NRS 301 EXAM 4 (EAQ) QUESTIONS
WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS AND
RATED A.
A patient is in status epilepticus. What is an appropriate nursing action?
1
Apply restraints.
2
Hold the patient's limbs steady.
3
Administer intravenous pain medications.
4
Administer intravenous antiepileptic drug therapy.
4
During status epilepticus, the patient is unable to swallow medications, and the
appropriate treatment is to administer intravenous drug therapy to stop the
seizure. Pain medications are not necessary. The nurse should not restrain the
patient or hold the limbs during this time, but the nurse should make certain the
patient is not injured.
The nurse is administering morning medications. Which administration
technique is an error?
1
The nurse administers intravenous Dilantin with a filter.
2
The nurse administers phenobarbital elixir with fruit juice.
3
The nurse administers carbamazepine with grapefruit juice.
4
The nurse administers gabapentin without determining when the patient
ate.
,3
Carbamazepine is not to be given with grapefruit juice, as this can lead to
increased toxicity of the drug. Dilantin is administered intravenously (IV) with a
filter. Gabapentin can safely be given without regard to meals.
Phenobarbital elixir can be administered with fruit juice, but the oral pill form
of the drug should be given with water.
Which food will the nurse teach the patient to avoid while taking a
monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)? Select all that apply.
1
Figs
2
Cheese
3
Pepperoni
4
White bread
5
Smoked salmon
1, 2, 3, 5
Foods high in tyramine can cause reactions in patients taking MAOIs. Figs,
smoked fish, most cheeses, and sausage, including pepperoni, salami, and
bologna, all can contribute to a reaction. Patients should be taught about
foods to avoid and receive a list of substitute foods. White bread is safe to
eat while taking an MAOI.
Which is the most important benefit of a parenteral formulation of an
antipsychotic medication?
1
Patient consent for treatment is avoided.
2
Parenteral administration is faster than oral administration.
3
Parenteral formulation is more effective than oral formulations.
,4
Parenteral formulation improves adherence for acutely psychotic patients.
4
The primary benefit of administering a parenteral form of an antipsychotic
agent is that patient adherence to therapy improves because fewer doses are
required to achieve therapeutic effectiveness. It is very effective when used
for acutely psychotic patients. Parenteral antipsychotic agents are long-acting
medications. Route of administration does not have much effect on the drug's
effectiveness or duration of action. Patient consent for medication
administration is required regardless of the route of administration.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has chronically abused barbiturates.
Which assessment is a priority?
1
Heart rate
2
Temperature
3
Blood pressure
4
Respiratory rate
4
As barbiturate use continues, the dose needed to produce subjective effects
moves closer and closer to the dose that can cause respiratory arrest. Patients
never develop tolerance to respiratory depression. Although heart rate,
temperature, and blood pressure are important, they are not as high a
priority as respirations.
The nurse observes that a patient has hallucinations, delusions, and
agitation. The nurse determines that the patient most likely will be treated
for what condition?
1
Depression
2
, Complex anxiety
3
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
4
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia
3
Hallucinations, delusions, and agitation, along with combativeness and
paranoia, describe positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Negative symptoms
include decreased motivation, poor speech, blunted affect, and poor self-
care. Depression involves feeling little or no pleasure in doing things the
patient typically enjoys. Complex anxiety includes feeling restless and being
unable to relax.
The nurse is caring for a patient with Parkinson's disease who has been
prescribed levodopa/carbidopa. Which statement, if made by the patient,
indicates a need for further teaching?
1
"It's common to feel heart palpitations on this medication."
2
"I will come to a standing position slowly to avoid getting dizzy."
3
"I will take this medication with a high-protein meal to avoid nausea."
4
"I will take this medication on an empty stomach to achieve the maximum
effect."
3
Amino acids, found in protein, compete with levodopa/carbidopa for
absorption from the intestine and for transport across the blood-brain barrier;
therefore, patients should not take levodopa/carbidopa with a high-protein
meal. Therefore, if the patient expresses plans to take the medication with a
high-protein meal, this indicates a need for further teaching. Orthostatic
hypotension is a common side effect of this medication, and the patient should
come to a standing position slowly. The medication should be taken with food
to avoid nausea but not a high-protein meal. Heart palpitations are not
WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS AND
RATED A.
A patient is in status epilepticus. What is an appropriate nursing action?
1
Apply restraints.
2
Hold the patient's limbs steady.
3
Administer intravenous pain medications.
4
Administer intravenous antiepileptic drug therapy.
4
During status epilepticus, the patient is unable to swallow medications, and the
appropriate treatment is to administer intravenous drug therapy to stop the
seizure. Pain medications are not necessary. The nurse should not restrain the
patient or hold the limbs during this time, but the nurse should make certain the
patient is not injured.
The nurse is administering morning medications. Which administration
technique is an error?
1
The nurse administers intravenous Dilantin with a filter.
2
The nurse administers phenobarbital elixir with fruit juice.
3
The nurse administers carbamazepine with grapefruit juice.
4
The nurse administers gabapentin without determining when the patient
ate.
,3
Carbamazepine is not to be given with grapefruit juice, as this can lead to
increased toxicity of the drug. Dilantin is administered intravenously (IV) with a
filter. Gabapentin can safely be given without regard to meals.
Phenobarbital elixir can be administered with fruit juice, but the oral pill form
of the drug should be given with water.
Which food will the nurse teach the patient to avoid while taking a
monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)? Select all that apply.
1
Figs
2
Cheese
3
Pepperoni
4
White bread
5
Smoked salmon
1, 2, 3, 5
Foods high in tyramine can cause reactions in patients taking MAOIs. Figs,
smoked fish, most cheeses, and sausage, including pepperoni, salami, and
bologna, all can contribute to a reaction. Patients should be taught about
foods to avoid and receive a list of substitute foods. White bread is safe to
eat while taking an MAOI.
Which is the most important benefit of a parenteral formulation of an
antipsychotic medication?
1
Patient consent for treatment is avoided.
2
Parenteral administration is faster than oral administration.
3
Parenteral formulation is more effective than oral formulations.
,4
Parenteral formulation improves adherence for acutely psychotic patients.
4
The primary benefit of administering a parenteral form of an antipsychotic
agent is that patient adherence to therapy improves because fewer doses are
required to achieve therapeutic effectiveness. It is very effective when used
for acutely psychotic patients. Parenteral antipsychotic agents are long-acting
medications. Route of administration does not have much effect on the drug's
effectiveness or duration of action. Patient consent for medication
administration is required regardless of the route of administration.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has chronically abused barbiturates.
Which assessment is a priority?
1
Heart rate
2
Temperature
3
Blood pressure
4
Respiratory rate
4
As barbiturate use continues, the dose needed to produce subjective effects
moves closer and closer to the dose that can cause respiratory arrest. Patients
never develop tolerance to respiratory depression. Although heart rate,
temperature, and blood pressure are important, they are not as high a
priority as respirations.
The nurse observes that a patient has hallucinations, delusions, and
agitation. The nurse determines that the patient most likely will be treated
for what condition?
1
Depression
2
, Complex anxiety
3
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
4
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia
3
Hallucinations, delusions, and agitation, along with combativeness and
paranoia, describe positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Negative symptoms
include decreased motivation, poor speech, blunted affect, and poor self-
care. Depression involves feeling little or no pleasure in doing things the
patient typically enjoys. Complex anxiety includes feeling restless and being
unable to relax.
The nurse is caring for a patient with Parkinson's disease who has been
prescribed levodopa/carbidopa. Which statement, if made by the patient,
indicates a need for further teaching?
1
"It's common to feel heart palpitations on this medication."
2
"I will come to a standing position slowly to avoid getting dizzy."
3
"I will take this medication with a high-protein meal to avoid nausea."
4
"I will take this medication on an empty stomach to achieve the maximum
effect."
3
Amino acids, found in protein, compete with levodopa/carbidopa for
absorption from the intestine and for transport across the blood-brain barrier;
therefore, patients should not take levodopa/carbidopa with a high-protein
meal. Therefore, if the patient expresses plans to take the medication with a
high-protein meal, this indicates a need for further teaching. Orthostatic
hypotension is a common side effect of this medication, and the patient should
come to a standing position slowly. The medication should be taken with food
to avoid nausea but not a high-protein meal. Heart palpitations are not
