NS119 STUDY GUIDE EXAM EVALUATION QUESTIONS
WITH ANSWERS 2025/2026
Pollution - -A harmful chemical/waste discharged into the air, water or soil
Air pollution - -Occurs inside and outside
-Outdoor-motor vehicle emissions, factories, power plants, tobacco smoke
-Indoor- radon, carbon monoxide, dust mites, tobacco smoke
Water pollution - -Affects rivers, lakes, streams
-Caused from inadequately treated or inappropriate amounts of human, industrial or
agricultural waste exposure in water source
-May be unsafe for consumption
Soil pollution - -Caused from improper waste disposal and excessive use of pesticides
-Industrial, agricultural, and manufacturing plants
-Radioactive and medical waste
-Household products may also pose a risk
Noise pollution - May cause adverse health effects after prolonged exposure- (hearing
loss, stress, elevated BP, loss of sleep)
-Caused from road traffic, airplanes, buses, trucks, construction equipment
Risk factors for pregnancy/growing fetus - - smoking
- doing drugs cause issues.
- drinking alcohol gives a lot of bad issues to the baby.
- x-rays in first trimester
- feline feces/litter (toxoplasmosis)
- some vaccinations
Neonates and infant risk factors - At risk for burns, falls, choking, poisoning.
Educate parents about rear facing car seats and make sure they are upright while
eating to help with choking.
Toddlers Risk Factors - Falls, poisoning, fires, burns, electricity, firearms,
water/drowning, abuse.
They are into everything and copy adults a lot so need to encourage caregivers to not
take meds around toddler. Need to teach about who touches their private areas.
Preschool age risk factors - Falls, fire and burn safety, car seat safety and personal
safety.
good because parents can teach child how to protect themselves.
,School age children Risk factors - At risk for injuries related to personal safety, burns,
recreational safety, firearms and water safety.
These injuries are common cause of mortality or morbidity. Can also be taught about
how to avoid these.
Adolescents risk factors - Risk for injuries begin to increase because of being able to
drive.
Risks: Car safety, water safety, substance use/abuse, violence, suicide,
tattoos/piercings from bad places, sun safety.
Adults risk factors - Overdose related concerns are on the rise for this group. Risk
factors include: Stress, substance/alcohol abuse, intimate partner violence, MVC,
Workplace accidents, poisoning, suicide.
Older adult risk factors - At risk for accidents related to decline in cognitive/physical
abilities that include:
- car accidents
- burns
- falls
- medication related accidents
- elevator incidents
Lifestyle Risk factors - •Participating in potentially dangerous sports/hobbies
•Lack of helmet/seat belt/protective equipment
•Use of firearms-storage practices
•Location of living arrangements- crime
•Type of occupations may pose a risk
•Smoking/Substance Abuse/Alcohol
•Nutritional Status
•Sexual Practices
Mobility risk factors - •Impaired mobility may cause the inability to respond in the event
of an emergency
•Homes should be accessible for the clients mobility status
•Is a leading cause and precursor to falls
•Goal is to enhance independent mobility to allow client to be as independent as
possible
Sensory impairment risk factors - Clients with the following are at a greater risk factor
for impairment:
•Vision Impairment
•Communication Impairment
•Auditory Impairment
•Olfactory Impairment
, Tactile Impairment
Safety awareness risk factors - Poor safety awareness due to lack of education and
understanding of potential exposures can place the client at an increased risk for
accidents.
•Access clients ability to understand directions
•Evaluate accident prevention needs in the home
•Educate about the importance of safety awareness promotion
Allergic reaction risk factors - •Certain allergens may put individuals at risk for
anaphylaxis
•Encourage clients to be tested for various allergies
•ALWAYS have medication on hand to reduce allergen sensitivity in the event of
exposure
Strategies for fall prevention - clear walkways, remove rugs, use handrails when
available, use non-skid mats and socks. implement fall risk assessment tool
Strategies for fire prevention - Encourage working alarms, supervise kids around fire,
know an evacuation plan and where all extinguishers are located.
Strategies to prevent poisoning - keep meds locked away, remove plants that may be
poisonous, be careful around heaters that emit fumes, use cleaning agents in well
ventilated areas without mixing products.
Pollution prevention - Do not throw trash on ground, recycle when able to, go to
emission testing, clean regularly, avoid outdoor pollution if possible.
Avoiding Chemical hazards in the workplace - Should be locked ALWAYS, should be
prepared and stored according to guidelines, MDS sheet is required for all chemicals
that includes exposure risk and dilution directions.
Avoiding compressed gas/anesthetic gas hazard in the workplace - Empty and full tanks
need to be stored properly in environment controlled area that is locked. No Smoking
signs posted around ares with compressed gas, note the compressed gas that's active
on the walls of the patient rooms.
Avoiding disinfectant and cleaning agent hazard in the workplace - MSDS data sheet
has to be on file for all chemicals used, must be mixed properly, must be locked and
stored away from patients at all times. Do not ever mix chemicals unless instructed to
do so.
Avoiding exposure to hazardous drugs in the workplace - Medication should be mixed in
proper hood vent with PPE, exposure can lead to poisoning, infertility and possibly
cancer. Always read the labels carefully.
WITH ANSWERS 2025/2026
Pollution - -A harmful chemical/waste discharged into the air, water or soil
Air pollution - -Occurs inside and outside
-Outdoor-motor vehicle emissions, factories, power plants, tobacco smoke
-Indoor- radon, carbon monoxide, dust mites, tobacco smoke
Water pollution - -Affects rivers, lakes, streams
-Caused from inadequately treated or inappropriate amounts of human, industrial or
agricultural waste exposure in water source
-May be unsafe for consumption
Soil pollution - -Caused from improper waste disposal and excessive use of pesticides
-Industrial, agricultural, and manufacturing plants
-Radioactive and medical waste
-Household products may also pose a risk
Noise pollution - May cause adverse health effects after prolonged exposure- (hearing
loss, stress, elevated BP, loss of sleep)
-Caused from road traffic, airplanes, buses, trucks, construction equipment
Risk factors for pregnancy/growing fetus - - smoking
- doing drugs cause issues.
- drinking alcohol gives a lot of bad issues to the baby.
- x-rays in first trimester
- feline feces/litter (toxoplasmosis)
- some vaccinations
Neonates and infant risk factors - At risk for burns, falls, choking, poisoning.
Educate parents about rear facing car seats and make sure they are upright while
eating to help with choking.
Toddlers Risk Factors - Falls, poisoning, fires, burns, electricity, firearms,
water/drowning, abuse.
They are into everything and copy adults a lot so need to encourage caregivers to not
take meds around toddler. Need to teach about who touches their private areas.
Preschool age risk factors - Falls, fire and burn safety, car seat safety and personal
safety.
good because parents can teach child how to protect themselves.
,School age children Risk factors - At risk for injuries related to personal safety, burns,
recreational safety, firearms and water safety.
These injuries are common cause of mortality or morbidity. Can also be taught about
how to avoid these.
Adolescents risk factors - Risk for injuries begin to increase because of being able to
drive.
Risks: Car safety, water safety, substance use/abuse, violence, suicide,
tattoos/piercings from bad places, sun safety.
Adults risk factors - Overdose related concerns are on the rise for this group. Risk
factors include: Stress, substance/alcohol abuse, intimate partner violence, MVC,
Workplace accidents, poisoning, suicide.
Older adult risk factors - At risk for accidents related to decline in cognitive/physical
abilities that include:
- car accidents
- burns
- falls
- medication related accidents
- elevator incidents
Lifestyle Risk factors - •Participating in potentially dangerous sports/hobbies
•Lack of helmet/seat belt/protective equipment
•Use of firearms-storage practices
•Location of living arrangements- crime
•Type of occupations may pose a risk
•Smoking/Substance Abuse/Alcohol
•Nutritional Status
•Sexual Practices
Mobility risk factors - •Impaired mobility may cause the inability to respond in the event
of an emergency
•Homes should be accessible for the clients mobility status
•Is a leading cause and precursor to falls
•Goal is to enhance independent mobility to allow client to be as independent as
possible
Sensory impairment risk factors - Clients with the following are at a greater risk factor
for impairment:
•Vision Impairment
•Communication Impairment
•Auditory Impairment
•Olfactory Impairment
, Tactile Impairment
Safety awareness risk factors - Poor safety awareness due to lack of education and
understanding of potential exposures can place the client at an increased risk for
accidents.
•Access clients ability to understand directions
•Evaluate accident prevention needs in the home
•Educate about the importance of safety awareness promotion
Allergic reaction risk factors - •Certain allergens may put individuals at risk for
anaphylaxis
•Encourage clients to be tested for various allergies
•ALWAYS have medication on hand to reduce allergen sensitivity in the event of
exposure
Strategies for fall prevention - clear walkways, remove rugs, use handrails when
available, use non-skid mats and socks. implement fall risk assessment tool
Strategies for fire prevention - Encourage working alarms, supervise kids around fire,
know an evacuation plan and where all extinguishers are located.
Strategies to prevent poisoning - keep meds locked away, remove plants that may be
poisonous, be careful around heaters that emit fumes, use cleaning agents in well
ventilated areas without mixing products.
Pollution prevention - Do not throw trash on ground, recycle when able to, go to
emission testing, clean regularly, avoid outdoor pollution if possible.
Avoiding Chemical hazards in the workplace - Should be locked ALWAYS, should be
prepared and stored according to guidelines, MDS sheet is required for all chemicals
that includes exposure risk and dilution directions.
Avoiding compressed gas/anesthetic gas hazard in the workplace - Empty and full tanks
need to be stored properly in environment controlled area that is locked. No Smoking
signs posted around ares with compressed gas, note the compressed gas that's active
on the walls of the patient rooms.
Avoiding disinfectant and cleaning agent hazard in the workplace - MSDS data sheet
has to be on file for all chemicals used, must be mixed properly, must be locked and
stored away from patients at all times. Do not ever mix chemicals unless instructed to
do so.
Avoiding exposure to hazardous drugs in the workplace - Medication should be mixed in
proper hood vent with PPE, exposure can lead to poisoning, infertility and possibly
cancer. Always read the labels carefully.
