TESTjBANKjAnimaljDiversityj9/EjClevelandjHickman
Chapter 01 9e
j j
1) Ajcharacteristicjofjsciencejisjthat
A) itjisjnotjexplainedjbyjnaturaljlaws.
B) itsjhypothesesjarejtestable.
C) itsjconclusionsjarejfinal.
D) itjisjnotjfalsifiable.
E) itjseeksjtojdefinejthejvitalisticjforcesjofjlife.
2) DuringjthejcreationjcourtjcasejinjArkansas,jJudgejOvertonjdefinedjthejessentialjpropertiesjofjscie
nce.jWhichjstatementjisjNOTjtruejaboutjscience?
A) Sciencejisjconcernedjaboutjunderstandingjthejnaturaljworld.
B) Sciencejapproachesjdatajinjajpersonaljorjsubjectivejmanner.
C) Conclusionsjofjsciencejarejsubjectjtojchangejbasedjonjnewjfindings.
D) Sciencejestablishesjhypothesesjthatjhavejthejpotentialjtojbejtestedjandjdisproved.
3) Muchjofjsciencejisjbasedjonjanjapproachjknownjasjthej method.
A) natural
B) inductive-deductive
C) hypothetical
D) hypothetico-deductive
4) Whatjisjajhypothesis?
A) Ajtentativejstatement,jbasedjonjinformationjorjdata,jthatjexplainsjajlargejnumberjofjobs
ervationsjandjguidesjexperimentation.
B) Ajreportjofjthejfindingsjofjscientificjexperiments.
C) Ajgeneraljstatementjmadejtojinferjajspecificjconclusion,joftenjinjanj"ifj.j.j.jthen"jform
at.
D) Usingjisolatedjfactsjtojreachjajgeneraljideajthatjmayjexplainjajphenomenon.
1
,5) WhichjstatementjaboutjajhypothesisjisjNOTjcorrect?
A) Experimentsjorjobservationsjarejconductedjtojtestjajhypothesis.
B) Ajhypothesisjcanjbejtestedjmanyjtimesjusingjdifferentjmethods.
C) Datajthatjsupportjajhypothesisjactuallyjprovejitjtojbejtrue.
D) Ifjdatajfromjexperimentationjdoesjnotjlendjsupportjtojajhypothesis,jthejhypothesisjmus
tjbejrejectedjorjrevised.
6) Whichjofjthejfollowingjbestjdescribesjajconceptualjschemejinjsciencejthatjisjstronglyjsup
ported,jhasjnotjyetjbeenjfoundjincorrect,jandjisjbasedjonjthejresultsjofjmanyjobservations?
A) Ajscientificjparadigm
B) Descriptivejresearch
C) Ajscientificjtheory
D) Experimentaljresults
7) AttemptingjtojunderstandjproximatejorjimmediatejcausesjinjBiologyjrequiresjthisjtypejofjapp
roach:
A) Evolutionary.
B) Descriptive.
C) Theoretical.
D) Experimental.
8) Whatjisjthejgoaljofjusingjthejexperimentaljmethodjtojinvestigatejproximatejcausesjinjbiol
ogy?
A) Tojdisprovejbiologicaljprinciplesjorjtheories.
B) Tojtestjourjunderstandingjofjajbiologicaljsystem.
C) Tojbetterjmankindjbyjinventingjsomethingjunique.
D) TojprovejorjdisprovejthejexistencejofjGod.
9) Tojhavejajframejofjreferencejagainstjwhichjtojcomparejexperimentaljfindings,jajscientistjmus
t
A) studyjtwojgroups:jajcontroljgroupjandjanjexperimentaljgroup.
B) eliminatejalljexpectationsjthatjmightjcausejajbiasedjinterpretationjofjthejresults.
C) havejotherjscientistsjlookjatjthejresults.
D) dojnothing;jaj"framejofjreference"jisjnotjnecessary.
2
,10) Youjarejinjyourjfirstjweekjofjstudentjteachingjandjarejpreparingjajquestionjforjyourjstudentsjconc
erningjexperimentaljdesignjforjajsciencejlaboratory.jWhichjofjthejfollowingjstatementsjwouldjy
oujhopejyourjstudentsjchoosejasjNOTjcorrectjregardingjexperimentaljdesign?
A) Alljconditionsjarejheldjthejsamejexceptjforjthejconditionjbeingjtestedjforjinjthejexpe
rimentaljgroup.
B) Itjisjbestjtojusejidenticaljsubjectsj(exceptjforjthejtreatmentjinjthejexperimentaljgroup)jinjor
derjtojreducejthejuncontrolledjfactors.
C) Thejconditionjbeingjtestedjinjanjexperimentjisjthej"control."
D) Statisticaljcomparisonsjarejmadejbetweenjgroupsjtojdeterminejifjanyjdifferencejisjbey
ondjrandomjchance.
11) Injyourjstudyjgroupjyoujhavejbeenjaskedjtojexplainjthejdifferencejbetweenjcontroljandjexperim
entaljgroups.jWhichjstatementjgivejbelowjprovidesjthejbestjdescriptionjofjajcontroljgroup?
A) Ajgroupjwithjthejconditionjthatjisjbeingjtested.
B) Ajnon-randomjsamplejtakenjthroughjalljexperimentaljsteps.
C) Ajvariablejthatjisjbeingjdeliberatelyjvariedjinjthejexperiment.
D) Ajgroupjthatjlacksjthejdisturbancejexperiencedjbyjthejexperimentaljgroup.
12) Somejecologistsjstudyjcomplexjinteractionsjofjanimalsjandjplantsjinjforests.jSuchjfieldjresearchj
producesjslightlyjdifferentjresultsjforjdifferentjresearchers.jInjcontrast,jecologyjexperimentsjper
formedjindoorsjwithjonejorganismjinjajterrariumjusuallyjproducejresultsjthatjarejrepeatable.jWha
tjisjthejmostjlikelyjexplanation?
A) Thejscientificjmethodjisjonlyjusefuljinjlaboratoryjsettings.
B) Itjisjnotjpossiblejtojestablishjajcontroljgroupjoutsidejofjajlaboratory.
C) Itjisjeasierjtojholdjalljbutjonejvariablejconstantjinjajlaboratory.
D) Fieldworkjisjevolutionary;jlaboratoryjworkjisjexperimental.
3
, 13) Ajpersonjgoesjaroundjbangingjajdrumjeachjday.jYoujaskjhimjwhy.jHejreplies,j"Tojdrivejoffjthejti
gers!"jYoujreplyj"Butjtherejaren'tjanyjtigersjaroundjhere."jHejreplies,j"See,jitjworks!"jFromjajsci
encejviewpoint,jthisjconclusion
A) isjsciencejbecausejitjisjpredictivejofjwhatjwilljhappenjtomorrowjmorning.
B) isjscientificallyjvalidjbecausejtherejisjprobablyjajconnectionjbetweenjloudjnoisejandjabs
encejofjtigers.
C) isjnotjvalidjunlessjtherejisjthejpotentialjforjtigersjtojbejhere,jorjajtestjisjrunjwithjtigers.
D) cannotjbejscientificallyjtreatedjbecausejitjinvolvesjhumanjbehavior.
14) FromjMissourijtojcentraljOhiojtojPennsylvania,jmanyjpeoplejbelievejthatjtheyjhavejwaterjmocca
sinsj("cottonmouthjsnakes")jinjtheirjfarmjponds.jManyjhavej"seenjthem"jalthoughjtheyjarejnotjso
jfoolishjasjtojtryjtojcapturejonejalive.jMeanwhile,jthejwildlifejofficersjandjthejrangejmapsjinjthejhe
rpetologyjbooksjsayjthatjcottonmouthsjdojnotjbreedjthisjfarjnorth.jWhatjisjthejmostjscientificjattit
udejtojassumejonjthisjissue?
A) Observationsjbyjbothjthejpublicjandjthejfishjandjgamejofficersjarejsubjectivejsojthisjisjno
tjpossiblejtojresolvejobjectively.
B) Ajfieldjtripjtojthejpondjlocationsjtojcapturejandjconfirmjthejidentityjofjthejsnakesjwoul
djsettlejthejmatter.
C) Scientificjbooksjwithjrangejmapsjarejbasedjonjfieldjresearchjand,jtherefore,jdet
erminejthejtruthjinjthisjcase.
D) Becausejlivingjorganismsjarejactive,jscientificjtheoriesjinjbiologyjalwaysjchangejandjthej
olderjbooksjarejthereforejwrong.
15) Whichjofjthejfollowingjquestionsjaddressesjanjultimatejcausejinjbiologyjthatjcouldjbejstud
iedjusingjthejcomparativejmethod?
A) Howjdoesjanjanimaljmaintainjajconstantjbodyjtemperaturejinjdifferentjenvironmentaljcon
ditions?
B) Whatjarejthejevolutionaryjfactorsjthatjcausedjsomejspeciesjofjbirdsjtojacquirejco
mplexjpatternsjofjseasonaljmigrationjbetweenjNorthjandjSouthjAmerica?
C) Whatjarejthejenvironmentaljfactorsjthatjsignaljthejbirdsjofjajparticularjspeciesjtojbegi
njtheirjseasonaljmigration?
D) WhatjarejthejreceptorsjforjgeomagnetismjinjMonarchjbutterflies?
4
Chapter 01 9e
j j
1) Ajcharacteristicjofjsciencejisjthat
A) itjisjnotjexplainedjbyjnaturaljlaws.
B) itsjhypothesesjarejtestable.
C) itsjconclusionsjarejfinal.
D) itjisjnotjfalsifiable.
E) itjseeksjtojdefinejthejvitalisticjforcesjofjlife.
2) DuringjthejcreationjcourtjcasejinjArkansas,jJudgejOvertonjdefinedjthejessentialjpropertiesjofjscie
nce.jWhichjstatementjisjNOTjtruejaboutjscience?
A) Sciencejisjconcernedjaboutjunderstandingjthejnaturaljworld.
B) Sciencejapproachesjdatajinjajpersonaljorjsubjectivejmanner.
C) Conclusionsjofjsciencejarejsubjectjtojchangejbasedjonjnewjfindings.
D) Sciencejestablishesjhypothesesjthatjhavejthejpotentialjtojbejtestedjandjdisproved.
3) Muchjofjsciencejisjbasedjonjanjapproachjknownjasjthej method.
A) natural
B) inductive-deductive
C) hypothetical
D) hypothetico-deductive
4) Whatjisjajhypothesis?
A) Ajtentativejstatement,jbasedjonjinformationjorjdata,jthatjexplainsjajlargejnumberjofjobs
ervationsjandjguidesjexperimentation.
B) Ajreportjofjthejfindingsjofjscientificjexperiments.
C) Ajgeneraljstatementjmadejtojinferjajspecificjconclusion,joftenjinjanj"ifj.j.j.jthen"jform
at.
D) Usingjisolatedjfactsjtojreachjajgeneraljideajthatjmayjexplainjajphenomenon.
1
,5) WhichjstatementjaboutjajhypothesisjisjNOTjcorrect?
A) Experimentsjorjobservationsjarejconductedjtojtestjajhypothesis.
B) Ajhypothesisjcanjbejtestedjmanyjtimesjusingjdifferentjmethods.
C) Datajthatjsupportjajhypothesisjactuallyjprovejitjtojbejtrue.
D) Ifjdatajfromjexperimentationjdoesjnotjlendjsupportjtojajhypothesis,jthejhypothesisjmus
tjbejrejectedjorjrevised.
6) Whichjofjthejfollowingjbestjdescribesjajconceptualjschemejinjsciencejthatjisjstronglyjsup
ported,jhasjnotjyetjbeenjfoundjincorrect,jandjisjbasedjonjthejresultsjofjmanyjobservations?
A) Ajscientificjparadigm
B) Descriptivejresearch
C) Ajscientificjtheory
D) Experimentaljresults
7) AttemptingjtojunderstandjproximatejorjimmediatejcausesjinjBiologyjrequiresjthisjtypejofjapp
roach:
A) Evolutionary.
B) Descriptive.
C) Theoretical.
D) Experimental.
8) Whatjisjthejgoaljofjusingjthejexperimentaljmethodjtojinvestigatejproximatejcausesjinjbiol
ogy?
A) Tojdisprovejbiologicaljprinciplesjorjtheories.
B) Tojtestjourjunderstandingjofjajbiologicaljsystem.
C) Tojbetterjmankindjbyjinventingjsomethingjunique.
D) TojprovejorjdisprovejthejexistencejofjGod.
9) Tojhavejajframejofjreferencejagainstjwhichjtojcomparejexperimentaljfindings,jajscientistjmus
t
A) studyjtwojgroups:jajcontroljgroupjandjanjexperimentaljgroup.
B) eliminatejalljexpectationsjthatjmightjcausejajbiasedjinterpretationjofjthejresults.
C) havejotherjscientistsjlookjatjthejresults.
D) dojnothing;jaj"framejofjreference"jisjnotjnecessary.
2
,10) Youjarejinjyourjfirstjweekjofjstudentjteachingjandjarejpreparingjajquestionjforjyourjstudentsjconc
erningjexperimentaljdesignjforjajsciencejlaboratory.jWhichjofjthejfollowingjstatementsjwouldjy
oujhopejyourjstudentsjchoosejasjNOTjcorrectjregardingjexperimentaljdesign?
A) Alljconditionsjarejheldjthejsamejexceptjforjthejconditionjbeingjtestedjforjinjthejexpe
rimentaljgroup.
B) Itjisjbestjtojusejidenticaljsubjectsj(exceptjforjthejtreatmentjinjthejexperimentaljgroup)jinjor
derjtojreducejthejuncontrolledjfactors.
C) Thejconditionjbeingjtestedjinjanjexperimentjisjthej"control."
D) Statisticaljcomparisonsjarejmadejbetweenjgroupsjtojdeterminejifjanyjdifferencejisjbey
ondjrandomjchance.
11) Injyourjstudyjgroupjyoujhavejbeenjaskedjtojexplainjthejdifferencejbetweenjcontroljandjexperim
entaljgroups.jWhichjstatementjgivejbelowjprovidesjthejbestjdescriptionjofjajcontroljgroup?
A) Ajgroupjwithjthejconditionjthatjisjbeingjtested.
B) Ajnon-randomjsamplejtakenjthroughjalljexperimentaljsteps.
C) Ajvariablejthatjisjbeingjdeliberatelyjvariedjinjthejexperiment.
D) Ajgroupjthatjlacksjthejdisturbancejexperiencedjbyjthejexperimentaljgroup.
12) Somejecologistsjstudyjcomplexjinteractionsjofjanimalsjandjplantsjinjforests.jSuchjfieldjresearchj
producesjslightlyjdifferentjresultsjforjdifferentjresearchers.jInjcontrast,jecologyjexperimentsjper
formedjindoorsjwithjonejorganismjinjajterrariumjusuallyjproducejresultsjthatjarejrepeatable.jWha
tjisjthejmostjlikelyjexplanation?
A) Thejscientificjmethodjisjonlyjusefuljinjlaboratoryjsettings.
B) Itjisjnotjpossiblejtojestablishjajcontroljgroupjoutsidejofjajlaboratory.
C) Itjisjeasierjtojholdjalljbutjonejvariablejconstantjinjajlaboratory.
D) Fieldworkjisjevolutionary;jlaboratoryjworkjisjexperimental.
3
, 13) Ajpersonjgoesjaroundjbangingjajdrumjeachjday.jYoujaskjhimjwhy.jHejreplies,j"Tojdrivejoffjthejti
gers!"jYoujreplyj"Butjtherejaren'tjanyjtigersjaroundjhere."jHejreplies,j"See,jitjworks!"jFromjajsci
encejviewpoint,jthisjconclusion
A) isjsciencejbecausejitjisjpredictivejofjwhatjwilljhappenjtomorrowjmorning.
B) isjscientificallyjvalidjbecausejtherejisjprobablyjajconnectionjbetweenjloudjnoisejandjabs
encejofjtigers.
C) isjnotjvalidjunlessjtherejisjthejpotentialjforjtigersjtojbejhere,jorjajtestjisjrunjwithjtigers.
D) cannotjbejscientificallyjtreatedjbecausejitjinvolvesjhumanjbehavior.
14) FromjMissourijtojcentraljOhiojtojPennsylvania,jmanyjpeoplejbelievejthatjtheyjhavejwaterjmocca
sinsj("cottonmouthjsnakes")jinjtheirjfarmjponds.jManyjhavej"seenjthem"jalthoughjtheyjarejnotjso
jfoolishjasjtojtryjtojcapturejonejalive.jMeanwhile,jthejwildlifejofficersjandjthejrangejmapsjinjthejhe
rpetologyjbooksjsayjthatjcottonmouthsjdojnotjbreedjthisjfarjnorth.jWhatjisjthejmostjscientificjattit
udejtojassumejonjthisjissue?
A) Observationsjbyjbothjthejpublicjandjthejfishjandjgamejofficersjarejsubjectivejsojthisjisjno
tjpossiblejtojresolvejobjectively.
B) Ajfieldjtripjtojthejpondjlocationsjtojcapturejandjconfirmjthejidentityjofjthejsnakesjwoul
djsettlejthejmatter.
C) Scientificjbooksjwithjrangejmapsjarejbasedjonjfieldjresearchjand,jtherefore,jdet
erminejthejtruthjinjthisjcase.
D) Becausejlivingjorganismsjarejactive,jscientificjtheoriesjinjbiologyjalwaysjchangejandjthej
olderjbooksjarejthereforejwrong.
15) Whichjofjthejfollowingjquestionsjaddressesjanjultimatejcausejinjbiologyjthatjcouldjbejstud
iedjusingjthejcomparativejmethod?
A) Howjdoesjanjanimaljmaintainjajconstantjbodyjtemperaturejinjdifferentjenvironmentaljcon
ditions?
B) Whatjarejthejevolutionaryjfactorsjthatjcausedjsomejspeciesjofjbirdsjtojacquirejco
mplexjpatternsjofjseasonaljmigrationjbetweenjNorthjandjSouthjAmerica?
C) Whatjarejthejenvironmentaljfactorsjthatjsignaljthejbirdsjofjajparticularjspeciesjtojbegi
njtheirjseasonaljmigration?
D) WhatjarejthejreceptorsjforjgeomagnetismjinjMonarchjbutterflies?
4
