BIO 202 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
Adenohypophysis = _?_ Correct Answers Anterior pituitary
ADH and oxytocin are produced in the _?_ and stored in the _?_
Correct Answers Produced in the hypothalamus and stored in
the neurohypophysis
ADH is also known as _?_ Correct Answers Antidiuretic
hormone
Adrenergic vs. muscarinic receptor in cardiac pacemaker tissue
Correct Answers Parasympathetic hits Muscarinic ACh
Muscarinic - slows heart down
Since adrenergic stimulation can increase the activity of these
channels, this is an explanation for why the risk of sudden death
in individuals with LQTS is increased during increased
adrenergic states (i.e., exercise, excitement)
Anatomical and physiological relationship between the
hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. Correct Answers The
hypothalamus is just superior to the anterior pituitary
Hypothalamus makes the hormones and they are stored and
stimulated in the anterior pituitary.
ANP and BNP Correct Answers Atrial natriuretic peptide
(ANP)
Produced by cells in right atrium
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
Produced by ventricular muscle cells
,The wall of the atrium releases ANP and the ventricle releses
BNP - these two go to the kidneys - tell them to get rid of the
sodium (and therefore water) - should decrease his blood
pressure
Antigens vs antibodies Correct Answers Antigens
- unique molecules on cell surface
- used to distinguish self from foreign
- foreign antigens generate immune response
Antibodies
- secreted by plasma cells
- as part of immune response to foreign matter
Arteries vs. veins - anatomical and physiological differences
Correct Answers Arteries - strong and thick
Veins - smushed, valves
Baroreceptros Correct Answers Changes in BP detected by
stretch receptors (baroreceptors), in large arteries above heart
Aortic arch
Carotid sinus (base of each internal carotid artery)
Be familiar with the general values found in a CBC, especially,
hematocrit, hemoglobin, and WBC count. Correct Answers
Complete blood count
A LOT MORE RBC (millions) than WBC (thousands)
Platelets (hundred thousands)
Hematocrit - around 35-55%
Hemoglobin - around 12-18
,Briefly, list AND describe the endocrine tissues of other
systems. Yes, we will cover these in detail as the semester
progresses, but you still need to be familiar with them for this
unit! Correct Answers Many organs of other body systems
have secondary endocrine functions
Intestines (digestive system)
Kidneys (urinary system)
Heart (cardiovascular system)
Thymus (lymphoid system and immunity)
Gonads (reproductive system)
Breast Tissue (reproductive system)
Can preload be increased indefinitely? Why or why not?
Correct Answers It can be strengthened, but it can also get
overstretched if too much blood is going in, but efficiency goes
down with stretching
Cardiac muscle vs. skeletal muscle action potential Correct
Answers
Clotting cascade and the formation of fibrin Correct Answers
CO (Carbon Monoxide) Correct Answers Has 40x the affinity
of oxygen for hemoglobin (Carbon monoxide really really loves
hemoglobin)
Compare and contrast albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen.
Correct Answers All are in plasma
Albumin: most abundant
Globulins: transport, clotting, immunity
Fibrinogen: framework of blood clot
, Albumins help transport substances:
Fatty acids
Thyroid hormones
Steroid hormones
*Hormones that are not attached to a carrier protein are called
what?
Globulins
Antibodies, also called immunoglobulins (more on this in a few
weeks)
Transport globulins (small molecules):
Hormone-binding proteins
Metalloproteins
Carry metal ions
Apolipoproteins (lipoproteins)
I.E. Triglycerides
Steroid-binding proteins
I.E. Testosterone
Compare and contrast angina and an infarction. How would the
symptoms differ? Correct Answers Angina pectoris - partial
obstruction of coronary blood flow can cause chest pain; pain
caused by ischemia (restricted blood flow), often activity
dependent
Myocardial infarction - complete obstruction causes death of
cardiac cells in affected area; pain or pressure in chest that often
radiates down left arm
Compare and contrast blood flow and perfusion. Correct
Answers Blood flow: RATE of blood flowing through a tissue
in a given time (ml/min)
Adenohypophysis = _?_ Correct Answers Anterior pituitary
ADH and oxytocin are produced in the _?_ and stored in the _?_
Correct Answers Produced in the hypothalamus and stored in
the neurohypophysis
ADH is also known as _?_ Correct Answers Antidiuretic
hormone
Adrenergic vs. muscarinic receptor in cardiac pacemaker tissue
Correct Answers Parasympathetic hits Muscarinic ACh
Muscarinic - slows heart down
Since adrenergic stimulation can increase the activity of these
channels, this is an explanation for why the risk of sudden death
in individuals with LQTS is increased during increased
adrenergic states (i.e., exercise, excitement)
Anatomical and physiological relationship between the
hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. Correct Answers The
hypothalamus is just superior to the anterior pituitary
Hypothalamus makes the hormones and they are stored and
stimulated in the anterior pituitary.
ANP and BNP Correct Answers Atrial natriuretic peptide
(ANP)
Produced by cells in right atrium
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)
Produced by ventricular muscle cells
,The wall of the atrium releases ANP and the ventricle releses
BNP - these two go to the kidneys - tell them to get rid of the
sodium (and therefore water) - should decrease his blood
pressure
Antigens vs antibodies Correct Answers Antigens
- unique molecules on cell surface
- used to distinguish self from foreign
- foreign antigens generate immune response
Antibodies
- secreted by plasma cells
- as part of immune response to foreign matter
Arteries vs. veins - anatomical and physiological differences
Correct Answers Arteries - strong and thick
Veins - smushed, valves
Baroreceptros Correct Answers Changes in BP detected by
stretch receptors (baroreceptors), in large arteries above heart
Aortic arch
Carotid sinus (base of each internal carotid artery)
Be familiar with the general values found in a CBC, especially,
hematocrit, hemoglobin, and WBC count. Correct Answers
Complete blood count
A LOT MORE RBC (millions) than WBC (thousands)
Platelets (hundred thousands)
Hematocrit - around 35-55%
Hemoglobin - around 12-18
,Briefly, list AND describe the endocrine tissues of other
systems. Yes, we will cover these in detail as the semester
progresses, but you still need to be familiar with them for this
unit! Correct Answers Many organs of other body systems
have secondary endocrine functions
Intestines (digestive system)
Kidneys (urinary system)
Heart (cardiovascular system)
Thymus (lymphoid system and immunity)
Gonads (reproductive system)
Breast Tissue (reproductive system)
Can preload be increased indefinitely? Why or why not?
Correct Answers It can be strengthened, but it can also get
overstretched if too much blood is going in, but efficiency goes
down with stretching
Cardiac muscle vs. skeletal muscle action potential Correct
Answers
Clotting cascade and the formation of fibrin Correct Answers
CO (Carbon Monoxide) Correct Answers Has 40x the affinity
of oxygen for hemoglobin (Carbon monoxide really really loves
hemoglobin)
Compare and contrast albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen.
Correct Answers All are in plasma
Albumin: most abundant
Globulins: transport, clotting, immunity
Fibrinogen: framework of blood clot
, Albumins help transport substances:
Fatty acids
Thyroid hormones
Steroid hormones
*Hormones that are not attached to a carrier protein are called
what?
Globulins
Antibodies, also called immunoglobulins (more on this in a few
weeks)
Transport globulins (small molecules):
Hormone-binding proteins
Metalloproteins
Carry metal ions
Apolipoproteins (lipoproteins)
I.E. Triglycerides
Steroid-binding proteins
I.E. Testosterone
Compare and contrast angina and an infarction. How would the
symptoms differ? Correct Answers Angina pectoris - partial
obstruction of coronary blood flow can cause chest pain; pain
caused by ischemia (restricted blood flow), often activity
dependent
Myocardial infarction - complete obstruction causes death of
cardiac cells in affected area; pain or pressure in chest that often
radiates down left arm
Compare and contrast blood flow and perfusion. Correct
Answers Blood flow: RATE of blood flowing through a tissue
in a given time (ml/min)
