Test Bank for Wongs Nursing Care of Infants and Children,
Marilyn J. Hockenberry, Elizabeth A. Duffy & Karen Gibbs,
12th Edition
,Chapter.01:.Perspectives.of.Pediatric.Nursing
Hockenberry:.Wong’s.Nursing.Care.of.Infants.and.Children,.12th.Edition
MULTIPLE.CHOICE
What.is.the.major.cause.of.death.for.children.in.the.United.States?
Heart.disease
Childhood.cancer
Injuries
Congenital.anomalies
ANS:..C
Unintentional.injuries.(accidents).are.the.leading.cause.of.death.after.age.1.year.through.adoles
cence..The.leading.cause.of.death.for.those.younger.than.1.year.is.congenital.anomalies,.and.ch
ildhood.cancers.and.heart.disease.cause.a.significantly.lower.percentage.of.deaths.in.children.o
lder.than.1.year.of.age.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Understanding TOP: Nursing.Process:.Planning
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Health.Promotion.and.Maintenance
Parents.of.a.hospitalized.toddler.ask.the.nurse,.―What.is.meant.by.family-
centered.care?‖.The.nurse.should.respond.with.which.statement?
Family-centered.care.reduces.the.effect.of.cultural.diversity.on.the.family.
Family-centered.care.encourages.family.dependence.on.the.health.care.system.
Family-centered.care.recognizes.that.the.family.is.the.constant.in.a.child‘s.life.
Family-centered.care.avoids.expecting.families.to.be.part.of.the.decision-
making.process.
ANS:..C
The.three.key.components.of.family-
centered.care.are.respect,.collaboration,.and.support..Family-
centered.care.recognizes.the.family.as.the.constant.in.the.child‘s.life..The.family.should.be.ena
bled.and.empowered.to.work.with.the.health.care.system.and.is.expected.to.be.part.of.the.decisi
on-
making.process..The.nurse.should.also.support.the.family‘s.cultural.diversity,.not.reduce.its.ef
fect.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Applying TOP: Nursing.Process:.Implementation
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Health.Promotion.and.Maintenance
Evidence-based.practice.(EBP),.a.decision-making.model,.is.best.described.as.which?
Using.information.in.textbooks.to.guide.care
Combining.knowledge.with.clinical.experience.and.intuition
Using.a.professional.code.of.ethics.as.a.means.for.decision.making
Gathering.all.evidence.that.applies.to.the.child‘s.health.and.family.situation
ANS:..B
EBP.helps.focus.on.measurable.outcomes;.the.use.of.demonstrated,.effective.interventions;.and
.questioning.the.best.approach..EBP.involves.decision.making.based.on.the.integration.of.the.b
est.research.evidence.combined.with.clinical.expertise.and.patient.values.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Remembering TOP: Nursing.Process:.Planning
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Safe.and.Effective.Care.Environment
,The.nurse.is.talking.to.a.group.of.parents.of.school-age.children.at.an.after-
school.program.about.childhood.health.problems..Which.statement.should.the.nurse.include.in.the
.teaching?
Childhood.obesity.is.the.most.common.nutritional.problem.among.children.
Immunization.rates.are.the.same.among.children.of.different.races.and.ethnicity.
Dental.caries.is.not.a.problem.commonly.seen.in.children.since.the.introduction.of.fl
uorinated.water.
Mental.health.problems.are.typically.not.seen.in.school-
age.children.but.may.be.diagnosed.in.adolescents.
ANS:..A
When.teaching.parents.of.school-
age.children.about.childhood.health.problems,.the.nurse.should.include.information.about.childho
od.obesity.because.it.is.the.most.common.problem.among.children.and.is.associated.with.type.2.di
abetes..Teaching.parents.about.ways.to.prevent.obesity.is.important.to.include..Immunization.rates
.differ.depending.on.the.child‘s.race.and.ethnicity;.dental.caries.continues.to.be.a.common.chronic.
disease.in.childhood;.and.mental.health.problems.are.seen.in.children.as.young.as.school.age,.not.j
ust.in.adolescents.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Applying TOP: Integrated.Process:.Teaching/Learning
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Health.Promotion.and.Maintenance
The.nurse.is.planning.care.for.a.hospitalized.preschool-
aged.child..Which.should.the.nurse.plan.to.ensure.atraumatic.care?
Limit.explanation.of.procedures.because.the.child.is.preschool.aged.
Ask.that.all.family.members.leave.the.room.when.performing.procedures.
Allow.the.child.to.choose.the.type.of.juice.to.drink.with.the.administration.of.oral.m
edications.
Explain.that.EMLA.cream.cannot.be.used.for.the.morning.lab.draw.because.there.is.
not.time.for.it.to.be.effective.
ANS:..C
The.overriding.goal.in.providing.atraumatic.care.is.first,.do.no.harm..Allowing.the.child,.a.choic
e.of.juice.to.drink.when.taking.oral.medications.provides.the.child.with.a.sense.of.control..The.pr
eschool.child.should.be.prepared.before.procedures,.so.limiting.explanations.of.procedures.woul
d.increase.anxiety..The.family.should.be.allowed.to.stay.with.the.child.during.procedures,.minim
izing.stress..Lidocaine/prilocaine.(EMLA).cream.is.a.topical.local.anesthetic..The.nurse.should.
plan.to.use.the.prescribed.cream.in.time.for.morning.laboratory.draws.to.minimize.pain.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Applying TOP: Nursing.Process:.Planning
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Health.Promotion.and.Maintenance
Which.situation.denotes.a.nontherapeutic.nurse–patient–family.relationship?
The.nurse.is.planning.to.read.a.favorite.fairy.tale.to.a.patient.
During.shift.report,.the.nurse.is.criticizing.parents.for.not.visiting.their.child.
The.nurse.is.discussing.with.a.fellow.nurse.the.emotional.draw.to.a.certain.patient.
The.nurse.is.working.with.a.family.to.find.ways.to.decrease.the.family‘s.d
ependence.on.health.care.providers.
ANS:..B
, Criticizing.parents.for.not.visiting.in.shift.report.is.nontherapeutic.and.shows.an.under.involve
ment.with.the.parents..Reading.a.fairy.tale.is.a.therapeutic.and.age-
appropriate.action..Discussing.feelings.of.an.emotional.draw.with.a.fellow.nurse.is.therapeutic.a
nd.shows.a.willingness.to.understand.feelings..Working.with.parents.to.decrease.dependence.on
.health.care.providers.is.therapeutic.and.helps.to.empower.the.family.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Analyzing TOP: Integrated.Process:.Caring
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Psychosocial.Integrity
The.nurse.is.aware.that.which.age-
group.is.at.risk.for.childhood.injury.because.of.the.cognitive.characteristic.of.magical.a
nd.egocentric.thinking?
Preschool
Young.school.age
Middle.school.age
Adolescent
ANS:..A
Preschool.children.have.the.cognitive.characteristic.of.magical.and.egocentric.thinking,.meanin
g.they.are.unable.to.comprehend.danger.to.self.or.others..Young.and.middle.school-
aged.children.have.transitional.cognitive.processes,.and.they.may.attempt.dangerous.acts.witho
ut.detailed.planning.but.recognize.danger.to.themselves.or.others..Adolescents.have.formal.oper
ational.cognitive.processes.and.are.preoccupied.with.abstract.thinking.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Understanding TOP: Nursing.Process:.Assessment
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Safe.and.Effective.Care.Environment
The.school.nurse.is.assessing.children.for.risk.factors.related.to.childhood.injuries..Which.c
hild.has.the.most.risk.factors.related.to.childhood.injury?
Female,.multiple.siblings,.stable.home.life
Male,.high.activity.level,.stressful.home.life
Male,.even.tempered,.history.of.previous.injuries
Female,.reacts.negatively.to.new.situations,.no.serious.previous.injuries
ANS:..B
Boys.have.a.preponderance.for.injuries.over.girls.because.of.a.difference.in.behavioral.characteri
stics,.a.high.activity.temperament.is.associated.with.risk-
taking.behaviors,.and.stress.predisposes.children.to.increased.risk.taking.and.self-
destructive.behaviors..Therefore,.a.male.child.with.a.high.activity.level.and.living.in.a.stressful.e
nvironment.has.the.highest.number.of.risk.factors..A.girl.with.several.siblings.and.a.stable.home.l
ife.is.low.risk..A.boy.with.previous.injuries.has.two.risk.factors,.but.an.even.temper.is.not.a.risk.fa
ctor.for.injuries..A.girl.who.reacts.negatively.to.new.situations.but.has.no.previous.serious.illness
es.has.only.one.risk.factor.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Analyzing TOP: Nursing.Process:.Assessment
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Safe.and.Effective.Care.Environment
An.adolescent.patient.wants.to.make.decisions.about.treatment.options,.along.with.his.parents
..Which.moral.value.is.the.nurse.displaying.when.supporting.the.adolescent.to.make.decisions
?
Justice
Autonomy
Marilyn J. Hockenberry, Elizabeth A. Duffy & Karen Gibbs,
12th Edition
,Chapter.01:.Perspectives.of.Pediatric.Nursing
Hockenberry:.Wong’s.Nursing.Care.of.Infants.and.Children,.12th.Edition
MULTIPLE.CHOICE
What.is.the.major.cause.of.death.for.children.in.the.United.States?
Heart.disease
Childhood.cancer
Injuries
Congenital.anomalies
ANS:..C
Unintentional.injuries.(accidents).are.the.leading.cause.of.death.after.age.1.year.through.adoles
cence..The.leading.cause.of.death.for.those.younger.than.1.year.is.congenital.anomalies,.and.ch
ildhood.cancers.and.heart.disease.cause.a.significantly.lower.percentage.of.deaths.in.children.o
lder.than.1.year.of.age.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Understanding TOP: Nursing.Process:.Planning
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Health.Promotion.and.Maintenance
Parents.of.a.hospitalized.toddler.ask.the.nurse,.―What.is.meant.by.family-
centered.care?‖.The.nurse.should.respond.with.which.statement?
Family-centered.care.reduces.the.effect.of.cultural.diversity.on.the.family.
Family-centered.care.encourages.family.dependence.on.the.health.care.system.
Family-centered.care.recognizes.that.the.family.is.the.constant.in.a.child‘s.life.
Family-centered.care.avoids.expecting.families.to.be.part.of.the.decision-
making.process.
ANS:..C
The.three.key.components.of.family-
centered.care.are.respect,.collaboration,.and.support..Family-
centered.care.recognizes.the.family.as.the.constant.in.the.child‘s.life..The.family.should.be.ena
bled.and.empowered.to.work.with.the.health.care.system.and.is.expected.to.be.part.of.the.decisi
on-
making.process..The.nurse.should.also.support.the.family‘s.cultural.diversity,.not.reduce.its.ef
fect.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Applying TOP: Nursing.Process:.Implementation
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Health.Promotion.and.Maintenance
Evidence-based.practice.(EBP),.a.decision-making.model,.is.best.described.as.which?
Using.information.in.textbooks.to.guide.care
Combining.knowledge.with.clinical.experience.and.intuition
Using.a.professional.code.of.ethics.as.a.means.for.decision.making
Gathering.all.evidence.that.applies.to.the.child‘s.health.and.family.situation
ANS:..B
EBP.helps.focus.on.measurable.outcomes;.the.use.of.demonstrated,.effective.interventions;.and
.questioning.the.best.approach..EBP.involves.decision.making.based.on.the.integration.of.the.b
est.research.evidence.combined.with.clinical.expertise.and.patient.values.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Remembering TOP: Nursing.Process:.Planning
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Safe.and.Effective.Care.Environment
,The.nurse.is.talking.to.a.group.of.parents.of.school-age.children.at.an.after-
school.program.about.childhood.health.problems..Which.statement.should.the.nurse.include.in.the
.teaching?
Childhood.obesity.is.the.most.common.nutritional.problem.among.children.
Immunization.rates.are.the.same.among.children.of.different.races.and.ethnicity.
Dental.caries.is.not.a.problem.commonly.seen.in.children.since.the.introduction.of.fl
uorinated.water.
Mental.health.problems.are.typically.not.seen.in.school-
age.children.but.may.be.diagnosed.in.adolescents.
ANS:..A
When.teaching.parents.of.school-
age.children.about.childhood.health.problems,.the.nurse.should.include.information.about.childho
od.obesity.because.it.is.the.most.common.problem.among.children.and.is.associated.with.type.2.di
abetes..Teaching.parents.about.ways.to.prevent.obesity.is.important.to.include..Immunization.rates
.differ.depending.on.the.child‘s.race.and.ethnicity;.dental.caries.continues.to.be.a.common.chronic.
disease.in.childhood;.and.mental.health.problems.are.seen.in.children.as.young.as.school.age,.not.j
ust.in.adolescents.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Applying TOP: Integrated.Process:.Teaching/Learning
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Health.Promotion.and.Maintenance
The.nurse.is.planning.care.for.a.hospitalized.preschool-
aged.child..Which.should.the.nurse.plan.to.ensure.atraumatic.care?
Limit.explanation.of.procedures.because.the.child.is.preschool.aged.
Ask.that.all.family.members.leave.the.room.when.performing.procedures.
Allow.the.child.to.choose.the.type.of.juice.to.drink.with.the.administration.of.oral.m
edications.
Explain.that.EMLA.cream.cannot.be.used.for.the.morning.lab.draw.because.there.is.
not.time.for.it.to.be.effective.
ANS:..C
The.overriding.goal.in.providing.atraumatic.care.is.first,.do.no.harm..Allowing.the.child,.a.choic
e.of.juice.to.drink.when.taking.oral.medications.provides.the.child.with.a.sense.of.control..The.pr
eschool.child.should.be.prepared.before.procedures,.so.limiting.explanations.of.procedures.woul
d.increase.anxiety..The.family.should.be.allowed.to.stay.with.the.child.during.procedures,.minim
izing.stress..Lidocaine/prilocaine.(EMLA).cream.is.a.topical.local.anesthetic..The.nurse.should.
plan.to.use.the.prescribed.cream.in.time.for.morning.laboratory.draws.to.minimize.pain.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Applying TOP: Nursing.Process:.Planning
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Health.Promotion.and.Maintenance
Which.situation.denotes.a.nontherapeutic.nurse–patient–family.relationship?
The.nurse.is.planning.to.read.a.favorite.fairy.tale.to.a.patient.
During.shift.report,.the.nurse.is.criticizing.parents.for.not.visiting.their.child.
The.nurse.is.discussing.with.a.fellow.nurse.the.emotional.draw.to.a.certain.patient.
The.nurse.is.working.with.a.family.to.find.ways.to.decrease.the.family‘s.d
ependence.on.health.care.providers.
ANS:..B
, Criticizing.parents.for.not.visiting.in.shift.report.is.nontherapeutic.and.shows.an.under.involve
ment.with.the.parents..Reading.a.fairy.tale.is.a.therapeutic.and.age-
appropriate.action..Discussing.feelings.of.an.emotional.draw.with.a.fellow.nurse.is.therapeutic.a
nd.shows.a.willingness.to.understand.feelings..Working.with.parents.to.decrease.dependence.on
.health.care.providers.is.therapeutic.and.helps.to.empower.the.family.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Analyzing TOP: Integrated.Process:.Caring
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Psychosocial.Integrity
The.nurse.is.aware.that.which.age-
group.is.at.risk.for.childhood.injury.because.of.the.cognitive.characteristic.of.magical.a
nd.egocentric.thinking?
Preschool
Young.school.age
Middle.school.age
Adolescent
ANS:..A
Preschool.children.have.the.cognitive.characteristic.of.magical.and.egocentric.thinking,.meanin
g.they.are.unable.to.comprehend.danger.to.self.or.others..Young.and.middle.school-
aged.children.have.transitional.cognitive.processes,.and.they.may.attempt.dangerous.acts.witho
ut.detailed.planning.but.recognize.danger.to.themselves.or.others..Adolescents.have.formal.oper
ational.cognitive.processes.and.are.preoccupied.with.abstract.thinking.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Understanding TOP: Nursing.Process:.Assessment
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Safe.and.Effective.Care.Environment
The.school.nurse.is.assessing.children.for.risk.factors.related.to.childhood.injuries..Which.c
hild.has.the.most.risk.factors.related.to.childhood.injury?
Female,.multiple.siblings,.stable.home.life
Male,.high.activity.level,.stressful.home.life
Male,.even.tempered,.history.of.previous.injuries
Female,.reacts.negatively.to.new.situations,.no.serious.previous.injuries
ANS:..B
Boys.have.a.preponderance.for.injuries.over.girls.because.of.a.difference.in.behavioral.characteri
stics,.a.high.activity.temperament.is.associated.with.risk-
taking.behaviors,.and.stress.predisposes.children.to.increased.risk.taking.and.self-
destructive.behaviors..Therefore,.a.male.child.with.a.high.activity.level.and.living.in.a.stressful.e
nvironment.has.the.highest.number.of.risk.factors..A.girl.with.several.siblings.and.a.stable.home.l
ife.is.low.risk..A.boy.with.previous.injuries.has.two.risk.factors,.but.an.even.temper.is.not.a.risk.fa
ctor.for.injuries..A.girl.who.reacts.negatively.to.new.situations.but.has.no.previous.serious.illness
es.has.only.one.risk.factor.
DIF: Cognitive.Level:.Analyzing TOP: Nursing.Process:.Assessment
MSC:.Client.Needs:.Safe.and.Effective.Care.Environment
An.adolescent.patient.wants.to.make.decisions.about.treatment.options,.along.with.his.parents
..Which.moral.value.is.the.nurse.displaying.when.supporting.the.adolescent.to.make.decisions
?
Justice
Autonomy
