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Goals of Initial Assessment in PALS - ANSWER✅✅Stable
Impending respiratory failure/shock
Definite respiratory failure or shock, compensated / uncompensated
Cardiopulmonary Failure
Cardiopulmonary Arrest
How long should the initial assessment take? - ANSWER✅✅< 60 seconds
MCC cardiopulmonary arrest - ANSWER✅✅respiratory failure
What should the always be the first thing you think of in an unresponsive child -
ANSWER✅✅Airway
How long should supportive ABCs be given prior to EMS activation if alone? -
ANSWER✅✅1 minute
What type of breathers are infants? - ANSWER✅✅NASAL (do not occlude)
Where should padding be placed to maintain sniffing position? - ANSWER✅✅under
the shoulders
How to estimate an ET tube size? - ANSWER✅✅childs little finger
, How to calculate uncuffed ET tube size? - ANSWER✅✅age/4 + 4
How to calculate cuffed ET tube size? - ANSWER✅✅age/4 + 3
What aspects of breathing should you assess? - ANSWER✅✅rate
mechanics
air entry (sound/motion)
What is the most sensitive marker of circulation in pediatrics? - ANSWER✅✅Pulse
(HR)
When should chest compressions be initiated in an infant? - ANSWER✅✅< 60 (CO
not sustainable w/ life)
refractory to oxygen
What is the MCC bradycardia? - ANSWER✅✅hypoxia
What is the 1st tx for bradycardia? - ANSWER✅✅100% O2
What medication is used first in bradycardia? - ANSWER✅✅EPI
What is the issue with Atropine in pediatrics for bradycardia? -
ANSWER✅✅potential of harming developing parasympathetic system
Defibrillation energies for pediatrics - ANSWER✅✅2J/kg
4J/kg
max 10 J/kg
HOTN in < 1 month - ANSWER✅✅SBP < 60
HOTN in 1-12 month - ANSWER✅✅SBP < 70
How do you estimate lower limit of SBP for children 2-10 yo? - ANSWER✅✅70 + (2
x age)
HOTN in > 10 yo - ANSWER✅✅SBP < 90
What is important to consider in measuring blood pressure in pediatrics? -
ANSWER✅✅size of cuff
MC type of shock in pediatrics - ANSWER✅✅Hypovolemic
Causes of hypovolemic shock in pediatrics? - ANSWER✅✅hemorrhage
GI loss
burns
MC distributive shocks in pediatrics - ANSWER✅✅SEPTIC