Page |1
ESRM 304 FINAL 2025| BRAND NEW ACTUAL
EXAM WITH 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT SOLUTIONS| GUARANTEED VALUE
PACK| ACE YOUR GRADES.
1. What is science? - correct answer - Accumulating knowledge, identifying
an interesting pattern in knowledge, justifying/rejecting theories and
explanations
2. Why is the scientific approach needed? - correct answer - To work
across disciplines; statistical methods is the language of research/
common in all fields
3. Nature of experiments - correct answer - Hypothesis, experimental
design, experimental execution, statistical analysis, interpretation / re-
hypothesis
4. manipulative experiments - correct answer - Randomization,
representation, replication, have the potential to reveal causation
5. Natural experiments - correct answer - Large scale, no randomization,
no replication, capable of revealing associations only
, Page |2
6. The Three R's of experiments - correct answer - Randomization,
representation, replication
7. IKONOS imagery - correct answer - Satellite used to collect high
resolution imagery, can be more accurate than field collected estimates
8. leaf area index - correct answer - ratio of total upper leaf surface of a
plant divided by the surface area of land on which it grows. Correlated to
NPP, rainfall interception, carbon sequestration, process-based
ecological models
9. Three basic navigation measurements - correct answer - Direction,
distance, elevation
10. Azimuths vs bearings - correct answer - Degrees from 0-360 vs N 50
W thing
11. Magnetic declination - correct answer - Magnetic north does not
coincide with geographic north. Declination is the angle between the
local magnetic field and true north
, Page |3
12. One chain - correct answer - 66 feet
13. Measuring slope distance (H) to find real distance - correct answer - L
= distance with slope
H = true distance
d = height
Alpha = small angle between H and L
H = L cos alpha
Or
H = square root of L^2 - d^2
14. How to find tree height - correct answer - Percent to top minus
percent to bottom / 100 X distance from tree
15. V shaped contours - correct answer - Indicate streams and drainage
with point of v pointing uphill
16. U shaped contours - correct answer - Indicate ridges with the bottom
of the u pointing downhill
17. Saddle - correct answer - A ridge between two hills or summits
ESRM 304 FINAL 2025| BRAND NEW ACTUAL
EXAM WITH 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT SOLUTIONS| GUARANTEED VALUE
PACK| ACE YOUR GRADES.
1. What is science? - correct answer - Accumulating knowledge, identifying
an interesting pattern in knowledge, justifying/rejecting theories and
explanations
2. Why is the scientific approach needed? - correct answer - To work
across disciplines; statistical methods is the language of research/
common in all fields
3. Nature of experiments - correct answer - Hypothesis, experimental
design, experimental execution, statistical analysis, interpretation / re-
hypothesis
4. manipulative experiments - correct answer - Randomization,
representation, replication, have the potential to reveal causation
5. Natural experiments - correct answer - Large scale, no randomization,
no replication, capable of revealing associations only
, Page |2
6. The Three R's of experiments - correct answer - Randomization,
representation, replication
7. IKONOS imagery - correct answer - Satellite used to collect high
resolution imagery, can be more accurate than field collected estimates
8. leaf area index - correct answer - ratio of total upper leaf surface of a
plant divided by the surface area of land on which it grows. Correlated to
NPP, rainfall interception, carbon sequestration, process-based
ecological models
9. Three basic navigation measurements - correct answer - Direction,
distance, elevation
10. Azimuths vs bearings - correct answer - Degrees from 0-360 vs N 50
W thing
11. Magnetic declination - correct answer - Magnetic north does not
coincide with geographic north. Declination is the angle between the
local magnetic field and true north
, Page |3
12. One chain - correct answer - 66 feet
13. Measuring slope distance (H) to find real distance - correct answer - L
= distance with slope
H = true distance
d = height
Alpha = small angle between H and L
H = L cos alpha
Or
H = square root of L^2 - d^2
14. How to find tree height - correct answer - Percent to top minus
percent to bottom / 100 X distance from tree
15. V shaped contours - correct answer - Indicate streams and drainage
with point of v pointing uphill
16. U shaped contours - correct answer - Indicate ridges with the bottom
of the u pointing downhill
17. Saddle - correct answer - A ridge between two hills or summits
