1. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with xerophthalmia?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
Answer: A) Vitamin A
Rationale: Vitamin A deficiency leads to xerophthalmia, characterized
by dryness and keratinization of the conjunctiva and cornea.
2. What is the primary complication of untreated pterygium?
A. Corneal Ulcer
B. Astigmatism
C. Endophthalmitis
D. Retinal Detachment
Answer: B) Astigmatism
Rationale: Pterygium can induce astigmatism by distorting the corneal
curvature.
3. A hypopyon is most commonly associated with which condition?
A. Anterior Uveitis
,B. Bacterial Keratitis
C. Endophthalmitis
D. Glaucoma
Answer: B) Bacterial Keratitis
Rationale: A hypopyon (pus in the anterior chamber) is a classic finding
in severe bacterial keratitis.
4. What is the most common cause of subconjunctival hemorrhage?
A. Trauma
B. Hypertension
C. Sneezing or Coughing
D. Anticoagulant Use
Answer: C) Sneezing or Coughing
Rationale: Sudden increases in venous pressure from sneezing or
coughing often result in subconjunctival hemorrhage.
5. What is the primary function of the retinal pigment epithelium
(RPE)?
A. Light detection
B. Photoreceptor support
C. Blood supply to the retina
D. Production of aqueous humor
, Answer: B) Photoreceptor support
Rationale: The RPE provides metabolic support to photoreceptors and
aids in visual cycle processes.
6. Which condition is characterized by progressive thinning and cone-
shaped protrusion of the cornea?
A. Keratoconus
B. Pterygium
C. Corneal Dystrophy
D. Scleritis
Answer: A) Keratoconus
Rationale: Keratoconus is a non-inflammatory condition causing
corneal thinning and protrusion, leading to visual distortion.
7. Which condition is characterized by neovascularization of the retina
and optic disc?
A. Retinal Detachment
B. Diabetic Retinopathy
C. Macular Degeneration
D. Glaucoma
Answer: B) Diabetic Retinopathy
Rationale: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is marked by abnormal
blood vessel growth, which can lead to severe visual impairment.
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin E
Answer: A) Vitamin A
Rationale: Vitamin A deficiency leads to xerophthalmia, characterized
by dryness and keratinization of the conjunctiva and cornea.
2. What is the primary complication of untreated pterygium?
A. Corneal Ulcer
B. Astigmatism
C. Endophthalmitis
D. Retinal Detachment
Answer: B) Astigmatism
Rationale: Pterygium can induce astigmatism by distorting the corneal
curvature.
3. A hypopyon is most commonly associated with which condition?
A. Anterior Uveitis
,B. Bacterial Keratitis
C. Endophthalmitis
D. Glaucoma
Answer: B) Bacterial Keratitis
Rationale: A hypopyon (pus in the anterior chamber) is a classic finding
in severe bacterial keratitis.
4. What is the most common cause of subconjunctival hemorrhage?
A. Trauma
B. Hypertension
C. Sneezing or Coughing
D. Anticoagulant Use
Answer: C) Sneezing or Coughing
Rationale: Sudden increases in venous pressure from sneezing or
coughing often result in subconjunctival hemorrhage.
5. What is the primary function of the retinal pigment epithelium
(RPE)?
A. Light detection
B. Photoreceptor support
C. Blood supply to the retina
D. Production of aqueous humor
, Answer: B) Photoreceptor support
Rationale: The RPE provides metabolic support to photoreceptors and
aids in visual cycle processes.
6. Which condition is characterized by progressive thinning and cone-
shaped protrusion of the cornea?
A. Keratoconus
B. Pterygium
C. Corneal Dystrophy
D. Scleritis
Answer: A) Keratoconus
Rationale: Keratoconus is a non-inflammatory condition causing
corneal thinning and protrusion, leading to visual distortion.
7. Which condition is characterized by neovascularization of the retina
and optic disc?
A. Retinal Detachment
B. Diabetic Retinopathy
C. Macular Degeneration
D. Glaucoma
Answer: B) Diabetic Retinopathy
Rationale: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is marked by abnormal
blood vessel growth, which can lead to severe visual impairment.
