PSYC 365 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE
Shaping
Reinforcement dependent on behaviour that was increasingly like the goal behaviour - new behaviour is
the goal
Fading
The discrimination stimuli for the response were gradually changed so they became increasingly like the
goal discriminative stimuli
Delayed Prompting
At first responding to the discriminative stimuli was prompted, and over time the prompts were
presented only after a delay following the presentation of stimuli. has to be absence of prompt
eventually
Extra Stimulus
Fading - Something NOT part of original environment added to it
Within Stimulus
Fading - Part of, just altered to make more "noticeable"
Stimulus Discrimination Training
Trained to répond selectively through use of differential consequences.
,Successive Discrimination
shown "one at a time"
Verball Discrimination
written words (verbal stimuli)
Multiple-Stimulus, Multiple Reponse Discrimination
More than one stimulus and more than one response was used
Simultaneous discrimination
The S-dee and the S-delta were presented at the same time
Matching-to-sample Discrimination
Match a sample stimulus (word card) with comparison stimulus (the words in the sentence card)
Prompt
a discriminative stimulus that is presented with the INTENT to strengthen a response
Avoidance Conditioning
is a contingency in which a behaviour presents an aversive stimuli from occurring thereby resulting in an
increase in the frequency of that behaviour. PREVENT - aversive stimuli -
Escape Conditioning ( negative reinforcement)
The removal of the aversive stimuli was contingent on the target behaviour.
Negative reinforcement (escape conditioning)
, The word NEGATIVE indicates that the strengthening effect occurs because the response leads to the
removal (taking away) of an aversive stimuli
Unconditioned Punishers
Stimuli that are punishers without prior learning (pain receptors, pressure, temp, tissue damage)
Avoidance Warning Stimulus (conditioned aversive stimulus)
stimulus that signals a forth coming aversive stimulus. (see something coming your way . you duck)
Avoidance Discriminated Conditioning
Avoidance conditioning includes a warning signal that enables the person to discriminate a forth coming
aversive stimulus. (penalties, so pay taxes)
Escape Response
Removes a aversive Stimulus that has already occurred
Avoidance Response
Prevents an aversive stimulus from occurring at all
used when SHAPING
topography, intensity, duration, frequency
Behaviour decreases in frequency with:
punishment , response cost, time out
Behaviour increases in frequency with:
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++ LATEST UPDATE
Shaping
Reinforcement dependent on behaviour that was increasingly like the goal behaviour - new behaviour is
the goal
Fading
The discrimination stimuli for the response were gradually changed so they became increasingly like the
goal discriminative stimuli
Delayed Prompting
At first responding to the discriminative stimuli was prompted, and over time the prompts were
presented only after a delay following the presentation of stimuli. has to be absence of prompt
eventually
Extra Stimulus
Fading - Something NOT part of original environment added to it
Within Stimulus
Fading - Part of, just altered to make more "noticeable"
Stimulus Discrimination Training
Trained to répond selectively through use of differential consequences.
,Successive Discrimination
shown "one at a time"
Verball Discrimination
written words (verbal stimuli)
Multiple-Stimulus, Multiple Reponse Discrimination
More than one stimulus and more than one response was used
Simultaneous discrimination
The S-dee and the S-delta were presented at the same time
Matching-to-sample Discrimination
Match a sample stimulus (word card) with comparison stimulus (the words in the sentence card)
Prompt
a discriminative stimulus that is presented with the INTENT to strengthen a response
Avoidance Conditioning
is a contingency in which a behaviour presents an aversive stimuli from occurring thereby resulting in an
increase in the frequency of that behaviour. PREVENT - aversive stimuli -
Escape Conditioning ( negative reinforcement)
The removal of the aversive stimuli was contingent on the target behaviour.
Negative reinforcement (escape conditioning)
, The word NEGATIVE indicates that the strengthening effect occurs because the response leads to the
removal (taking away) of an aversive stimuli
Unconditioned Punishers
Stimuli that are punishers without prior learning (pain receptors, pressure, temp, tissue damage)
Avoidance Warning Stimulus (conditioned aversive stimulus)
stimulus that signals a forth coming aversive stimulus. (see something coming your way . you duck)
Avoidance Discriminated Conditioning
Avoidance conditioning includes a warning signal that enables the person to discriminate a forth coming
aversive stimulus. (penalties, so pay taxes)
Escape Response
Removes a aversive Stimulus that has already occurred
Avoidance Response
Prevents an aversive stimulus from occurring at all
used when SHAPING
topography, intensity, duration, frequency
Behaviour decreases in frequency with:
punishment , response cost, time out
Behaviour increases in frequency with:
