TEST BANK FOR
L L
PORTH'S ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
L L L L
5TH EDITION
L L
BY LTOMMIE LL LNORRIS LLATEST LUPDATE L2025 LRANKED LA+.
,1. Chapter L1
Although Lthe Lbasic Lstructure Lof Lthe Lcell Lplasma Lmembrane Lis Lformed Lby La Llipid Lbilayer,
Lmost Lof Lthe Lspecific Lmembrane Lfunctions Lare Lcarried Lout Lby:
A) Bound Land Ltransmembrane Lproteins
B) Complex, Llong Lcarbohydrate Lchains
C) Surface Lantigens Land Lhormone Lreceptors
D) A Lgating Lsystem Lof Lselective Lion Lchannels
Ans: LA
Feedback:
The Lfunctions Lof Lplasma Lmembrane Ldepend Lon Lthe Lpresence Lof Lproteins Lthat Lare Lbound Lin Lthe
Llipid Lbilayer Land Lsome Lthat Lhave Lthe Lability Lto Lpass Lfreely Linto Land Lout Lof Lthe Lcell.
Carbohydrate Lchains Lform La Lcell Lcoat Lthat Lsurrounds Lthe Lmembrane Land Lthat Lcontain
Lsurface Lantigens Land Lsurface Lhormone Lreceptors. LSome Lion Lchannels Lare Lgated Land Lopen
Lonly Lwhen Lthe Lmembrane Lpotential Lchanges Lsignificantly.
2. Which Ldescribes Lthe Lfunction Lof Lthe Lnucleus?
A) It Lis Lbasically Lthe Lsite Lof Lprotein Lsynthesis Lin Lthe Lbody.
B) It Lcontains Lthe Lgenetic Lcode Lfor Lthe Lindividual.
C) It Lis Lthe Ltransformer Lof Lcellular Lenergy.
D) It Linitiates Lthe Lprocess Lof Laerobic Lmetabolism.
Ans: LB
Feedback:
The Lnucleus Lcontains LDNA, Lwhich Lcontains Lthe Lgenetic Lcode Lthat Lcontains Lthe Linformation
Lthat Lcontrols Lcells. LRibosomes Lsynthesize Lprotein. LMitochondria Ltransform Lorganic
Lcompounds Linto Lcellular Lenergy. LMitochondria Lrequire Loxygen Lfor Laerobic Lmetabolism,
Lusing Lhydrogen Land Lcarbon Lcombined Lwith Loxygen Lmolecules Lto Lform Lcarbon Ldioxide Land
Lwater Las Lenergy Lis Lreleased.
3. Which Lof Lthe Lfollowing Laspects Lof Lthe Lfunction Lof Lthe Lnucleus Lis Lperformed Lby
Lribosomal LRNA L(rRNA)?
,A) Copying Land Lcarrying LDNA Linstructions Lfor Lprotein Lsynthesis
B) Carrying Lamino Lacids Lto Lthe Lsite Lof Lprotein Lsynthesis
C) Providing Lthe Lsite Lwhere Lprotein Lsynthesis Loccurs
D) Regulating Land Lcontrolling Lprotein Lsynthesis
Ans: LC
Feedback:
There Lare Lthree Ltypes Lof Lribonucleic Lacid L(messenger LRNA, Lribosomal LRNA, Land Ltransfer
LRNA) Lthat Lmove Lto Lthe Lcytoplasm Land Lcarry Lout Lthe Lactual Lsynthesis Lof Lproteins.
Messenger LRNA L(mRNA) Lcopies Land Lcarries Lthe LDNA Linstructions Lfor Lprotein Lsynthesis Lto Lthe
Lcytoplasm; Lribosomal LRNA L(rRNA) Lis Lthe Lsite Lof Lprotein Lsynthesis; Land Ltransfer LRNA L(tRNA)
Ltransports Lamino Lacids Lto Lthe Lsite Lof Lprotein Lsynthesis Lfor Lincorporation Linto Lthe Lprotein Lbeing
Lsynthesized.
4. Which Laccurately Lexplains Lthe Lfunctions Lof Lthe Lorganelles Llysosomes? LThey:
A) Are Lsacs Lfilled Lwith Lenzymes Lthat Lbreakdown Land Lremove Lforeign Lsubstances Land
Lworn- Lout Lcell Lparts
B) Function Lin Lassociation Lwith Lthe Lendoplasmic Lreticulum Lto Lmodify Lprotein Lend
Lproducts Land Lpackage Lthem Linto Lsecretory Lgranules Lor Lvesicles
C) Are Lsmall Lparticles Lof Lnucleoproteins Lthat Lare Linvolved Lin Lthe Lsynthesis Lof
Lproteins Lthat Lremain Lin Lthe Lcell Las Lcytoplasmic Lstructural Lor Lfunctional Lelements
D) Are La Ldynamic Lsystem Lof Linterconnected Lmembranous Ltubes Lthat Lfunctions Las La
Ltubular Lcommunication Lsystem Lfor Ltransporting Lvarious Lsubstances Lfrom Lone Lpart Lof Lthe
Lcell Lto Lanother
Ans: LA
Feedback:
Lysosomes Lare Lsacs Lthat Lare Lfilled Lwith Lhydrolytic Lenzymes Lthat Laid Lin Lthe Lprocessing Land
Lremoval Lof Lunwanted Lsubstances Lwithin Lthe Lcytoplasm. LThe LGolgi Lapparatus Lfunctions Lin
Lassociation Lwith Lthe Lendoplasmic Lreticulum Lto Lmodify Land Lpackage Lsubstances Lin Lpreparation
Lfor Lsecretion, Lwhereas Lribosomes Lare Lsmall Lparticles Lof Lnucleoproteins Lthat Lare Linvolved
Lin Lthe Lsynthesis Lof Lproteins. LThe LER Lis La Ltubular Lcommunication Lsystem Lfor Ltransporting
Lvarious Lsubstances Lfrom Lone Lpart Lof Lthe Lcell Lto Lanother.
, 5. Impairment Lin Lthe Lfunction Lof Lperoxisomes Lwould Lresult Lin:
A) Inadequate Lsites Lfor Lprotein Lsynthesis
B) An Linability Lto Ltransport Lcellular Lproducts Lacross Lthe Lcell Lmembrane
C) Insufficient Lenergy Lproduction Lwithin La Lcell
D) Accumulation Lof Lfree Lradicals Lin Lthe Lcytoplasm
Ans: LD
Feedback:
Peroxisomes Lfunction Lin Lthe Lcontrol Lof Lfree Lradicals; Lunless Ldegraded, Lthese Lhighly Lunstable
Lchemical Lcompounds Ldamage Lother Lcytoplasmic Lmolecules. LPeroxisomes Ldo Lnot Ldirectly
Lcontribute Lto Lenergy Lproduction, Lprotein Lsynthesis, Lor Ltransport Lof Lcellular Lsecretions.
6. Although Lenergy Lis Lnot Lmade Lin Lmitochondria, Lthey Lare Lknown Las Lthe L―power
Lplants‖ Lof Lthe Lcell Lbecause Lthey:
A) Contain LRNA Lfor Lprotein Lsynthesis
B) Utilize Lglycolysis Lfor Loxidative Lenergy
C) Extract Lenergy Lfrom Lorganic Lcompounds
D) Store Lcalcium Lbonds Lfor Lmuscle Lcontractions
Ans: LC
Feedback:
Mitochondria Lcontain Lthe Lenzymes Lneeded Lfor Ltransforming Lorganic Lcompounds Linto Lenergy
Lthat Lis Leasily Laccessible Lto Lthe Lcell. LMitochondria Lcontain Ltheir Lown LDNA. LGlycolysis Lis
Lanaerobic Lmetabolism Land Lunrelated Lto Loxidative Lenergy. LMitochondria Lstore Lphosphate
Lbonds L(such Las Lin LATP) Lto Lpower Lcellular Lfunctions.
7. Semen Lanalysis Lindicates Lthat Lthe Lclient's Lsperm Lhave Ldecreased Lmotility. LWhich
Lof Lthe Lfollowing Lcellular Lcomponents Lmay Lbe Ldefective Lwithin Lthe Lclient's Lsperm?
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments
L L
PORTH'S ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
L L L L
5TH EDITION
L L
BY LTOMMIE LL LNORRIS LLATEST LUPDATE L2025 LRANKED LA+.
,1. Chapter L1
Although Lthe Lbasic Lstructure Lof Lthe Lcell Lplasma Lmembrane Lis Lformed Lby La Llipid Lbilayer,
Lmost Lof Lthe Lspecific Lmembrane Lfunctions Lare Lcarried Lout Lby:
A) Bound Land Ltransmembrane Lproteins
B) Complex, Llong Lcarbohydrate Lchains
C) Surface Lantigens Land Lhormone Lreceptors
D) A Lgating Lsystem Lof Lselective Lion Lchannels
Ans: LA
Feedback:
The Lfunctions Lof Lplasma Lmembrane Ldepend Lon Lthe Lpresence Lof Lproteins Lthat Lare Lbound Lin Lthe
Llipid Lbilayer Land Lsome Lthat Lhave Lthe Lability Lto Lpass Lfreely Linto Land Lout Lof Lthe Lcell.
Carbohydrate Lchains Lform La Lcell Lcoat Lthat Lsurrounds Lthe Lmembrane Land Lthat Lcontain
Lsurface Lantigens Land Lsurface Lhormone Lreceptors. LSome Lion Lchannels Lare Lgated Land Lopen
Lonly Lwhen Lthe Lmembrane Lpotential Lchanges Lsignificantly.
2. Which Ldescribes Lthe Lfunction Lof Lthe Lnucleus?
A) It Lis Lbasically Lthe Lsite Lof Lprotein Lsynthesis Lin Lthe Lbody.
B) It Lcontains Lthe Lgenetic Lcode Lfor Lthe Lindividual.
C) It Lis Lthe Ltransformer Lof Lcellular Lenergy.
D) It Linitiates Lthe Lprocess Lof Laerobic Lmetabolism.
Ans: LB
Feedback:
The Lnucleus Lcontains LDNA, Lwhich Lcontains Lthe Lgenetic Lcode Lthat Lcontains Lthe Linformation
Lthat Lcontrols Lcells. LRibosomes Lsynthesize Lprotein. LMitochondria Ltransform Lorganic
Lcompounds Linto Lcellular Lenergy. LMitochondria Lrequire Loxygen Lfor Laerobic Lmetabolism,
Lusing Lhydrogen Land Lcarbon Lcombined Lwith Loxygen Lmolecules Lto Lform Lcarbon Ldioxide Land
Lwater Las Lenergy Lis Lreleased.
3. Which Lof Lthe Lfollowing Laspects Lof Lthe Lfunction Lof Lthe Lnucleus Lis Lperformed Lby
Lribosomal LRNA L(rRNA)?
,A) Copying Land Lcarrying LDNA Linstructions Lfor Lprotein Lsynthesis
B) Carrying Lamino Lacids Lto Lthe Lsite Lof Lprotein Lsynthesis
C) Providing Lthe Lsite Lwhere Lprotein Lsynthesis Loccurs
D) Regulating Land Lcontrolling Lprotein Lsynthesis
Ans: LC
Feedback:
There Lare Lthree Ltypes Lof Lribonucleic Lacid L(messenger LRNA, Lribosomal LRNA, Land Ltransfer
LRNA) Lthat Lmove Lto Lthe Lcytoplasm Land Lcarry Lout Lthe Lactual Lsynthesis Lof Lproteins.
Messenger LRNA L(mRNA) Lcopies Land Lcarries Lthe LDNA Linstructions Lfor Lprotein Lsynthesis Lto Lthe
Lcytoplasm; Lribosomal LRNA L(rRNA) Lis Lthe Lsite Lof Lprotein Lsynthesis; Land Ltransfer LRNA L(tRNA)
Ltransports Lamino Lacids Lto Lthe Lsite Lof Lprotein Lsynthesis Lfor Lincorporation Linto Lthe Lprotein Lbeing
Lsynthesized.
4. Which Laccurately Lexplains Lthe Lfunctions Lof Lthe Lorganelles Llysosomes? LThey:
A) Are Lsacs Lfilled Lwith Lenzymes Lthat Lbreakdown Land Lremove Lforeign Lsubstances Land
Lworn- Lout Lcell Lparts
B) Function Lin Lassociation Lwith Lthe Lendoplasmic Lreticulum Lto Lmodify Lprotein Lend
Lproducts Land Lpackage Lthem Linto Lsecretory Lgranules Lor Lvesicles
C) Are Lsmall Lparticles Lof Lnucleoproteins Lthat Lare Linvolved Lin Lthe Lsynthesis Lof
Lproteins Lthat Lremain Lin Lthe Lcell Las Lcytoplasmic Lstructural Lor Lfunctional Lelements
D) Are La Ldynamic Lsystem Lof Linterconnected Lmembranous Ltubes Lthat Lfunctions Las La
Ltubular Lcommunication Lsystem Lfor Ltransporting Lvarious Lsubstances Lfrom Lone Lpart Lof Lthe
Lcell Lto Lanother
Ans: LA
Feedback:
Lysosomes Lare Lsacs Lthat Lare Lfilled Lwith Lhydrolytic Lenzymes Lthat Laid Lin Lthe Lprocessing Land
Lremoval Lof Lunwanted Lsubstances Lwithin Lthe Lcytoplasm. LThe LGolgi Lapparatus Lfunctions Lin
Lassociation Lwith Lthe Lendoplasmic Lreticulum Lto Lmodify Land Lpackage Lsubstances Lin Lpreparation
Lfor Lsecretion, Lwhereas Lribosomes Lare Lsmall Lparticles Lof Lnucleoproteins Lthat Lare Linvolved
Lin Lthe Lsynthesis Lof Lproteins. LThe LER Lis La Ltubular Lcommunication Lsystem Lfor Ltransporting
Lvarious Lsubstances Lfrom Lone Lpart Lof Lthe Lcell Lto Lanother.
, 5. Impairment Lin Lthe Lfunction Lof Lperoxisomes Lwould Lresult Lin:
A) Inadequate Lsites Lfor Lprotein Lsynthesis
B) An Linability Lto Ltransport Lcellular Lproducts Lacross Lthe Lcell Lmembrane
C) Insufficient Lenergy Lproduction Lwithin La Lcell
D) Accumulation Lof Lfree Lradicals Lin Lthe Lcytoplasm
Ans: LD
Feedback:
Peroxisomes Lfunction Lin Lthe Lcontrol Lof Lfree Lradicals; Lunless Ldegraded, Lthese Lhighly Lunstable
Lchemical Lcompounds Ldamage Lother Lcytoplasmic Lmolecules. LPeroxisomes Ldo Lnot Ldirectly
Lcontribute Lto Lenergy Lproduction, Lprotein Lsynthesis, Lor Ltransport Lof Lcellular Lsecretions.
6. Although Lenergy Lis Lnot Lmade Lin Lmitochondria, Lthey Lare Lknown Las Lthe L―power
Lplants‖ Lof Lthe Lcell Lbecause Lthey:
A) Contain LRNA Lfor Lprotein Lsynthesis
B) Utilize Lglycolysis Lfor Loxidative Lenergy
C) Extract Lenergy Lfrom Lorganic Lcompounds
D) Store Lcalcium Lbonds Lfor Lmuscle Lcontractions
Ans: LC
Feedback:
Mitochondria Lcontain Lthe Lenzymes Lneeded Lfor Ltransforming Lorganic Lcompounds Linto Lenergy
Lthat Lis Leasily Laccessible Lto Lthe Lcell. LMitochondria Lcontain Ltheir Lown LDNA. LGlycolysis Lis
Lanaerobic Lmetabolism Land Lunrelated Lto Loxidative Lenergy. LMitochondria Lstore Lphosphate
Lbonds L(such Las Lin LATP) Lto Lpower Lcellular Lfunctions.
7. Semen Lanalysis Lindicates Lthat Lthe Lclient's Lsperm Lhave Ldecreased Lmotility. LWhich
Lof Lthe Lfollowing Lcellular Lcomponents Lmay Lbe Ldefective Lwithin Lthe Lclient's Lsperm?
A) Ribosomes
B) Microtubules
C) Mitochondria
D) Microfilaments
