Chapter 1—Introduction
d
MULTIPLEd CHOICE
1. Thedfielddofdmanagementdscience
a. concentratesdondthedusedofdquantitativedmethodsdtodassistdinddecisiondmaking.
b. approachesddecisiondmakingdrationally,dwithdtechniquesdbaseddondthedscientificdmethod.
c. isdanotherdnamedforddecisiondsciencedanddfordoperationsdresearch.
d. eachdofdthedabovedisdtrue.
ANS:d D PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
2. Identificationdandddefinitiondofdadproblem
a. cannotdbeddoneduntildalternativesdaredproposed.
b. isdthedfirstdstepdofddecisiondmaking.
c. isdthedfinaldstepdofdproblemdsolving.
d. requiresdconsiderationdofdmultipledcriteria.
ANS:d B PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
3. Decisiondalternatives
a. shoulddbedidentifieddbeforeddecisiondcriteriadaredestablished.
b. aredlimiteddtodquantitativedsolutions
c. aredevaluateddasdadpartdofdthedproblemddefinitiondstage.
d. aredbestdgenerateddbydbrain-storming.
ANS:d A PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
4. Decisiondcriteria
a. aredthedchoicesdfaceddbydtheddecisiondmaker.
b. aredthedproblemsdfaceddbydtheddecisiondmaker.
c. aredthedwaysdtodevaluatedthedchoicesdfaceddbydtheddecisiondmaker.
d. mustdbeduniquedfordadproblem.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
5. Indadmulticriteriaddecisiondproblem
a. itdisdimpossibledtodselectdadsingleddecisiondalternative.
b. theddecisiondmakerdmustdevaluatedeachdalternativedwithdrespectdtodeachdcriterion.
c. successiveddecisionsdmustdbedmadedoverdtime.
d. eachdofdthedabovedisdtrue.
ANS:d B PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
6. Thedquantitativedanalysisdapproachdrequires
a. thedmanager'sdpriordexperiencedwithdadsimilardproblem.
b. adrelativelyduncomplicateddproblem.
c. mathematicaldexpressionsdfordthedrelationships.
d. eachdofdthedabovedisdtrue.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysisdandddecisiondmaking
7. Adphysicaldmodeldthatddoesdnotdhavedthedsamedphysicaldappearancedasdthedobjectdbeingdmodeleddis
a. andanalogdmodel.
, b. andiconicdmodel.
c. admathematicaldmodel.
d. adqualitativedmodel.
ANS:d A PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
8. Inputsdtodadquantitativedmodel
a. aredadtrivialdpartdofdthedproblemdsolvingdprocess.
b. areduncertaindfordadstochasticdmodel.
c. areduncontrollabledfordtheddecisiondvariables.
d. mustdalldbeddeterministicdifdthedproblemdisdtodhavedadsolution.
ANS:d B PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
9. Whendthedvaluedofdthedoutputdcannotdbeddetermineddevendifdthedvaluedofdthedcontrollabledinputdisd
known,dthedmodeldis
a. analog.
b. digital.
c. stochastic.
d. deterministic.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
10. Thedvolumedthatdresultsdindtotaldrevenuedbeingdequaldtodtotaldcostdisdthe
a. break-evendpoint.
b. marginaldvolume.
c. marginaldcost.
d. profitdmix.
ANS:d A PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Break-evendanalysis
11. Managementdsciencedanddoperationsdresearchdbothdinvolve
a. qualitativedmanagerialdskills.
b. quantitativedapproachesdtoddecisiondmaking.
c. operationaldmanagementdskills.
d. scientificdresearchdasdopposeddtodapplications.
ANS:d B PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
12. GeorgedDantzigdisdimportantdindthedhistorydofdmanagementdsciencedbecausedheddeveloped
a. thedscientificdmanagementdrevolution.
b. WorlddWardIIdoperationsdresearchdteams.
c. thedsimplexdmethoddfordlineardprogramming.
d. powerfulddigitaldcomputers.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
13. Thedfirstdstepdindproblemdsolvingdis
a. determinationdofdthedcorrectdanalyticaldsolutiondprocedure.
b. definitiondofddecisiondvariables.
c. thedidentificationdofdaddifferencedbetweendthedactualdandddesireddstatedofdaffairs.
d. implementation.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
14. Problemddefinition
, a. includesdspecificdobjectivesdanddoperatingdconstraints.
b. mustdoccurdpriordtodthedquantitativedanalysisdprocess.
c. mustdinvolvedthedanalystdanddtheduserdofdthedresults.
d. eachdofdthedabovedisdtrue.
ANS:d D PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysis
15. Admodeldthatdusesdadsystemdofdsymbolsdtodrepresentdadproblemdisdcalled
a. mathematical.
b. iconic.
c. analog.
d. constrained.
ANS:d A PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
TRUE/FALSE
1. Thedprocessdofddecisiondmakingdisdmoredlimiteddthandthatdofdproblemdsolving.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
2. Thedtermsd'stochastic'dandd'deterministic'dhavedthedsamedmeaningdindquantitativedanalysis.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
3. Thedvolumedthatdresultsdindmarginaldrevenuedequalingdmarginaldcostdisdcalleddthedbreak-evendpoint.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
4. Problemdsolvingdencompassesdbothdthedidentificationdofdadproblemdanddthedactiondtodresolvedit.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
5. Theddecisiondmakingdprocessdincludesdimplementationdanddevaluationdofdtheddecision.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
6. Thedmostdsuccessfuldquantitativedanalysisdwilldseparatedthedanalystdfromdthedmanagerialdteamduntildafterdt
hedproblemdisdfullydstructured.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysis
7. Thedvaluedofdanydmodeldisdthatditdenablesdtheduserdtodmakedinferencesdaboutdthedrealdsituation.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
8. Uncontrollabledinputsdaredtheddecisiondvariablesdfordadmodel.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
9. Thedfeasibledsolutiondisdthedbestdsolutiondpossibledfordadmathematicaldmodel.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modeldsolution
, 10. Adcompanydseeksdtodmaximizedprofitdsubjectdtodlimiteddavailabilitydofdman-hours.dMan-
hoursdisdadcontrollabledinput.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
11. FrederickdTaylordisdcrediteddwithdformingdthedfirstdMS/ORdinterdisciplinarydteamsdindthed1940's.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
12. Todfinddthedchoicedthatdprovidesdthedhighestdprofitdanddthedfewestdemployees,dapplydadsingle-
criterionddecisiondprocess.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
13. Thedmostdcriticaldcomponentdinddeterminingdthedsuccessdordfailuredofdanydquantitativedapproachdtod
decisiondmakingdisdproblemddefinition.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysis
14. Thedfirstdstepdindtheddecisiondmakingdprocessdisdtodidentifydthedproblem.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
15. Allduncontrollabledinputsdorddatadmustdbedspecifieddbeforedwedcandanalyzedthedmodeldanddrecommenddad
decisiondordsolutiondfordthedproblem.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysis
SHORTd ANSWER
1. Shoulddthedproblemdsolvingdprocessdbedapplieddtodalldproblems?
ANS:
Answerdnotdprovided.
PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
2. Explaindtheddifferencedbetweendquantitativedanddqualitativedanalysisdfromdthedmanager'sdpointdofdview.
ANS:
Answerdnotdprovided.
PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysisdandddecisiondmaking
3. Explaindthedrelationshipdamongdmodelddevelopment,dmodeldaccuracy,danddthedabilitydtodobtaindad
solutiondfromdadmodel.
ANS:
Answerdnotdprovided.
PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modeldsolution
d
MULTIPLEd CHOICE
1. Thedfielddofdmanagementdscience
a. concentratesdondthedusedofdquantitativedmethodsdtodassistdinddecisiondmaking.
b. approachesddecisiondmakingdrationally,dwithdtechniquesdbaseddondthedscientificdmethod.
c. isdanotherdnamedforddecisiondsciencedanddfordoperationsdresearch.
d. eachdofdthedabovedisdtrue.
ANS:d D PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
2. Identificationdandddefinitiondofdadproblem
a. cannotdbeddoneduntildalternativesdaredproposed.
b. isdthedfirstdstepdofddecisiondmaking.
c. isdthedfinaldstepdofdproblemdsolving.
d. requiresdconsiderationdofdmultipledcriteria.
ANS:d B PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
3. Decisiondalternatives
a. shoulddbedidentifieddbeforeddecisiondcriteriadaredestablished.
b. aredlimiteddtodquantitativedsolutions
c. aredevaluateddasdadpartdofdthedproblemddefinitiondstage.
d. aredbestdgenerateddbydbrain-storming.
ANS:d A PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
4. Decisiondcriteria
a. aredthedchoicesdfaceddbydtheddecisiondmaker.
b. aredthedproblemsdfaceddbydtheddecisiondmaker.
c. aredthedwaysdtodevaluatedthedchoicesdfaceddbydtheddecisiondmaker.
d. mustdbeduniquedfordadproblem.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
5. Indadmulticriteriaddecisiondproblem
a. itdisdimpossibledtodselectdadsingleddecisiondalternative.
b. theddecisiondmakerdmustdevaluatedeachdalternativedwithdrespectdtodeachdcriterion.
c. successiveddecisionsdmustdbedmadedoverdtime.
d. eachdofdthedabovedisdtrue.
ANS:d B PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
6. Thedquantitativedanalysisdapproachdrequires
a. thedmanager'sdpriordexperiencedwithdadsimilardproblem.
b. adrelativelyduncomplicateddproblem.
c. mathematicaldexpressionsdfordthedrelationships.
d. eachdofdthedabovedisdtrue.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysisdandddecisiondmaking
7. Adphysicaldmodeldthatddoesdnotdhavedthedsamedphysicaldappearancedasdthedobjectdbeingdmodeleddis
a. andanalogdmodel.
, b. andiconicdmodel.
c. admathematicaldmodel.
d. adqualitativedmodel.
ANS:d A PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
8. Inputsdtodadquantitativedmodel
a. aredadtrivialdpartdofdthedproblemdsolvingdprocess.
b. areduncertaindfordadstochasticdmodel.
c. areduncontrollabledfordtheddecisiondvariables.
d. mustdalldbeddeterministicdifdthedproblemdisdtodhavedadsolution.
ANS:d B PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
9. Whendthedvaluedofdthedoutputdcannotdbeddetermineddevendifdthedvaluedofdthedcontrollabledinputdisd
known,dthedmodeldis
a. analog.
b. digital.
c. stochastic.
d. deterministic.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
10. Thedvolumedthatdresultsdindtotaldrevenuedbeingdequaldtodtotaldcostdisdthe
a. break-evendpoint.
b. marginaldvolume.
c. marginaldcost.
d. profitdmix.
ANS:d A PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Break-evendanalysis
11. Managementdsciencedanddoperationsdresearchdbothdinvolve
a. qualitativedmanagerialdskills.
b. quantitativedapproachesdtoddecisiondmaking.
c. operationaldmanagementdskills.
d. scientificdresearchdasdopposeddtodapplications.
ANS:d B PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
12. GeorgedDantzigdisdimportantdindthedhistorydofdmanagementdsciencedbecausedheddeveloped
a. thedscientificdmanagementdrevolution.
b. WorlddWardIIdoperationsdresearchdteams.
c. thedsimplexdmethoddfordlineardprogramming.
d. powerfulddigitaldcomputers.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
13. Thedfirstdstepdindproblemdsolvingdis
a. determinationdofdthedcorrectdanalyticaldsolutiondprocedure.
b. definitiondofddecisiondvariables.
c. thedidentificationdofdaddifferencedbetweendthedactualdandddesireddstatedofdaffairs.
d. implementation.
ANS:d C PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
14. Problemddefinition
, a. includesdspecificdobjectivesdanddoperatingdconstraints.
b. mustdoccurdpriordtodthedquantitativedanalysisdprocess.
c. mustdinvolvedthedanalystdanddtheduserdofdthedresults.
d. eachdofdthedabovedisdtrue.
ANS:d D PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysis
15. Admodeldthatdusesdadsystemdofdsymbolsdtodrepresentdadproblemdisdcalled
a. mathematical.
b. iconic.
c. analog.
d. constrained.
ANS:d A PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
TRUE/FALSE
1. Thedprocessdofddecisiondmakingdisdmoredlimiteddthandthatdofdproblemdsolving.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
2. Thedtermsd'stochastic'dandd'deterministic'dhavedthedsamedmeaningdindquantitativedanalysis.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
3. Thedvolumedthatdresultsdindmarginaldrevenuedequalingdmarginaldcostdisdcalleddthedbreak-evendpoint.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
4. Problemdsolvingdencompassesdbothdthedidentificationdofdadproblemdanddthedactiondtodresolvedit.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
5. Theddecisiondmakingdprocessdincludesdimplementationdanddevaluationdofdtheddecision.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
6. Thedmostdsuccessfuldquantitativedanalysisdwilldseparatedthedanalystdfromdthedmanagerialdteamduntildafterdt
hedproblemdisdfullydstructured.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysis
7. Thedvaluedofdanydmodeldisdthatditdenablesdtheduserdtodmakedinferencesdaboutdthedrealdsituation.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
8. Uncontrollabledinputsdaredtheddecisiondvariablesdfordadmodel.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
9. Thedfeasibledsolutiondisdthedbestdsolutiondpossibledfordadmathematicaldmodel.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modeldsolution
, 10. Adcompanydseeksdtodmaximizedprofitdsubjectdtodlimiteddavailabilitydofdman-hours.dMan-
hoursdisdadcontrollabledinput.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modelddevelopment
11. FrederickdTaylordisdcrediteddwithdformingdthedfirstdMS/ORdinterdisciplinarydteamsdindthed1940's.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
12. Todfinddthedchoicedthatdprovidesdthedhighestdprofitdanddthedfewestdemployees,dapplydadsingle-
criterionddecisiondprocess.
ANS:d F PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
13. Thedmostdcriticaldcomponentdinddeterminingdthedsuccessdordfailuredofdanydquantitativedapproachdtod
decisiondmakingdisdproblemddefinition.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysis
14. Thedfirstdstepdindtheddecisiondmakingdprocessdisdtodidentifydthedproblem.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Introduction
15. Allduncontrollabledinputsdorddatadmustdbedspecifieddbeforedwedcandanalyzedthedmodeldanddrecommenddad
decisiondordsolutiondfordthedproblem.
ANS:d T PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysis
SHORTd ANSWER
1. Shoulddthedproblemdsolvingdprocessdbedapplieddtodalldproblems?
ANS:
Answerdnotdprovided.
PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Problemdsolvingdandddecisiondmaking
2. Explaindtheddifferencedbetweendquantitativedanddqualitativedanalysisdfromdthedmanager'sdpointdofdview.
ANS:
Answerdnotdprovided.
PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Quantitativedanalysisdandddecisiondmaking
3. Explaindthedrelationshipdamongdmodelddevelopment,dmodeldaccuracy,danddthedabilitydtodobtaindad
solutiondfromdadmodel.
ANS:
Answerdnotdprovided.
PTS:d d 1 TOP:d Modeldsolution
