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NUR
NUR 210 / NUR210 F INAL EXAM : (NEW 2025/
2026 UPDATE) PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY GUIDE|
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100% CORRECT
(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)- GALEN
Location of cervical lymph nodes - ANS ✓perauricular
posterior auricular
occipital
superficial cervical
posterior cervical
supraclavicular
submandibular
submental
deep cervical
Quadrants of the breast - ANS ✓UIQ
LIQ
UOQ
LOQ
tail of Spence
you would obviously verify R or L Breast
*breast cancer occurs most commonly in the upper outer quadrants of breast*
axillary lymph nodes - ANS ✓Lateral
central
posterior (subscapular)
pectoral (anterior)
peripheral pulse locations - ANS ✓temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal,
posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis
What are the quadrants of the abdomen? - ANS ✓right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant,
right lower quadrant, left lower quadrant
what are the regions of the abdomen - ANS ✓epigastric
umbillical
hypogastric/suprapubic
acute heart failure - ANS ✓-Heart muscle weakens and enlarges.
NUR 210
, 2
NUR
-Loses ability to pump blood adequately
-Compensatory mechanisms fail.
-Lungs and periphery become congested.
can happen after heart attack
Chronic heart failure - ANS ✓a condition that occurs when the heart is damaged or weak and
is unable to effectively pump blood throughout the body
always having to pump against increased pressure
*usually develops over time*
common areas that hernias occur - ANS ✓epigastic
umbilical
femoral
inguinal
structures of female reproductive system - ANS ✓
structures of the male reproductive system - ANS ✓
Head and mouth of the aging adult - ANS ✓○Temporal arteries may look twisted and
prominent
○ Senile tremors (yes and no motion)
○ Tongue protrusion
○ Lower face looks small
○ Mouth sunken in
○ Increased anterior cervical
○ Low and limited ROM
nose of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Prominent → loss of subcutaneous fat
○ Decrease smell → anosmia
○ Nose hair grow
○ Deviated septum→ only significant if airflow is
obstructed
Skin of aging adult - ANS ✓○ Loss of turgor in skin
○ Wrinkles
○ Decrease elasticity
○ Thin
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, 3
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nails of aging adult - ANS ✓○ Yellow
○ Thicken
hair of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Color and texture change in hair
○ Less pubic hair
eyes of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Sunken→ loss of orbital fat
○ Cataracts
○ Decrease vision
○ " sparkle
○ " tear production
○ Loss of eyelashes and eyebrows
○ Need more time to adjust to dark
○ Lens loosed elasticity
difficulty distinguishing color
intolerance to glare
delayed papillary reaction to light
thin gray white ring around cornea ( arcus senllis)
Neuro of the again adult - ANS ✓○ Slower response
○ Decrease coordination
○ Senile tremor
○ M strength and size decrease
○ Deep tendon reflex less brisk
○ Decrease acute sensory
○ Decrease coordination
○ Increase fall in injury risk
some short term memory decline
increased difficulty learning complex or abstract data
fewer brain cell, small brain volume, deterioration of nerve cells and few neurotrANSmitter
lung and thorax of the again adult - ANS ✓○ Increased AP diameter → barrel shape/
kyphosis
○ Bony prominences
○ Decreased chest expANSion
○ Calcified costal cartilage → less mobile thorax
○ Increased risk of pneumonia
○ Impaired gas exchange
○ Cough less effective
ear of the aging adult - ANS ✓Cillia becomes stiff
Cerumen becomes dry
hearing loss
loss of high frequency tones (presbycusis)
thickening of tympanic membrane
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, 4
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mouth of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Loss of taste buds
○ Decrease in saliva
○ Receding gums
○ tongue becomes smooth
darkening of teeth
gum disease due to inadequate oral hygiene
breast of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Atrophy of breast tissue "Everything goes south"
○ Decreased breast size and elasticity
geniourinary and rectal of the aging female - ANS ✓Menopause (ovulation may still occur
after menopause)
Uterus shrinks in size because of decreased myometrium
Ovaries atrophy to 1 to 2 cm and are not palpable after menopause
Ovulation still may occur sporadically after menopause
Uterus droops as sacral ligaments relax and pelvic musculature weakens
Cervix shrinks, looks paler, thick, glistening epithelium
Vagina shortens and becomes more narrow less elastic
Periods become further apart and flow becomes lighter
hot flashes
decreased estrogen
leads to physical changes
Irritability
dryness or loss of hair on head, pubic area, axillary
pain during intercourse, reduce sex drive→ reduce vaginal discharge
osteoporosis (bones weaken w/ less estrogen)
musculoskeletal of the aging adult - ANS ✓Brittleness of bones
Mm. atrophy
Mm. mass declines
Shortening of vertebral column (posture changes)
Bony prominences
Limited ROM
cardiac of the aging adult - ANS ✓Stiffening of the aorta → increase systolic BP
Orthostatic hypotension can lead to syncope
HR decrease w/ age
Decreased capillary refill
Premature heartbeat
Atherosclerosis
Pulmonary embolism
Increased risk for deep vein thrombosis
systolic BP increases
heart valves stiffen due to calcification
L ventricle stiffens
NUR 210
NUR
NUR 210 / NUR210 F INAL EXAM : (NEW 2025/
2026 UPDATE) PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOLOGY GUIDE|
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS| GRADE A| 100% CORRECT
(VERIFIED SOLUTIONS)- GALEN
Location of cervical lymph nodes - ANS ✓perauricular
posterior auricular
occipital
superficial cervical
posterior cervical
supraclavicular
submandibular
submental
deep cervical
Quadrants of the breast - ANS ✓UIQ
LIQ
UOQ
LOQ
tail of Spence
you would obviously verify R or L Breast
*breast cancer occurs most commonly in the upper outer quadrants of breast*
axillary lymph nodes - ANS ✓Lateral
central
posterior (subscapular)
pectoral (anterior)
peripheral pulse locations - ANS ✓temporal, carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal,
posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis
What are the quadrants of the abdomen? - ANS ✓right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant,
right lower quadrant, left lower quadrant
what are the regions of the abdomen - ANS ✓epigastric
umbillical
hypogastric/suprapubic
acute heart failure - ANS ✓-Heart muscle weakens and enlarges.
NUR 210
, 2
NUR
-Loses ability to pump blood adequately
-Compensatory mechanisms fail.
-Lungs and periphery become congested.
can happen after heart attack
Chronic heart failure - ANS ✓a condition that occurs when the heart is damaged or weak and
is unable to effectively pump blood throughout the body
always having to pump against increased pressure
*usually develops over time*
common areas that hernias occur - ANS ✓epigastic
umbilical
femoral
inguinal
structures of female reproductive system - ANS ✓
structures of the male reproductive system - ANS ✓
Head and mouth of the aging adult - ANS ✓○Temporal arteries may look twisted and
prominent
○ Senile tremors (yes and no motion)
○ Tongue protrusion
○ Lower face looks small
○ Mouth sunken in
○ Increased anterior cervical
○ Low and limited ROM
nose of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Prominent → loss of subcutaneous fat
○ Decrease smell → anosmia
○ Nose hair grow
○ Deviated septum→ only significant if airflow is
obstructed
Skin of aging adult - ANS ✓○ Loss of turgor in skin
○ Wrinkles
○ Decrease elasticity
○ Thin
NUR 210
, 3
NUR
nails of aging adult - ANS ✓○ Yellow
○ Thicken
hair of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Color and texture change in hair
○ Less pubic hair
eyes of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Sunken→ loss of orbital fat
○ Cataracts
○ Decrease vision
○ " sparkle
○ " tear production
○ Loss of eyelashes and eyebrows
○ Need more time to adjust to dark
○ Lens loosed elasticity
difficulty distinguishing color
intolerance to glare
delayed papillary reaction to light
thin gray white ring around cornea ( arcus senllis)
Neuro of the again adult - ANS ✓○ Slower response
○ Decrease coordination
○ Senile tremor
○ M strength and size decrease
○ Deep tendon reflex less brisk
○ Decrease acute sensory
○ Decrease coordination
○ Increase fall in injury risk
some short term memory decline
increased difficulty learning complex or abstract data
fewer brain cell, small brain volume, deterioration of nerve cells and few neurotrANSmitter
lung and thorax of the again adult - ANS ✓○ Increased AP diameter → barrel shape/
kyphosis
○ Bony prominences
○ Decreased chest expANSion
○ Calcified costal cartilage → less mobile thorax
○ Increased risk of pneumonia
○ Impaired gas exchange
○ Cough less effective
ear of the aging adult - ANS ✓Cillia becomes stiff
Cerumen becomes dry
hearing loss
loss of high frequency tones (presbycusis)
thickening of tympanic membrane
NUR 210
, 4
NUR
mouth of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Loss of taste buds
○ Decrease in saliva
○ Receding gums
○ tongue becomes smooth
darkening of teeth
gum disease due to inadequate oral hygiene
breast of the aging adult - ANS ✓○ Atrophy of breast tissue "Everything goes south"
○ Decreased breast size and elasticity
geniourinary and rectal of the aging female - ANS ✓Menopause (ovulation may still occur
after menopause)
Uterus shrinks in size because of decreased myometrium
Ovaries atrophy to 1 to 2 cm and are not palpable after menopause
Ovulation still may occur sporadically after menopause
Uterus droops as sacral ligaments relax and pelvic musculature weakens
Cervix shrinks, looks paler, thick, glistening epithelium
Vagina shortens and becomes more narrow less elastic
Periods become further apart and flow becomes lighter
hot flashes
decreased estrogen
leads to physical changes
Irritability
dryness or loss of hair on head, pubic area, axillary
pain during intercourse, reduce sex drive→ reduce vaginal discharge
osteoporosis (bones weaken w/ less estrogen)
musculoskeletal of the aging adult - ANS ✓Brittleness of bones
Mm. atrophy
Mm. mass declines
Shortening of vertebral column (posture changes)
Bony prominences
Limited ROM
cardiac of the aging adult - ANS ✓Stiffening of the aorta → increase systolic BP
Orthostatic hypotension can lead to syncope
HR decrease w/ age
Decreased capillary refill
Premature heartbeat
Atherosclerosis
Pulmonary embolism
Increased risk for deep vein thrombosis
systolic BP increases
heart valves stiffen due to calcification
L ventricle stiffens
NUR 210
