AP Biology - Enzyme Vocabulary Exam
Questions and Answers
Activation energy - Correct Answers -The amount of energy that reactants must absorb
before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.
Enzymes, by lowering this, help speed up the reactions.
Active site - Correct Answers -The specific portion of an enzyme that binds the
substrate by means of multiple weak interactions and that forms the pocket in which
catalysis occurs.
Feedback inhibition - Correct Answers -A method of metabolic control in which the end
product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.
Allosteric regulation - Correct Answers -The binding of a regulatory molecule to a
protein at one site that affects the function of the protein at a different site.
Anabolic pathway - Correct Answers -A metabolic pathway that consumes energy to
synthesize a complex molecule from simpler compounds.
cofactor - Correct Answers -Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the
proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site
or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis
endergonic reaction - Correct Answers -A non-spontaneous chemical reaction in which
free energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
Enzyme - Correct Answers -A macromolecule serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent
that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
Energy coupling - Correct Answers -In cellular metabolism, the use of energy released
from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
Induced fit - Correct Answers -Induced by entry of the substrate, the change in shape of
the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate.
Questions and Answers
Activation energy - Correct Answers -The amount of energy that reactants must absorb
before a chemical reaction will start; also called free energy of activation.
Enzymes, by lowering this, help speed up the reactions.
Active site - Correct Answers -The specific portion of an enzyme that binds the
substrate by means of multiple weak interactions and that forms the pocket in which
catalysis occurs.
Feedback inhibition - Correct Answers -A method of metabolic control in which the end
product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.
Allosteric regulation - Correct Answers -The binding of a regulatory molecule to a
protein at one site that affects the function of the protein at a different site.
Anabolic pathway - Correct Answers -A metabolic pathway that consumes energy to
synthesize a complex molecule from simpler compounds.
cofactor - Correct Answers -Any nonprotein molecule or ion that is required for the
proper functioning of an enzyme. Cofactors can be permanently bound to the active site
or may bind loosely with the substrate during catalysis
endergonic reaction - Correct Answers -A non-spontaneous chemical reaction in which
free energy is absorbed from the surroundings.
Enzyme - Correct Answers -A macromolecule serving as a catalyst, a chemical agent
that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction.
Energy coupling - Correct Answers -In cellular metabolism, the use of energy released
from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reaction.
Induced fit - Correct Answers -Induced by entry of the substrate, the change in shape of
the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate.
