,Chapter 01: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
t t t t t t
Cherry & Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 7th Edition
t t t t t t t t t t
MULTIPLEtCHOICE
1. ClaratBartontistknowntfor:
a. becomingtthetfirsttblacktpublicthealthtnurse.
b. establishingtthetHenrytStreettSettlement.
c. foundingtthetAmericantRedtCross.
d. publicizingtthetinadequaciestofthospital-basedtnursingtschools.
ANS:t C
ThetAmericantRedtCross,tfoundedtbytClaratBartontint1882,tassistedtinteffortsttotcontinuetpublicth
ealthtnursing.
DIF: Knowledge REF:t t p.t11
2. Studentstaretassignedttotwritettottheirtstatetleaderstabouttantissuetaffectingttheirtcommunity.tOnet
studenttwritestabouttthetneedtamongtruraltcommunitytfortgreatertaccessttotacutetcaretservices.tW
hichtoftthetfollowingtpiecestoftlegislationtshouldtthetstudenttusetastatreference?
a. SocialtSecuritytAct
b. Hill-BurtontAct
c. Sheppard-Townert Act
d. U.S.tCiviltServicetAct
ANS:t B
ThetpurposetoftthetHill-
BurtontActtwasttotprovidetfundingttotconstructthospitalstandttothelptstatestintplantfortotherthealthtcaret
facilitiestintaccordancetwithtthetneedstoftcommunities.
DIF: Knowledge REF:t t p.t13
3. ThetpracticetoftpublicthealthtnursingtandtthetHenrytStreettSettlementtaretcreditedtto:
a. MarytBreckenridge.
b. MarytSeacole.
c. ClaratBarton.
d. LilliantWald.
ANS:t D
LilliantWald,tatpioneertintpublicthealthtnursing,tistbesttknowntfortthetdevelopmenttandtestablishme
nttoftthetHenrytStreettSettlement.
DIF: Knowledge REF:t t p.t6
4. Occupationalthealthtnursingtfeaturestbeliefstsimilarttotthosetoftwhichtearlytnursingtpioneer?
a. LilliantWald
b. FlorencetNightingale
c. ClaratBarton
d. MarytSeacole
ANS:t A
, LilliantWaldtdevelopedtthetfirsttnursingtservicetfortoccupationalthealth.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t p.t10
5. Whatthistoricalteventtfirsttledttotthetrecognitiontoftthetcontributiontoftblacksttotnursing?
a. FlorencetNightingale’stacceptancetoftblacktnursestintotthetfirsttnursingtschool
b. ThetcontributionstoftblacktnursestattthetPennsylvaniatHospital,tthetfirstthospitaltintAm
erica
c. MarytSeacole’steffortsttotcaretfortsoldierstduringtthetCrimeantWar
d. Thetworktdonetbytwivestoftwealthytblacktnoblestwhotcarriedtfoodtandtmedicinetfro
mthousettothousetduringtthetMiddletAges
ANS:t C
AlthoughtNightingale’stschooltrefusedtSeacole,tshetwastablettotmaketatdifferencetintthetCrimeant
Wartandtlatertwastrecognizedtforthertefforts.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t pp.t8-9
6. WorldtWartItcontributedttotthetadvancementtofthealthtcaretby:
a. increasingtthetnumbertoftprivatetcarethospitalstandtdecreasingtthetroletoftpublictheal
thtservices.
b. employingtatlargetnumbertoftciviliansttotprovidetcarettotreturningtsoldierstthroughtthet
RedtCross.
c. introducingtspecialiststintnursingtsuchtastnursetanesthetists.
d. increasingtthetnumbertoftcommunitythealthtnurses.
ANS:t C
WorldtWartItofferedtnursestatchancettotentertintotnewtfieldstoftspecialization,tastistseentintthetexam
pletoftnursetanesthetists,twhotbecametparttoftsurgicaltteamstattthetfronttlines.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t p.t11
7. ThetprimarytpurposetoftthetSocialtSecuritytActtoft1935twastto:
a. increasetresearchtthattfocusedtontminoritytgroups.
b. providetmedicaltcaretfortchemicallytimpairedtpersons.
c. ensurethealthtcaretfortoldertadultstthroughtatnationaltinsurancetsystem.
d. decreasetthetpublic’stfinancialtburdentbytlimitingtservicestofferedtbytlocalthealthtdep
artments.
ANS:t C
Bytprovidingthealthtinsurancetfortoldertadults,tthetSocialtSecuritytActtoft1935tsettthetprecedenttfo
rtthetpassagetoftthetMedicaretandtMedicaidtActstthattfollowedtint1965,tbuttthetacttalsotprovidedtm
aternaltandtchildtwelfaretservices,trehabilitationtfortthetmentallytandtphysicallytchallenged,tmedi
caltcaretfortblindtindividualstandtcrippledtchildren,tandtunemploymenttbenefits.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t p.t12
8. Atclienttaskstthetnurse,t“CantyoutexplaintMedicare,tantamendmentttotthetSocialtSecuritytAct?
”tThetnursetrespondstthattMedicare:
a. ledttotmanythospitaltclosings,talongtwithtatdecreasetintacutetcarethospital–
basedtnursingtcare.
, b. providedtmedicaltinsurancettotthosetyoungertadultstortchildrentwhotweretnottelig
ibletfortprivatetinsurancetbecausetoftcatastrophictillnessestsuchtastcancer.
c. providedtpreventivetcaretfortwomen,tinfants,tandtchildren.
d. ensuredtthattindividualstagest65tandtoldertandtthosetwithtend-
stagetrenaltdiseasetortpermanenttdisabilitiesthadthealthtcaretinsurance.
ANS:t D
ThetMedicaretprogramtprovidesthospitaltinsurance,tParttA,tandtmedicaltinsurance,tParttB,ttotalltp
eopletagest65tandtoldertwhotareteligiblettotreceivetSocialtSecuritytbenefits;tpeopletwithttotal,tper
manenttdisabilities;tandtpeopletwithtend-stagetrenaltdisease.
DIF:t t Comprehension REF:t t p.t14
9. Atcomparisontoftnursingtintthet1980sttotnursingtintthet1990strevealstthat:
a. intthet1990stnursingtexperiencedtatsignificanttreductiontoccurredtintpreventabletdis
easestcausedtbytunsafe/unhealthytlifestyles.
b. tuberculosistwastthetprimarytconcerntfortnursingtintthet1980s,twhereastthetAIDStepi
demictemergedtandtwastitstfocustduringtthet1990s.
c. atdecreasetintambulatorytservicestintthet1980stpromptedtantincreasetintpublictheal
thtnursestintthet1990s.
d. thetdemandtfortadvancedtpracticetnursestincreasedtintthet1980standtthet1990stastatresu
lttofttheteconomytandtconcerntabouttthethealthtoftthetnation.
ANS:t D
Thetnumberstoftadvancedtnursetpractitionerstincreasedtastevidencetofttheirtcost-
effectivenesstastproviderstoftprimarytandtpreventivethealthtcaretbecametestablished.
DIF:t t Comprehension REF:t t pp.t16-17
10. Whichtstatementtaccuratelytdescribestthethistoricaltperspectivetoftnursingtpractice?
a. Nursingthastexistedttotmeettthetneedstoftpopulations,tindividuals,tandtaggregatestbytpr
ovidingtcaretthattistdeterminedtbytthetneedstandtbeliefstoftsocietytintdifferentthistoricalt
contexts.
b. Astmentbeganttotbecometinterestedtintnursing,tittchangedtintotatrespectedtprof
essiontbasedtontscientifictfacttrathertthantsuperstition.
c. Nursingthasthistoricallytacceptedtindividualstfromtalltsocialtandtethnictba
ckgrounds.
d. ThetUnitedtStatesthastledtthetwaytthroughoutthistoryttotadvancetnursingtandtheal
thtcaretbytprovidingtthetfirstthospitaltandtmedicaltschool.
ANS:t A
Nursingthastexistedtsincetbiblicalttimesttotaddresstneedstrangingtfromtcontagioustdiseasestintearl
yttimesttothealthtpreventiontintthetpresentttime,twithtcaretbasedtonthealthtneedstandtbeliefstoftthett
ime.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t p.t3t|pp.t18-19
11. Thetusetoftherbsthastbecometatpopulartalternativettotprescriptiontdrugstinttoday’sthealthtcaretmilie
u.tDuringtwhichtotherthistoricaltperiodstdidthealthtpracticestfocustontthetusetoftherbs?
a. PrehistoricttimestandtthetMiddletAges
b. CiviltWartperiodtandtWorldtWartI
t t t t t t
Cherry & Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 7th Edition
t t t t t t t t t t
MULTIPLEtCHOICE
1. ClaratBartontistknowntfor:
a. becomingtthetfirsttblacktpublicthealthtnurse.
b. establishingtthetHenrytStreettSettlement.
c. foundingtthetAmericantRedtCross.
d. publicizingtthetinadequaciestofthospital-basedtnursingtschools.
ANS:t C
ThetAmericantRedtCross,tfoundedtbytClaratBartontint1882,tassistedtinteffortsttotcontinuetpublicth
ealthtnursing.
DIF: Knowledge REF:t t p.t11
2. Studentstaretassignedttotwritettottheirtstatetleaderstabouttantissuetaffectingttheirtcommunity.tOnet
studenttwritestabouttthetneedtamongtruraltcommunitytfortgreatertaccessttotacutetcaretservices.tW
hichtoftthetfollowingtpiecestoftlegislationtshouldtthetstudenttusetastatreference?
a. SocialtSecuritytAct
b. Hill-BurtontAct
c. Sheppard-Townert Act
d. U.S.tCiviltServicetAct
ANS:t B
ThetpurposetoftthetHill-
BurtontActtwasttotprovidetfundingttotconstructthospitalstandttothelptstatestintplantfortotherthealthtcaret
facilitiestintaccordancetwithtthetneedstoftcommunities.
DIF: Knowledge REF:t t p.t13
3. ThetpracticetoftpublicthealthtnursingtandtthetHenrytStreettSettlementtaretcreditedtto:
a. MarytBreckenridge.
b. MarytSeacole.
c. ClaratBarton.
d. LilliantWald.
ANS:t D
LilliantWald,tatpioneertintpublicthealthtnursing,tistbesttknowntfortthetdevelopmenttandtestablishme
nttoftthetHenrytStreettSettlement.
DIF: Knowledge REF:t t p.t6
4. Occupationalthealthtnursingtfeaturestbeliefstsimilarttotthosetoftwhichtearlytnursingtpioneer?
a. LilliantWald
b. FlorencetNightingale
c. ClaratBarton
d. MarytSeacole
ANS:t A
, LilliantWaldtdevelopedtthetfirsttnursingtservicetfortoccupationalthealth.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t p.t10
5. Whatthistoricalteventtfirsttledttotthetrecognitiontoftthetcontributiontoftblacksttotnursing?
a. FlorencetNightingale’stacceptancetoftblacktnursestintotthetfirsttnursingtschool
b. ThetcontributionstoftblacktnursestattthetPennsylvaniatHospital,tthetfirstthospitaltintAm
erica
c. MarytSeacole’steffortsttotcaretfortsoldierstduringtthetCrimeantWar
d. Thetworktdonetbytwivestoftwealthytblacktnoblestwhotcarriedtfoodtandtmedicinetfro
mthousettothousetduringtthetMiddletAges
ANS:t C
AlthoughtNightingale’stschooltrefusedtSeacole,tshetwastablettotmaketatdifferencetintthetCrimeant
Wartandtlatertwastrecognizedtforthertefforts.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t pp.t8-9
6. WorldtWartItcontributedttotthetadvancementtofthealthtcaretby:
a. increasingtthetnumbertoftprivatetcarethospitalstandtdecreasingtthetroletoftpublictheal
thtservices.
b. employingtatlargetnumbertoftciviliansttotprovidetcarettotreturningtsoldierstthroughtthet
RedtCross.
c. introducingtspecialiststintnursingtsuchtastnursetanesthetists.
d. increasingtthetnumbertoftcommunitythealthtnurses.
ANS:t C
WorldtWartItofferedtnursestatchancettotentertintotnewtfieldstoftspecialization,tastistseentintthetexam
pletoftnursetanesthetists,twhotbecametparttoftsurgicaltteamstattthetfronttlines.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t p.t11
7. ThetprimarytpurposetoftthetSocialtSecuritytActtoft1935twastto:
a. increasetresearchtthattfocusedtontminoritytgroups.
b. providetmedicaltcaretfortchemicallytimpairedtpersons.
c. ensurethealthtcaretfortoldertadultstthroughtatnationaltinsurancetsystem.
d. decreasetthetpublic’stfinancialtburdentbytlimitingtservicestofferedtbytlocalthealthtdep
artments.
ANS:t C
Bytprovidingthealthtinsurancetfortoldertadults,tthetSocialtSecuritytActtoft1935tsettthetprecedenttfo
rtthetpassagetoftthetMedicaretandtMedicaidtActstthattfollowedtint1965,tbuttthetacttalsotprovidedtm
aternaltandtchildtwelfaretservices,trehabilitationtfortthetmentallytandtphysicallytchallenged,tmedi
caltcaretfortblindtindividualstandtcrippledtchildren,tandtunemploymenttbenefits.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t p.t12
8. Atclienttaskstthetnurse,t“CantyoutexplaintMedicare,tantamendmentttotthetSocialtSecuritytAct?
”tThetnursetrespondstthattMedicare:
a. ledttotmanythospitaltclosings,talongtwithtatdecreasetintacutetcarethospital–
basedtnursingtcare.
, b. providedtmedicaltinsurancettotthosetyoungertadultstortchildrentwhotweretnottelig
ibletfortprivatetinsurancetbecausetoftcatastrophictillnessestsuchtastcancer.
c. providedtpreventivetcaretfortwomen,tinfants,tandtchildren.
d. ensuredtthattindividualstagest65tandtoldertandtthosetwithtend-
stagetrenaltdiseasetortpermanenttdisabilitiesthadthealthtcaretinsurance.
ANS:t D
ThetMedicaretprogramtprovidesthospitaltinsurance,tParttA,tandtmedicaltinsurance,tParttB,ttotalltp
eopletagest65tandtoldertwhotareteligiblettotreceivetSocialtSecuritytbenefits;tpeopletwithttotal,tper
manenttdisabilities;tandtpeopletwithtend-stagetrenaltdisease.
DIF:t t Comprehension REF:t t p.t14
9. Atcomparisontoftnursingtintthet1980sttotnursingtintthet1990strevealstthat:
a. intthet1990stnursingtexperiencedtatsignificanttreductiontoccurredtintpreventabletdis
easestcausedtbytunsafe/unhealthytlifestyles.
b. tuberculosistwastthetprimarytconcerntfortnursingtintthet1980s,twhereastthetAIDStepi
demictemergedtandtwastitstfocustduringtthet1990s.
c. atdecreasetintambulatorytservicestintthet1980stpromptedtantincreasetintpublictheal
thtnursestintthet1990s.
d. thetdemandtfortadvancedtpracticetnursestincreasedtintthet1980standtthet1990stastatresu
lttofttheteconomytandtconcerntabouttthethealthtoftthetnation.
ANS:t D
Thetnumberstoftadvancedtnursetpractitionerstincreasedtastevidencetofttheirtcost-
effectivenesstastproviderstoftprimarytandtpreventivethealthtcaretbecametestablished.
DIF:t t Comprehension REF:t t pp.t16-17
10. Whichtstatementtaccuratelytdescribestthethistoricaltperspectivetoftnursingtpractice?
a. Nursingthastexistedttotmeettthetneedstoftpopulations,tindividuals,tandtaggregatestbytpr
ovidingtcaretthattistdeterminedtbytthetneedstandtbeliefstoftsocietytintdifferentthistoricalt
contexts.
b. Astmentbeganttotbecometinterestedtintnursing,tittchangedtintotatrespectedtprof
essiontbasedtontscientifictfacttrathertthantsuperstition.
c. Nursingthasthistoricallytacceptedtindividualstfromtalltsocialtandtethnictba
ckgrounds.
d. ThetUnitedtStatesthastledtthetwaytthroughoutthistoryttotadvancetnursingtandtheal
thtcaretbytprovidingtthetfirstthospitaltandtmedicaltschool.
ANS:t A
Nursingthastexistedtsincetbiblicalttimesttotaddresstneedstrangingtfromtcontagioustdiseasestintearl
yttimesttothealthtpreventiontintthetpresentttime,twithtcaretbasedtonthealthtneedstandtbeliefstoftthett
ime.
DIF: Comprehension REF:t t p.t3t|pp.t18-19
11. Thetusetoftherbsthastbecometatpopulartalternativettotprescriptiontdrugstinttoday’sthealthtcaretmilie
u.tDuringtwhichtotherthistoricaltperiodstdidthealthtpracticestfocustontthetusetoftherbs?
a. PrehistoricttimestandtthetMiddletAges
b. CiviltWartperiodtandtWorldtWartI
