Risk factors for melanoma - ANSWER Excessive UV exposure
Nevi
Light skin, freckling, red, or blond hair
Family history of melanoma
History of immunosuppressive therapy
Increasing age
Male sex
Previous melanoma
Screening for Melanoma - ANSWER Skin exam every 3 years between ages
20-40 and annually > age 40
Primarily skin self-exam beginning at age 20
What are appendages - ANSWER Hair, nails and glands (eccrine, apocrine,
sebaceuos)
Eccrine Glands - ANSWER Most numerous sweat glands of the body. In
greatest number on palms, soles and forehead
Apocrine Glands - ANSWER Found in the axillae, nipples, areola, anogenital
area, eyelids and external ears. Activity associated with puberty and body odor.
Sebaceous Glands - ANSWER Secrete sebum. Greatest distribution on face
and scalp.
, Abnormal Nail Findings - ANSWER Koilonychia, Leukonychia, Clubbing,
Beau's Lines, Pitting
Koilonychia - ANSWER Spoon Nail: thin, depressed nail with the lateral
edges turned upward. Associated with anemia
Leukonychia - ANSWER White spots on the nail plates. Caused by minor
trauma or manipulation of the cuticle
Clubbing - ANSWER The angle of the nail base is greater than 180 degrees.
Associated with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular disease.
Beau's Lines - ANSWER A groove or transverse depression running across the
nail. Result from trauma. Appears like chipping of nail polish from the base of
the nail toward the tip of the nail.
Pitting - ANSWER Associated with psoriasis. Appears as "golf-ball" nails
Expected changes in skin, hair, and nails with aging - ANSWER Dry skin, less
perspiration, folding and wrinkling appearance of skin due to loss of elasticity,
skin pallor and cooler skin temperature, gray hair, thinning scalp, axillary, and
pubic hair, thicker nails that are brittle hard and yellowish. Nails develop ridges
and are prone to splitting into layers.
When documenting findings. - ANSWER always measure in cm
Nevi
Light skin, freckling, red, or blond hair
Family history of melanoma
History of immunosuppressive therapy
Increasing age
Male sex
Previous melanoma
Screening for Melanoma - ANSWER Skin exam every 3 years between ages
20-40 and annually > age 40
Primarily skin self-exam beginning at age 20
What are appendages - ANSWER Hair, nails and glands (eccrine, apocrine,
sebaceuos)
Eccrine Glands - ANSWER Most numerous sweat glands of the body. In
greatest number on palms, soles and forehead
Apocrine Glands - ANSWER Found in the axillae, nipples, areola, anogenital
area, eyelids and external ears. Activity associated with puberty and body odor.
Sebaceous Glands - ANSWER Secrete sebum. Greatest distribution on face
and scalp.
, Abnormal Nail Findings - ANSWER Koilonychia, Leukonychia, Clubbing,
Beau's Lines, Pitting
Koilonychia - ANSWER Spoon Nail: thin, depressed nail with the lateral
edges turned upward. Associated with anemia
Leukonychia - ANSWER White spots on the nail plates. Caused by minor
trauma or manipulation of the cuticle
Clubbing - ANSWER The angle of the nail base is greater than 180 degrees.
Associated with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular disease.
Beau's Lines - ANSWER A groove or transverse depression running across the
nail. Result from trauma. Appears like chipping of nail polish from the base of
the nail toward the tip of the nail.
Pitting - ANSWER Associated with psoriasis. Appears as "golf-ball" nails
Expected changes in skin, hair, and nails with aging - ANSWER Dry skin, less
perspiration, folding and wrinkling appearance of skin due to loss of elasticity,
skin pallor and cooler skin temperature, gray hair, thinning scalp, axillary, and
pubic hair, thicker nails that are brittle hard and yellowish. Nails develop ridges
and are prone to splitting into layers.
When documenting findings. - ANSWER always measure in cm
