1. A cherry-red spot on the macula is a clinical finding associated with
which condition?
A. Retinitis Pigmentosa
B. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
C. Diabetic Macular Edema
D. Optic Neuritis
Answer: B) Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Rationale: A cherry-red spot is a hallmark of central retinal artery
occlusion due to retinal ischemia.
2. What is the primary function of aqueous humor?
A. Provide nutrients to the cornea and lens
B. Maintain intraocular pressure
C. Refract light entering the eye
D. Both A and B
Answer: D) Both A and B
Rationale: Aqueous humor supplies nutrients to avascular structures
like the lens and cornea and helps maintain intraocular pressure.
3. A patient complains of sudden loss of vision described as a "curtain
coming down" over the visual field. What is the likely diagnosis?
,A. Optic Neuritis
B. Retinal Detachment
C. Glaucoma
D. Cataract
Answer: B) Retinal Detachment
Rationale: The description is classic for retinal detachment, which
requires prompt intervention to preserve vision.
4. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with xerophthalmia?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
Answer: A) Vitamin A
Rationale: Vitamin A deficiency leads to xerophthalmia, characterized
by dryness and keratinization of the conjunctiva and cornea.
5. Which condition is characterized by inflammation of all three layers
of the eye (uvea, retina, and sclera)?
A. Endophthalmitis
B. Panophthalmitis
C. Uveitis
, D. Scleritis
Answer: B) Panophthalmitis
Rationale: Panophthalmitis involves inflammation of all ocular layers
and is often caused by severe infections.
6. What is the most common causative organism of bacterial keratitis in
contact lens users?
A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C. Streptococcus pneumoniae
D. Escherichia coli
Answer: B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Rationale: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is frequently associated with
bacterial keratitis in contact lens wearers due to its ability to thrive in
moist environments.
7. A 45-year-old patient presents with a gradual loss of peripheral
vision. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Retinitis Pigmentosa
B. Glaucoma
C. Optic Neuritis
D. Diabetic Retinopathy
Answer: B) Glaucoma
which condition?
A. Retinitis Pigmentosa
B. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
C. Diabetic Macular Edema
D. Optic Neuritis
Answer: B) Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Rationale: A cherry-red spot is a hallmark of central retinal artery
occlusion due to retinal ischemia.
2. What is the primary function of aqueous humor?
A. Provide nutrients to the cornea and lens
B. Maintain intraocular pressure
C. Refract light entering the eye
D. Both A and B
Answer: D) Both A and B
Rationale: Aqueous humor supplies nutrients to avascular structures
like the lens and cornea and helps maintain intraocular pressure.
3. A patient complains of sudden loss of vision described as a "curtain
coming down" over the visual field. What is the likely diagnosis?
,A. Optic Neuritis
B. Retinal Detachment
C. Glaucoma
D. Cataract
Answer: B) Retinal Detachment
Rationale: The description is classic for retinal detachment, which
requires prompt intervention to preserve vision.
4. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with xerophthalmia?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
Answer: A) Vitamin A
Rationale: Vitamin A deficiency leads to xerophthalmia, characterized
by dryness and keratinization of the conjunctiva and cornea.
5. Which condition is characterized by inflammation of all three layers
of the eye (uvea, retina, and sclera)?
A. Endophthalmitis
B. Panophthalmitis
C. Uveitis
, D. Scleritis
Answer: B) Panophthalmitis
Rationale: Panophthalmitis involves inflammation of all ocular layers
and is often caused by severe infections.
6. What is the most common causative organism of bacterial keratitis in
contact lens users?
A. Staphylococcus aureus
B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C. Streptococcus pneumoniae
D. Escherichia coli
Answer: B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Rationale: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is frequently associated with
bacterial keratitis in contact lens wearers due to its ability to thrive in
moist environments.
7. A 45-year-old patient presents with a gradual loss of peripheral
vision. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Retinitis Pigmentosa
B. Glaucoma
C. Optic Neuritis
D. Diabetic Retinopathy
Answer: B) Glaucoma
