BIOL 101 CHROMOSOMES QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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how are chromosomes studied
karyotyping
examination of metaphase chromosomes
karyotyping
what is done for karyotyping preparation?
stopping the cycle
how is the cycle stopped in preparation for karyotyping
cultured cells are arrested at metaphase by added colchicine
Why are cells arrested in metaphse
this is when cells are most condensed and easiest to identify
arrested cells are broken open, metaphase chromosomes are fixed and stained,
chromosomes are photographed through microscope, photograph of
chromosomes is cut up and arranged to form karyotype diagram
karyotype preparation
chromosomes that are identical in length, size, shape, and genes contained
homologous chromosomes
___ chromosomes are not identical but still have regions of homology
sex
homologous chromosomes combine with each other, then segregate from one
another during ___
meiosis
When were sex chromosomes discovered?
late 1800s
fewer than two dozen genes identified, one is the master gene for male sex
determination
y chromosome
functioning SRY present ____ forms, absent ___ forms
testes, ovaries
carries more than 2300 genes, most genes deal with nonsexual traits, genes on
this chromosome can be expressed in both males and females
x chromosome
what are the sex-linked diseases
fragile x syndrome, color blindess, hemophilia, muscular dystrophy
gene has too many repeats of a nucleotide, shuts down the production of
necessary protein
fragile x syndrome
gene for making dystrophin that makes muscles strong is faulty
muscular dystrophy
gene for clotting blood is faulty
hemophilia
sex linked disorders behave like dominant mutations in ____
males
EXAM LATEST UPDATE.Buy Quality Materials!
how are chromosomes studied
karyotyping
examination of metaphase chromosomes
karyotyping
what is done for karyotyping preparation?
stopping the cycle
how is the cycle stopped in preparation for karyotyping
cultured cells are arrested at metaphase by added colchicine
Why are cells arrested in metaphse
this is when cells are most condensed and easiest to identify
arrested cells are broken open, metaphase chromosomes are fixed and stained,
chromosomes are photographed through microscope, photograph of
chromosomes is cut up and arranged to form karyotype diagram
karyotype preparation
chromosomes that are identical in length, size, shape, and genes contained
homologous chromosomes
___ chromosomes are not identical but still have regions of homology
sex
homologous chromosomes combine with each other, then segregate from one
another during ___
meiosis
When were sex chromosomes discovered?
late 1800s
fewer than two dozen genes identified, one is the master gene for male sex
determination
y chromosome
functioning SRY present ____ forms, absent ___ forms
testes, ovaries
carries more than 2300 genes, most genes deal with nonsexual traits, genes on
this chromosome can be expressed in both males and females
x chromosome
what are the sex-linked diseases
fragile x syndrome, color blindess, hemophilia, muscular dystrophy
gene has too many repeats of a nucleotide, shuts down the production of
necessary protein
fragile x syndrome
gene for making dystrophin that makes muscles strong is faulty
muscular dystrophy
gene for clotting blood is faulty
hemophilia
sex linked disorders behave like dominant mutations in ____
males
