VERSION 2024-2025 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS |ALREADYGRADED A+
Applied Educational Research - ANSWER-*focuses on real-world
questions and applications
*focuses on answering real-world, practical questions in order to
provide relatively immediate solutions.
Nine criteria for good theory - ANSWER-1. is it logical?
2. is it parsimonious?
3. does it fit the data?
4. does it provide testable claims?
5. have theory based predictions been tested?
6. has it survived falsification?
7. does it work better?
8. is it general enough?
9. can it be used to influence?
parsimonious - ANSWER-simple, concise, and succinct
criterion of falsfiability - ANSWER-Do the outcomes support the
theory after many tests?
,empiricism - ANSWER-the idea that all knowledge comes from
experience empirical statement - ANSWER-a statement based on
observation, experiment, or experience
*capable of being verified or disproved*
Reasoning or Rationalism - ANSWER-philosophical idea that
reason is the primary source of knowledge
*two major types are deductive and inductive*
deductive reasoning - ANSWER-process of drawing a
conclusion that is essentially true if the underlying premises are
true.
*syllogism*
inductive reasoning - ANSWER-holds that the foundational
premises act as helpful, but not decisive reasons towards
acceptance of a conclusion *probabilistic*
probabilistic - ANSWER-stating what is probably to occur, not
what will necessarily occur, thereby opening himself up to a risk
of being wrong
problem of induction - ANSWER-the future might not resemble
the past
, science - ANSWER-an approach to the generation of knowledge
holding empirical data in high regard and follows certain norms
and practices that developed over time, because of their
usefullness
psychological factors - ANSWER-characteristics of individuals
and individuallevel phenomena.
*example - learning disabilities*
Social psychological factors - ANSWER-examine how
individuals interact and relate to one another and how groups
and individuals affect one another.
*example: middle school cliques*
Sociological factors - ANSWER-examine how groups form and
change; documenting the characteristics of groups; studying
intergroup relations; and studying group-level phenomena, such
as cultural, social, political, familial, and economic institutions.
*example: high school government relations*
Features of Science Research - ANSWER-1. make empirical
observations
2. generate and test hypotheses
3. generate and test theories