HBIO 301 CHAPTER 18 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++

HBIO 301 CHAPTER 18 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ What are the 5 functions of blood? 1. Transport dissolved substances 2. Regulation of pH and ion composition 3. Clotting 4. Defense against toxins and pathogens (leukocytes) 5. Stabilizes body temperature What are the primary constituents of blood? Plasma Buffy coat Erthyrocytes What percent of whole blood does plasma make up? What does it do? 55% Exchange water, ions, and small molecules (no proteins) across capillary wall What percent of whole blood does the buffy coat make up? What is it composed of? 1% of whole blood Leukocytes and platelets What percent of whole blood does erythrocytes make up? What is the name for this? 45% Hematocrit What is the hematocrit for males? For females? males = 47% +/- 5% females = 42% +/- 5% What is plasma made up of in percentages? 7% plasma proteins 92% water 1% other solutes What are the formed elements made up of in percentages? .1% platelets .1% WBC 99.9% RBC (1/3 of all cells in body) What is the pH of blood? Temperature? Volume (men vs women)? Percent of total body weight? pH = 7.4 Temperature = 38 C Volume = 4-5 Liters women, 5-6 liters men ~7% body weight What are the top 3 plasma proteins and what is each's abundance? Albumins - 60% Fibrinogen - 4% Globulins - 35% What do albumins do? Transport substances such as fatty acids, thyroid hormones, steroid hormones Major contributor to osmotic pressure of plasma Where are albumins synthesized? Liver What does fibrinogen do? What does it produce? Where is it synthesized? Clotting