Ch 10-Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain - The Human Body in
Health and Illness
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dowhdw
1. Central Nervous System (CNS): contains the brain and the spinal cord
2. Peripheral Nervous System: consist of nerves that connect the brain and the
spinal cord with the rest of the body
3. Motor nerves: nerves that carry out the plans made by the CNS; also described
as efferent nerves
4. Sensory nerves: nerves that gather information from the environment and carry
it to the CNS; also described as afferent nerves
5. Integrative function: has the decision-making capability; the processing and
interpretation of information by the cells of the CNS
6. Which type of nerve cell does not undergo mitosis?: Neuron
7. Astrocyte: Common type of glial cell that supports and protects the neurons;
helps form the blood-brain barrier
8. Ependymal cells: type of glial cell that lines the inside cavities of the brain; helps
form the cerebrospinal fluid as
9. Microglia: Protective role; phagocytosis of pathogens and damaged tissue
10. Schwann cells: glial cells that form the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous
system
11. Oligodendrocrytes: Produce myelin sheath for neurons in the central nervous
system
12. Ganglia: clusters of cell bodies located in the peripheral nervous system
13. Nuclei: Plural for Nucleus.
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, Ch 10-Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain - The Human Body in
Health and Illness
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dowhdw
14. Neuroglia (glia): nerve glue; composed of astrocytes, ependymal cells, mi-
croglia, and oligodendrocytes
15. Cell body: part of the neuron that contains the nucleus; dendrites bring informa-
tion to this structure, and the axon carries information away from this structure
16. Axon: part of the neuron that transmits information away from the cell body
17. Axon terminal: part of the axon where the neurotransmitters are stored
18. nodes of Ranvier: short segments of the axonal membrane that are not covered
by myelin sheath; allows for saltatory conduction of the nerve impulse
19. Neurilemma: layes of cells that covers the axons of peripheral neurons; con-
cerned with nerve regeneration
20. Myelin sheath: white fatty material that surrounds the axon; increases the rate
at which the electrical signal travels along the axon
21. Dendrites: treelike part of the neuron that receives information from another
neuron; transmits that information toward the cell body
22. acetylcholine: a common neurotransmitter
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Health and Illness
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dowhdw
1. Central Nervous System (CNS): contains the brain and the spinal cord
2. Peripheral Nervous System: consist of nerves that connect the brain and the
spinal cord with the rest of the body
3. Motor nerves: nerves that carry out the plans made by the CNS; also described
as efferent nerves
4. Sensory nerves: nerves that gather information from the environment and carry
it to the CNS; also described as afferent nerves
5. Integrative function: has the decision-making capability; the processing and
interpretation of information by the cells of the CNS
6. Which type of nerve cell does not undergo mitosis?: Neuron
7. Astrocyte: Common type of glial cell that supports and protects the neurons;
helps form the blood-brain barrier
8. Ependymal cells: type of glial cell that lines the inside cavities of the brain; helps
form the cerebrospinal fluid as
9. Microglia: Protective role; phagocytosis of pathogens and damaged tissue
10. Schwann cells: glial cells that form the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous
system
11. Oligodendrocrytes: Produce myelin sheath for neurons in the central nervous
system
12. Ganglia: clusters of cell bodies located in the peripheral nervous system
13. Nuclei: Plural for Nucleus.
1/8
, Ch 10-Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain - The Human Body in
Health and Illness
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_dowhdw
14. Neuroglia (glia): nerve glue; composed of astrocytes, ependymal cells, mi-
croglia, and oligodendrocytes
15. Cell body: part of the neuron that contains the nucleus; dendrites bring informa-
tion to this structure, and the axon carries information away from this structure
16. Axon: part of the neuron that transmits information away from the cell body
17. Axon terminal: part of the axon where the neurotransmitters are stored
18. nodes of Ranvier: short segments of the axonal membrane that are not covered
by myelin sheath; allows for saltatory conduction of the nerve impulse
19. Neurilemma: layes of cells that covers the axons of peripheral neurons; con-
cerned with nerve regeneration
20. Myelin sheath: white fatty material that surrounds the axon; increases the rate
at which the electrical signal travels along the axon
21. Dendrites: treelike part of the neuron that receives information from another
neuron; transmits that information toward the cell body
22. acetylcholine: a common neurotransmitter
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