PSYC 102 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
What are the seven early schools of Psychology?
Structuralism, Functionalism, Psychoanalysis, Gestalt, Behaviorism, Humanism, and
The Cognitive Revolution
Who formulated Structuralism?
Wilhelm Wundt
Who formulated Functionalism?
William James
Who formulated Psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
Who formulated Gestalt Psychology?
Werthuimer, Koffka, Hohler
Who formulated Behaviorism?
Pavlov, Watson, Skinner
Who formulated Humanistic Psychology?
Maslow, Rogers
What is the goal of Structuralism?
To identify components of consciousness and how these components combine to result
in our experience. Or: to use introspection to make some examine their own
consciousness as objectively as possible.
,What is the goal of Functionalism?
Describe how the conscious mind aids adaptation to an environment using a holistic
approach. The roots of evolutionary psychology.
What is the goal of psychoanalysis?
Uncover repressed memories and bring unresolved unconscious conflicts to
consciousness with dream analysis, slips of the tongue, childhood experiences
What is the goal of Gestalt Psychology?
To study all parts of consciousness as whole distinct from the individual parts
What is the goal of behaviorism?
To study learned behavior and interaction within the qualities of the organism ie: "rat-
maze psychology" or Pavlov's dog
What was the goal of Humanistic Psychology?
To promote client-based therapy, unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and
empathy - the client leads the session
What is the goal of the cognitive revolution?
Focus back on the inner mind in combination with anthropology, linguistics, etc. to form
the cognitive sciences
What are the seven kinds of modern psychology?
Evolutionary/Bio, Personality, Social, Industrial-Organizational, Health, Clinical,
Forensic
What is the goal of evolutionary/biopsychology?
To explain patterns of behavior common among all human beings with ultimate causes
ie: genetics
, What are some examples of bio-psychological systems?
Sensory and motor systems, sleep patterns, drug use, reproductive behavior
What is the goal of personality psychology?
To construct a unique model of an individual by identifying and measuring traits and
how they interact in a context ie: the big five model
What is the goal of social psychology?
To identify universal properties of human nature that make everyone susceptible to
social influence ie: prejudice, attraction, conflict
What is the goal of Industrial-Organizational Psychology?
To cover personnel management, organizational structure and workplace productivity
What is the goal of health psychology?
Help people achieve better health through public policy, education, intervention, and
research
What is the goal of forensic psychology?
Justice system psychology: competency to stand trial, expert witness, etc.
What is the goal of clinical psychology?
To identify, diagnose, and treat mental disorders and problematic patterns of behavior
What is operant conditioning?
a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or
diminished if followed by a punisher
How did Wundt study consciousness?
With reaction time measured with buzzers in reaction to noises
Why did structuralism fail?
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
What are the seven early schools of Psychology?
Structuralism, Functionalism, Psychoanalysis, Gestalt, Behaviorism, Humanism, and
The Cognitive Revolution
Who formulated Structuralism?
Wilhelm Wundt
Who formulated Functionalism?
William James
Who formulated Psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
Who formulated Gestalt Psychology?
Werthuimer, Koffka, Hohler
Who formulated Behaviorism?
Pavlov, Watson, Skinner
Who formulated Humanistic Psychology?
Maslow, Rogers
What is the goal of Structuralism?
To identify components of consciousness and how these components combine to result
in our experience. Or: to use introspection to make some examine their own
consciousness as objectively as possible.
,What is the goal of Functionalism?
Describe how the conscious mind aids adaptation to an environment using a holistic
approach. The roots of evolutionary psychology.
What is the goal of psychoanalysis?
Uncover repressed memories and bring unresolved unconscious conflicts to
consciousness with dream analysis, slips of the tongue, childhood experiences
What is the goal of Gestalt Psychology?
To study all parts of consciousness as whole distinct from the individual parts
What is the goal of behaviorism?
To study learned behavior and interaction within the qualities of the organism ie: "rat-
maze psychology" or Pavlov's dog
What was the goal of Humanistic Psychology?
To promote client-based therapy, unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and
empathy - the client leads the session
What is the goal of the cognitive revolution?
Focus back on the inner mind in combination with anthropology, linguistics, etc. to form
the cognitive sciences
What are the seven kinds of modern psychology?
Evolutionary/Bio, Personality, Social, Industrial-Organizational, Health, Clinical,
Forensic
What is the goal of evolutionary/biopsychology?
To explain patterns of behavior common among all human beings with ultimate causes
ie: genetics
, What are some examples of bio-psychological systems?
Sensory and motor systems, sleep patterns, drug use, reproductive behavior
What is the goal of personality psychology?
To construct a unique model of an individual by identifying and measuring traits and
how they interact in a context ie: the big five model
What is the goal of social psychology?
To identify universal properties of human nature that make everyone susceptible to
social influence ie: prejudice, attraction, conflict
What is the goal of Industrial-Organizational Psychology?
To cover personnel management, organizational structure and workplace productivity
What is the goal of health psychology?
Help people achieve better health through public policy, education, intervention, and
research
What is the goal of forensic psychology?
Justice system psychology: competency to stand trial, expert witness, etc.
What is the goal of clinical psychology?
To identify, diagnose, and treat mental disorders and problematic patterns of behavior
What is operant conditioning?
a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or
diminished if followed by a punisher
How did Wundt study consciousness?
With reaction time measured with buzzers in reaction to noises
Why did structuralism fail?
