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Surgical Nursing, 8th Edition (Linton, 2023), Chapter 1-
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63 , 9780323826716 , All Chapters with Answers and Ratio
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nals
Whenpdescribingppatientpeducationpapproaches,pthepnursepeducatorpwouldpexplainpthat
pinformalpteachingpispanpapproachpthat
a.pfollowspformalizedpplans
b.phaspstandardizedpcontent
c.poftenpoccurspone-to-one
d.paddressespgrouppneedsp-
ppANSWERppppC.pInformalpteachingpispindividualizedponeponponepteachingpwhichpreprese
ntspthepmajoritypofppatientpeducationpdonepbypnursespthatpoccurspwhenpanpinterventionpi
spexplainedporpapquestionpispanswered.pGrouppneedsparepoftenpthepfocuspofpformalppatie
ntpeducationpcoursesporpclasses.pInformalpteachingpdoespnotpnecessarilypfollowpapspeci
ficpformalizedpplan.pItpmaypbepplannedpwithpspecificpcontent,pbutpitpispindividualizedpresp
onsesptoppatientpneeds.pFormalpteachingpinvolvespthepusepofpapcurriculum/coursepplanp
withpstandardizedpcontent.
Appatientpexpressespapstrongpinterestpinpreturningptoptheirpwork,pfamily,pandphobbiespaft
erphavingpapstroke.pWhichptheoryptypepwouldpthepnursepuseptopdeveloppapplanpofpcarepfo
rpthepbestpresultspofpthisppatient'spmotivationpstyle?
a.pfield
b.pbiological
c.pcognitive
d.psociologicp-
ppANSWERppppC.pCognitiveptheoristspbelievepthatpattention,prelevance,pconfidence,pandp
satisfactionp(ARCS)parepthepconditionspthat,pwhenpintegrated,pmotivatepsomeoneptoplea
rn.pFieldptheoristspplacepsignificanceponphowpachievement,ppower,pthepneedpforpaffiliatio
n,pandpavoidancepmotivespinfluencepindividualpbehavior.pSociologicptheoriesparepnotpinv
olvedpinpmotivation.
Thepnursepispassessingpapgrouppofpclients.pWhichpclientsparepatpgreaterpriskpforphypother
miaporpfrostbite?p(selectpallpthatpapply)
a.panpolderpwomanpwithphypertension
b.papyoungpmanpwithpapbodypmasspindexpofp42
c.papyoungpmanypwhophaspjustpconsumedpsixpmartinis
d.panpolderpmanpwhopsmokespappackpofpcigarettespapday
e.papyoungpwomanpwhopispanorexic
,f.papyoungpwomanpwhopispdiabeticp-ppANSWERppppC,pD,pE,pF
clientspwithppoorpnutrition,pfatigue,pandpmultiplepchronicpillnessesparepatpgreaterpriskpforp
hypothermia.pClientspwhopsmoke,pconsumepalcohol,porphavepimpairedpperipheralpcircul
ationphavepaphigherpincidencepofpfrostbite.
Whichpstatementpmadepbypapnurseprepresentspthepneedpforpfurtherpeducationpregarding
ppainpmanagementpinpolderpadultpclients?
a.polderpadultsptendptopreportppainplesspoftenpthanpyoungerpadults
b.polderpclientspusuallyphavepmorepexperiencepwithppainpthanpyoungerpclients
c.polderpadultsparepatpgreatestpriskpforpunderptreatedppain
d.polderpclientsphavepapdifferentppainpmechanismpandpdopnotpfeelpitpaspmuchp-
ppANSWERppppD
Therepispnopevidenceptopsupportpthepideapthatpolderpadultpclientspperceiveppainpanypdiffe
rentlypthanpyoungerpclients.pThepotherpstatementsparepaccuratepregardingpolderpclientsp
andppain.
Thepnursepispworkingpatpapfirstpaidpboothpforpapspringptrainingpgameponpaphotpday.pApspec
tatorpcomespin,preportingpthatphepispnotpfeelingpwell.pVitalpsignspareptempp104.1pF,ppulsep
132pBPM,prespirsp26pbreaths/min,pandpbloodppressurep106/66pmmpHg.pHeptripspoverphi
spfeetpaspthepnursepleadsphimptopapcot.pWhatpisptheppriorypactionpofpthepnurse?
a.padminptylenolp650pmgporally
b.pencourageprest,pandpreassesspinp15pminutes
c.pspongepthepvictimpwithpcoolpwaterpandpremovephispshirt
d.pencouragepdrinkingpofpcoolpwaterporpsportspdrinkp-ppANSWERppppC
Thepspectatorpshowspsignspofpheatpstroke,pwhichpispapmedicalpemergency.pThepspectat
orpshouldpbeptransportedptopthepEDpASAP.pThepnurspshouldptakepactionsptoplowerphispbo
dyptemppinptehpmeantimepbypremovingphispshirtpandpspongingphispbodypwithpcoolpwater.p
Loweringpbodyptemppbypdrinkingpcoolpfluidsporptakingpacetaminophenpispnotpaspeffective
pinpanpemergencypsituation.pThepclientpneedsptopbepcooledpquicklypandpispapprioritypforptr
eatment
ThepclientpispreceivingpanpIVpofp60pmEqpofppotassiumpchloridepinap1000pmLpsolutionpofpd
extrosep5%pinp0.45%psaline.pThepclientpstatespthatpthepareaparoundpthepIVpsitepburns.pW
hatpinterventionpdoespthepnursepperformpfirst?
a.passesspforpapbloodpreturn
b.pnotifypthepphysician
c.pdocumentpthepfinding
d.pstoppthepIVpinfusionp-ppANSWERppppD
Potassiumpispapsevereptissuepirritant.pThepsafestpactionpisptopdiscontinuepthepsolutionpth
atpcontainsptheppotassiumpandpdiscontinuepthepIVpaltogether,pinpwhichpcasepthepclientpw
ouldpneedpanotherpsitepstarted.pAssessingpforpapbloodpreturnpmayporpmaypnotpbepsucces
sful.pThepsolutionpcouldpbepdilutedp(lessppotassium)pandpthepratepcouldpbepslowedponcep
itpispdeterminedpthatpthepneedlepispinpthepvein.
,Apnursepispcaringpforpanpolderpadultpclientpwhoplivespalone.pWhichpeconomicpsituationppr
esentspthepmostpseriouspproblempforpthispclient?
a.pcostspofpcreatingpaplivingpwill
b.pstockpmarketpfluctuations
c.pincreasedpproviderpbenefits
d.psocialpsecuritypaspthepbasispofpincomep-ppANSWERppppD
Olderpadultsponpfixedpincomesparepunableptopadjustptheirpincomeptopmeetprisingpcostspas
sociatedpwithpmeetingpbasicpneeds
Controllingppainpispimportantptoppromotingpwellness.pUnrelievedppainphaspbeenpassocia
tedpwithp
a.pprolongedpstresspresponsepandpapcascadepofpharmfulpeffectspsystempwide.
b.pdecreasedptumorpgrowthpandplongevity
c.plargeptidalpvolumespandpdecreasedplungpcapacity
d.pdecreasedpcarbohydrate,pprotein,pandpfatpdestructionp-ppANSWERppppA
Painptriggerspapnumberpofpphysiologicpstresspresponsespinpthephumanpbody.pUnrelieved
ppainpcanpprolongpthepstresspresponsepandpproducepapcascadepofpharmfulpeffectspinpallp
bodypsystems.pThepstresspresponsepcausespthependocrinepsystemptopreleasepexcessiv
epamountspofphormones,psuchpaspcortisol,pcatecholamines,pandpglucagon.pInsulinpandpt
estosteroneplevelspdecrease.pIncreasedpendocrinepactivitypinpturnpinitiatespapnumberpofp
metabolicpprocesses,pinpparticular,pacceleratedpcarbohydrate,pprotein,pandpfatpdestructi
on,pwhcihpcanpresultpinpweightploss,ptachycardia,pincreasedprespiratoryprate,pshock,pand
pevenpdeath.pThepimmunepsystempispalsopaffectedpbyppainpaspdemonstratedpbypresearc
hpshowingpaplinkpbetweenpunrelievedppainpandpaphigherpincidencepofpnosocomialpinfecti
onspandpincreasedptumorpgrowth.pLargeptidalpvolumesparepnotpassociatedpwithppainpwhil
epdecreasedplungpcapacitypispassociatedpwithpunrelievedppain.pDecreasedptumorpgrowt
hpandplongevityparepnotpassociatedpwithpunrelievedppain.pDecreasedpcarbs,pprotein,pan
dpfatparepnotpassociatedpwithppainporpstresspresponse.
Whichpinterventionpinpapclientpwithpdehydrationpinducedpconfusionpispmostplikelyptoprelie
vepthepconfusion?
a.pincreasingpthepIVpflowprateptop250pmL/hr
b.papplyingpoxygenpbypmaskporpnasalpcannula
c.pplacingpthepclientpinpaphighpFowler'spposition
d.pMeasuringpintakepandpoutputpeverypfourphoursp-ppANSWERppppA
Dehydrationpmostpfrequentlypleadsptoppoorpcerebrapperfusionpandpcerebralphypoxia,pca
usingpconfusion.pApplyingpoxygenpcanpreducepconfusion,pevenpifpperfusionpispstillplesspt
hanpoptimum.pIncreasingpthepIVpflowpratepwouldpincreasepperfusion.pHowever,pdependi
ngponpthepdegreepofpdehydration,prehydratingptheppersonptooprapidlypwithpIVpfluidspcanpl
eadptopcerebralpedema.
Whichpclientpispatpgreatestpriskpforpdehydration?
a.pyoungerpadultpclientponpbedrest
b.polderpadultpclientpreceivingphypotonicpIVpfluid
, c.polderpadultpclientpwithpcognitivepimpairment
d.pyoungerpadultpclientpreceivingphypertonicpIVpfluidp-ppANSWERppppC
Olderpadults,pbecauseptheyphaveplessptotalpbodypwaterpthanpyoungerpadults,parepatpgrea
terpriskpforpdevelopmentpofpdehydration.pAnyonepwhopispcognitivelypimpairedpandpcanno
tpobtainpfluidspindependentlyporpcannotpmakephisporpherpneedpforpfluidspknownpispatphighp
riskpforpdehydration
Apnursepispcaringpforpseveralpclients.pWhichpclientpdoespthepnursepassesspmostpcarefully
pforphyperkalemia?
a.pclientpwithptypep2pdiabetesptakingpanporalpanti-diabeticpagent
b.pclientpwithpheartpfailurepusingpapsaltpsubstitute
c.pclientptakingpapthiazidepdiureticpforphypertension
d.pclientptakingpnon-steroidalpanti-inflammatorypdrugspdailyp-ppANSWERppppB
Manypsaltpsubstitutesparepcomposedpofppotassiumpchloride.pHeavypusepcnapcontributept
opthepdevelopmentpofphyperkalemia.pThepclientpshouldpbeptaughtptopreadplabelspandptopc
hoosepapsaltpsubstitutepthatpdoespnotpcontainppotassium.pNSAIDsppromotepthepretentio
npofpsodiumpbutpnotppotassium.
Anpolderpadultpclientppresentspwithpsignspandpsymptomsprelatedptopdigptoxicity.pWhichpa
geprelatedpchangepmayphavepcontributedptopthispproblem?
a.pdecreasedprenalpbloodpflow
b.pincreasedpgastrointestinalpmotility
c.pdecreasedpratiopofpadiposeptissueptopleanpbodypmass
d.pincreasedptotalpbodypwaterp-ppANSWERppppA
Decreasedprenalpbloodpflowpandpreducedpglomerularpfiltrationpcanpresultpinpslowerpmedi
cationpexcretionptime,ppotentiallypleadingptoptoxicpdrugpaccumulation.pAgingpresultspinpd
ecreasedptotalpbodypwaterpandpgastrointestinalpmotilitypandpanpincreasepinpthepratiopofpa
diposeptissueptopleanpbodypmass,pbutpispnotprelatedptopdigptoxicity.
Apclientpispbeingptreatedpforpdehydration.pWhichpstatementpmadepbypthepclientpindicatesp
understandingpofpthispcondition?
a.pIpwillpusepapsaltpsubstitutepwhenpmakingpandpeatingpmypmeals.
b.pIpmustpdrinkpapquartpofpwaterporpotherpliquidpeachpday.
c.pIpwillpnotpdrinkpliquidspafterp6pPMpsopIpwon'tphaveptopgetpuppatpnight.
d.pIpwillpweighpmyselfpeachpmorningpbeforepIpeatporpdrink.p-ppANSWERppppD
Becausep1pLpofpwaterpweighsp1pkg,pchangepinpbodypweightpispapgoodpmeasurepofpexces
spfluidplossporpfluidpretention.pWeightplosspgreaterpthanp0.5plbpdailypispindicativepofpexces
sivepfluidploss.pThepotherpstatementsparepnotpindicativepofppracticespthatpwillppreventpde
hydration.
Thepnursepnotespthatpthephandgrippofpthepclientpwithphypokalemiaphaspdiminishedpsincep
theppreviouspassessmentponephourpago.pWhichpinterventionpbypthepnursepisptheppriority
?