EOS 103 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
All of the Earth's settings and environments that are dominated by water in its solid form
are referred to collectively as - Answers - the cyrosphere
New data suggests that the Arctic has been warming _______ times as fast as the rest
of the planet since 1971. - Answers - three
The Mean Arctic's Surface Air temperatures (Oct-Sept) have been noticeably higher
(compared to the local average) than the rest of the globe since the..... - Answers - early
2000s
The cryosphere is often called the "Canary in the Coal Mine" with regards to global
warming. What does this refer to? - Answers - canaries used to be carried into coal
mines as early detection systems (the birds suffocated before the miners would) of
dangerous levels of various mine gases
Continuously frozen soil or sediment is referred to as... - Answers - permafrost
True or False? Another name for permafrost is ground ice. - Answers - false
True or False? Most icebergs formed initially as sea ice. - Answers - false
True or False? All Arctic sea ice melts in the summer - Answers - false
Significant continental ice sheets are found today only on these two landmasses.. -
Answers - -greenland
-antarctica
Antarctic ice shelves "grow" through resupply from their glacial source and these two
processes.... - Answers - -freezing of sea water to their base
-snow and ice accumulation to their tops
Mountain glaciers "move" through these two means... - Answers - -sliding
-internal plastic flow
The area where ice is added to the glacier is known as the zone of accumulation. What
is the area called where ice is lost from the glacier? - Answers - zone of ablation
A glacier can loose mass through the following three ways. - Answers - -melting
-calving
-evaporation
While a glacier is retreating, its ice is flowing ______ - Answers - towards the valley
, Most of the annual but seasonal snow cover is found in the - Answers - northern
hemisphere
Currently, about __% of the Northern Hemisphere experiences an annual snow cover -
Answers - 45%
The June Arctic snow cover extent has been decreasing since the 1960s by around
____________ per decade - Answers - 13.4%
The duration and extent of annual snow cover in the Arctic is decreasing because of an
increase in temperatures and the snow's ______________ albedo. - Answers -
decreasing
That part of the glacier in which crevasses grow is said to undergo _______________
deformation. - Answers - brittle
In order to make a mountain glacier you need.....(click all that apply) - Answers - -
snowfall in the winter
-gentle slope
-little wind exposure
-short summers with low average temps
Study of 6 major Arctic Siberian rivers has shown that ice formation happens
________________ in the year, and lasts __________________ in the Spring, as
compared to the 1950s. - Answers - later; shorter
The most extensive study of over 13,000 Arctic lakes since the late 90s has shown that
their ice surface breaks up ______________ in the Spring, compared to prior years. -
Answers - earlier and earlier
A study of 420 shallow lakes on the North Slope of Alaska since 1992 has shown that
__________ of these lakes are experiencing grounded ice (frozen all the way to the
bottom of the lake) conditions, every year. - Answers - fewer
Permafrost that forms consistently every year in the same place but thaws out
completely in the Spring and Summer is called.... - Answers - discontinuous permafrost
That part atop the continuous permafrost that thaws out in Spring and Summer is
called..... - Answers - the active layer
the oldest frozen mammoth carcasses retrieved from melting permafrost are around
____________ years old. - Answers - 45000
Continuous permafrost temperatures have ________ since the mid-1970s. - Answers -
increased(bad news)
All of the Earth's settings and environments that are dominated by water in its solid form
are referred to collectively as - Answers - the cyrosphere
New data suggests that the Arctic has been warming _______ times as fast as the rest
of the planet since 1971. - Answers - three
The Mean Arctic's Surface Air temperatures (Oct-Sept) have been noticeably higher
(compared to the local average) than the rest of the globe since the..... - Answers - early
2000s
The cryosphere is often called the "Canary in the Coal Mine" with regards to global
warming. What does this refer to? - Answers - canaries used to be carried into coal
mines as early detection systems (the birds suffocated before the miners would) of
dangerous levels of various mine gases
Continuously frozen soil or sediment is referred to as... - Answers - permafrost
True or False? Another name for permafrost is ground ice. - Answers - false
True or False? Most icebergs formed initially as sea ice. - Answers - false
True or False? All Arctic sea ice melts in the summer - Answers - false
Significant continental ice sheets are found today only on these two landmasses.. -
Answers - -greenland
-antarctica
Antarctic ice shelves "grow" through resupply from their glacial source and these two
processes.... - Answers - -freezing of sea water to their base
-snow and ice accumulation to their tops
Mountain glaciers "move" through these two means... - Answers - -sliding
-internal plastic flow
The area where ice is added to the glacier is known as the zone of accumulation. What
is the area called where ice is lost from the glacier? - Answers - zone of ablation
A glacier can loose mass through the following three ways. - Answers - -melting
-calving
-evaporation
While a glacier is retreating, its ice is flowing ______ - Answers - towards the valley
, Most of the annual but seasonal snow cover is found in the - Answers - northern
hemisphere
Currently, about __% of the Northern Hemisphere experiences an annual snow cover -
Answers - 45%
The June Arctic snow cover extent has been decreasing since the 1960s by around
____________ per decade - Answers - 13.4%
The duration and extent of annual snow cover in the Arctic is decreasing because of an
increase in temperatures and the snow's ______________ albedo. - Answers -
decreasing
That part of the glacier in which crevasses grow is said to undergo _______________
deformation. - Answers - brittle
In order to make a mountain glacier you need.....(click all that apply) - Answers - -
snowfall in the winter
-gentle slope
-little wind exposure
-short summers with low average temps
Study of 6 major Arctic Siberian rivers has shown that ice formation happens
________________ in the year, and lasts __________________ in the Spring, as
compared to the 1950s. - Answers - later; shorter
The most extensive study of over 13,000 Arctic lakes since the late 90s has shown that
their ice surface breaks up ______________ in the Spring, compared to prior years. -
Answers - earlier and earlier
A study of 420 shallow lakes on the North Slope of Alaska since 1992 has shown that
__________ of these lakes are experiencing grounded ice (frozen all the way to the
bottom of the lake) conditions, every year. - Answers - fewer
Permafrost that forms consistently every year in the same place but thaws out
completely in the Spring and Summer is called.... - Answers - discontinuous permafrost
That part atop the continuous permafrost that thaws out in Spring and Summer is
called..... - Answers - the active layer
the oldest frozen mammoth carcasses retrieved from melting permafrost are around
____________ years old. - Answers - 45000
Continuous permafrost temperatures have ________ since the mid-1970s. - Answers -
increased(bad news)
