,Porth’s Pathophysiology 10th Edition Norris Test Bank
j j j j j j
1. Atjanjinternationaljnursingjconference,jmanyjdiscussionsjandjbreakoutjsessionsjfocusedjonjt
hejWorldjHealthjOrganizationj(WHO)jviewsjonjhealth.jOfjthejfollowingjcommentsjmadejb
yjnursesjduringjajdiscussionjsession,jwhichjstatementsjwouldjbejconsideredjajgoodjrepresen
tationjofjthejWHOjdefinition?jSelectjalljthatjapply.
A) Interestsjinjkeepingjthejelderlyjpopulationjengagedjinjsuchjactivitiesjasjbookjrev
iewsjandjwordjgamesjduringjsocialjtime
B) Increasejinjthejnumberjofjchairjaerobicsjclassesjprovidedjinjthejskilledjcarejfaci
lities
C) Interventionsjgearedjtowardjkeepingjthejelderlyjpopulationjdiagnosedjwithjdiabetesj
mellitusjunderjtightjbloodjglucosejcontroljbyjprovidingjin-homejcookingjclasses
D) Providingjtransportationjforjrenaljdialysisjpatientsjtojandjfromjtheirjhemodialysisjses
sions
E) ProvidingjhandwashingjteachingjsessionsjtojajgroupjofjyoungjchildrenjAn
s:jA,jB,jC,jE
Feedback:
ThejWHOjdefinitionjofjhealthjisjdefinedjasj“ajstatejofjcompletejphysical,jmental,jandjsocialj
well-
beingjandjnotjmerelyjthejabsencejofjdiseasejandjinfirmity.”jEngagingjinjbookjreviewsjfacilit
atesjmentaljandjsocialjwell-being;jchairjaerobicsjhelpsjfacilitatejphysicaljwell-
being;jandjassistingjwithjtightjcontroljofjdiabetesjhelpsjwithjfacilitatingjphysicaljwell-
beingjevenjthoughjthejpersonjhasjajchronicjdisease.jHandwashingjisjvitaljinjthejpreventionjof
jdiseasejandjspread jofjgerms.
2. Ajcommunityjhealthjnursejisjteachingjajgroupjofjrecentjgraduatesjaboutjthejlargejvariet
yjofjfactorsjthatjinfluencejanjindividual'sjhealthjorjlackjthereof.jThejnursejisjreferringjtojt
hejHealthyjPeoplej2020jreportjfromjthejU.S.jDepartmentjofjHealthjandjHumanjServicesj
asjajteachingjexample.jOfjthejfollowingjaspectsjdiscussed,jwhichjwouldjbejconsideredja
jdeterminant jofjhealthjthatjisjoutsidejthejfocusjofjthisjreport?
A) ThejclientjhasjajdiversejbackgroundjbyjbeingjofjAsianjandjNativejAmericanjdesce
ntjandjpracticesjvariousjalternativejtherapiesjtojminimizejeffectsjofjstress.
B) Thejclientjhasjajfamilyjhistoryjofjcardiovascularjdiseasejrelatedjtojhypercholes
terolemiajandjremainsjnoncompliantjwithjthejtreatmentjregime.
C) Thejclientjhasjajgoodjcareerjwithjexceptionaljpreventativejhealthjcarejbenefits.
D) Thejclientjlivesjinjanjaffluent,jclean,jsuburbanjcommunityjwithjaccessjtojmanyjheal
thjcarejfacilities.
Ans:jB
Feedback:
InjHealthyjPeoplej2020,jthejfocusjisjtojpromotejgoodjhealthjtojallj(suchjasjusingjalternativejt
herapiesjtojminimizejeffectsjofjstress);jachievingjhealthjequityjandjpromotingjhealthjforjallj(
whichjincludesjhavingjgoodjhealthjcarejbenefits);jandjpromotingjgoodjhealthj(whichjinclud
esjlivingjinjajcleanjcommunityjwithjgoodjaccessjtojhealthjcare).jAjclient'sjnoncompliancejwi
thjtreatmentsjtojcontroljhighjcholesteroljlevelsjwithinjthejpresencejofjajfamilyjhistoryjofjCVj
diseasejdoesjnotjmeetjthej“attainingjlivesjfreejofjpreventablejdiseasejandjprematurejdeath”jd
eterminant.
,3. Ajphysicianjisjprovidingjcarejforjajnumberjofjpatientsjonjajmedicaljunitjofjajlarge,juniversityj
hospital.jThejphysicianjisjdiscussingjwithjajcolleaguejthejdifferentiationjbetweenjdiseasesjth
atjarejcausedjbyjabnormaljmoleculesjandjdiseasesjthatjcausejdisease.jWhichjofjthejfollowingj
patientsjmostjclearlyjdemonstratesjthejconsequencesjofjmoleculesjthatjcausejdisease?
A) Aj31-year-
oldjwomanjwithjsicklejcelljanemiajwhojisjreceivingjajtransfusionjofjpackedjredjblo
odjcells
B) Aj91-year-
oldjwomanjwhojhasjexperiencedjanjischemicjstrokejresultingjfromjfamilialjhyper
cholesterolemia
C) Aj19-year-
oldjmanjwithjexacerbationjofjhisjcysticjfibrosisjrequiringjoxygenjtherapyjandjc
hestjphysiotherapy
D) Aj30-year-
oldjhomelessjmanjwhojhasjPneumocystisjcariniijpneumoniaj(PCP)jandjisjHIVjpositiv
e.
Ans:jD
Feedback:
PCPjisjanjexamplejofjthejeffectjofjajmoleculejthatjdirectlyjcontributesjtojdisease.jSicklejcellja
nemia,jfamilialjhypercholesterolemia,jandjcysticjfibrosisjarejalljexamplesjofjthejeffectsjofja
bnormaljmolecules.
4. Ajmemberjofjthejhealthjcarejteamjisjresearchingjthejetiologyjandjpathogenesisjofjajnumbe
rjofjclientsjwhojarejunderjhisjcarejinjajhospitaljcontext.jWhichjofjthejfollowingjaspectsjofjcli
ents'jsituationsjbN
esUtjR
chSaI
raN
ctGerTizBe.
sjpCaOt hMo g e n e s i s jratherjthanjetiology?
A) AjclientjwhojhasjbeenjexposedjtojthejMycobacteriumjtuberculosisjbacterium
B) Ajclientjwhojhasjincreasingjserumjammoniajlevelsjduejtojliverjcirrhosis
C) Ajclientjwhojwasjadmittedjwithjthejeffectsjofjmethyljalcoholjpoisoning
D) AjclientjwithjmultiplejskeletaljinjuriesjsecondaryjtojajmotorjvehiclejaccidentjAn
s:jB
Feedback:
Pathogenesisjrefersjtojthejprogressivejandjevolutionaryjcoursejofjdisease,jsuchjasjthejincreas
ingjammoniajlevelsjthatjaccompanyjliverjdisease.jBacteria,jpoisons,jandjtraumaticjinjuriesja
rejexamplesjofjetiologicjfactors.
, 5. Ajnewjmyocardialjinfarctionjpatientjrequiringjangioplastyjandjstentjplacementjhasjarrivedjt
ojhisjfirstjcardiacjrehabilitationjappointment.jInjthisjfirstjsession,jajreviewjofjthejpathogenes
isjofjcoronaryjarteryjdiseasejisjaddressed.jWhichjstatementjbyjthejpatientjverifiesjtojthejnurse
jthatjhejhasjunderstoodjthejnurse'sjteachingsjaboutjcoronaryjarteryjdisease?
A) “AlljIjhavejtojdojisjstopjsmoking,jandjthenjIjwon'tjhavejanyjmorejheartattacks.”
B) “Myjarteryjwasjcloggedjbyjfat,jsojIjwilljneedjtojstopjeatingjfattyjfoodsjlikejFren
chjfriesjeveryjday.”
C) “Soundsjlikejthisjbeganjbecausejofjinflammationjinsidejmyjarteryjthatjmadejitjeas
yjtojformjfattyjstreaks,jwhichjleadjtojmyjcloggedjartery.”
D) “IfjIjdojnotjexercisejregularlyjtojgetjmyjheartjratejup,jbloodjpoolsjinjthejveinsjcausingj
ajclotjthatjstopsjbloodjflowjtojthejmuscle,jandjIjwilljhavejajheartjattack.”
Ans:jC
Feedback:
Thejtruejetiology/causejofjcoronaryjarteryjdiseasej(CAD)jisjunknown;jhowever,jthejpathog
enesisjofjthejdisorderjrelatesjtojthejprogressionjofjthejinflammatoryjprocessjfromjajfattyjstrea
kjtojthejocclusivejvesseljlesionjseenjinjpeoplejwithjcoronaryjarteryjdisease.jRiskjfactorsjforj
CADjrevolvejaroundjcigarettejsmoking,jdietjhighjinjfat,jandjlackjofjexercise.
6. Aj77-year-
oldjmanjisjajhospitaljinpatientjadmittedjforjexacerbationjofjhisjchronicjobstructivejpulmona
ryjdiseasej(COPD),jandjajrespiratoryjtherapistj(RT)jisjassessingjthejclientjforjthejfirstjtime.j
WhichNU ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMectsjofjthejpatient'sjcurrentjstatejofjhealthjwouldjbejbestjcharact
erizedjasjajsymptomjratherjthanjajsign?
A) Thejpatient'sjoxygenjsaturationjisj83%jbyjpulsejoxymetry.
B) Thejpatientjnotesjthatjhejhasjincreasedjworkjofjbreathingjwhenjlyingjsupine.
C) ThejRTjhearsjdiminishedjbreathjsoundsjtojthejpatient'sjlowerjlungjfieldsjbila
terally.
D) Thejpatient'sjrespiratoryjratejisj31jbreaths/minute.jA
ns:jB
Feedback:
Symptomsjarejsubjectivejcomplaintsjbyjthejpersonjexperiencingjthejhealthjproblem,jsuc
hjasjcomplaintsjofjbreathingjdifficulty.jOxygenjlevels,jlisteningjtojbreathjsounds,jandjres
piratoryjratejarejalljobjective,jobservablejsignsjofjdisease.
j j j j j j
1. Atjanjinternationaljnursingjconference,jmanyjdiscussionsjandjbreakoutjsessionsjfocusedjonjt
hejWorldjHealthjOrganizationj(WHO)jviewsjonjhealth.jOfjthejfollowingjcommentsjmadejb
yjnursesjduringjajdiscussionjsession,jwhichjstatementsjwouldjbejconsideredjajgoodjrepresen
tationjofjthejWHOjdefinition?jSelectjalljthatjapply.
A) Interestsjinjkeepingjthejelderlyjpopulationjengagedjinjsuchjactivitiesjasjbookjrev
iewsjandjwordjgamesjduringjsocialjtime
B) Increasejinjthejnumberjofjchairjaerobicsjclassesjprovidedjinjthejskilledjcarejfaci
lities
C) Interventionsjgearedjtowardjkeepingjthejelderlyjpopulationjdiagnosedjwithjdiabetesj
mellitusjunderjtightjbloodjglucosejcontroljbyjprovidingjin-homejcookingjclasses
D) Providingjtransportationjforjrenaljdialysisjpatientsjtojandjfromjtheirjhemodialysisjses
sions
E) ProvidingjhandwashingjteachingjsessionsjtojajgroupjofjyoungjchildrenjAn
s:jA,jB,jC,jE
Feedback:
ThejWHOjdefinitionjofjhealthjisjdefinedjasj“ajstatejofjcompletejphysical,jmental,jandjsocialj
well-
beingjandjnotjmerelyjthejabsencejofjdiseasejandjinfirmity.”jEngagingjinjbookjreviewsjfacilit
atesjmentaljandjsocialjwell-being;jchairjaerobicsjhelpsjfacilitatejphysicaljwell-
being;jandjassistingjwithjtightjcontroljofjdiabetesjhelpsjwithjfacilitatingjphysicaljwell-
beingjevenjthoughjthejpersonjhasjajchronicjdisease.jHandwashingjisjvitaljinjthejpreventionjof
jdiseasejandjspread jofjgerms.
2. Ajcommunityjhealthjnursejisjteachingjajgroupjofjrecentjgraduatesjaboutjthejlargejvariet
yjofjfactorsjthatjinfluencejanjindividual'sjhealthjorjlackjthereof.jThejnursejisjreferringjtojt
hejHealthyjPeoplej2020jreportjfromjthejU.S.jDepartmentjofjHealthjandjHumanjServicesj
asjajteachingjexample.jOfjthejfollowingjaspectsjdiscussed,jwhichjwouldjbejconsideredja
jdeterminant jofjhealthjthatjisjoutsidejthejfocusjofjthisjreport?
A) ThejclientjhasjajdiversejbackgroundjbyjbeingjofjAsianjandjNativejAmericanjdesce
ntjandjpracticesjvariousjalternativejtherapiesjtojminimizejeffectsjofjstress.
B) Thejclientjhasjajfamilyjhistoryjofjcardiovascularjdiseasejrelatedjtojhypercholes
terolemiajandjremainsjnoncompliantjwithjthejtreatmentjregime.
C) Thejclientjhasjajgoodjcareerjwithjexceptionaljpreventativejhealthjcarejbenefits.
D) Thejclientjlivesjinjanjaffluent,jclean,jsuburbanjcommunityjwithjaccessjtojmanyjheal
thjcarejfacilities.
Ans:jB
Feedback:
InjHealthyjPeoplej2020,jthejfocusjisjtojpromotejgoodjhealthjtojallj(suchjasjusingjalternativejt
herapiesjtojminimizejeffectsjofjstress);jachievingjhealthjequityjandjpromotingjhealthjforjallj(
whichjincludesjhavingjgoodjhealthjcarejbenefits);jandjpromotingjgoodjhealthj(whichjinclud
esjlivingjinjajcleanjcommunityjwithjgoodjaccessjtojhealthjcare).jAjclient'sjnoncompliancejwi
thjtreatmentsjtojcontroljhighjcholesteroljlevelsjwithinjthejpresencejofjajfamilyjhistoryjofjCVj
diseasejdoesjnotjmeetjthej“attainingjlivesjfreejofjpreventablejdiseasejandjprematurejdeath”jd
eterminant.
,3. Ajphysicianjisjprovidingjcarejforjajnumberjofjpatientsjonjajmedicaljunitjofjajlarge,juniversityj
hospital.jThejphysicianjisjdiscussingjwithjajcolleaguejthejdifferentiationjbetweenjdiseasesjth
atjarejcausedjbyjabnormaljmoleculesjandjdiseasesjthatjcausejdisease.jWhichjofjthejfollowingj
patientsjmostjclearlyjdemonstratesjthejconsequencesjofjmoleculesjthatjcausejdisease?
A) Aj31-year-
oldjwomanjwithjsicklejcelljanemiajwhojisjreceivingjajtransfusionjofjpackedjredjblo
odjcells
B) Aj91-year-
oldjwomanjwhojhasjexperiencedjanjischemicjstrokejresultingjfromjfamilialjhyper
cholesterolemia
C) Aj19-year-
oldjmanjwithjexacerbationjofjhisjcysticjfibrosisjrequiringjoxygenjtherapyjandjc
hestjphysiotherapy
D) Aj30-year-
oldjhomelessjmanjwhojhasjPneumocystisjcariniijpneumoniaj(PCP)jandjisjHIVjpositiv
e.
Ans:jD
Feedback:
PCPjisjanjexamplejofjthejeffectjofjajmoleculejthatjdirectlyjcontributesjtojdisease.jSicklejcellja
nemia,jfamilialjhypercholesterolemia,jandjcysticjfibrosisjarejalljexamplesjofjthejeffectsjofja
bnormaljmolecules.
4. Ajmemberjofjthejhealthjcarejteamjisjresearchingjthejetiologyjandjpathogenesisjofjajnumbe
rjofjclientsjwhojarejunderjhisjcarejinjajhospitaljcontext.jWhichjofjthejfollowingjaspectsjofjcli
ents'jsituationsjbN
esUtjR
chSaI
raN
ctGerTizBe.
sjpCaOt hMo g e n e s i s jratherjthanjetiology?
A) AjclientjwhojhasjbeenjexposedjtojthejMycobacteriumjtuberculosisjbacterium
B) Ajclientjwhojhasjincreasingjserumjammoniajlevelsjduejtojliverjcirrhosis
C) Ajclientjwhojwasjadmittedjwithjthejeffectsjofjmethyljalcoholjpoisoning
D) AjclientjwithjmultiplejskeletaljinjuriesjsecondaryjtojajmotorjvehiclejaccidentjAn
s:jB
Feedback:
Pathogenesisjrefersjtojthejprogressivejandjevolutionaryjcoursejofjdisease,jsuchjasjthejincreas
ingjammoniajlevelsjthatjaccompanyjliverjdisease.jBacteria,jpoisons,jandjtraumaticjinjuriesja
rejexamplesjofjetiologicjfactors.
, 5. Ajnewjmyocardialjinfarctionjpatientjrequiringjangioplastyjandjstentjplacementjhasjarrivedjt
ojhisjfirstjcardiacjrehabilitationjappointment.jInjthisjfirstjsession,jajreviewjofjthejpathogenes
isjofjcoronaryjarteryjdiseasejisjaddressed.jWhichjstatementjbyjthejpatientjverifiesjtojthejnurse
jthatjhejhasjunderstoodjthejnurse'sjteachingsjaboutjcoronaryjarteryjdisease?
A) “AlljIjhavejtojdojisjstopjsmoking,jandjthenjIjwon'tjhavejanyjmorejheartattacks.”
B) “Myjarteryjwasjcloggedjbyjfat,jsojIjwilljneedjtojstopjeatingjfattyjfoodsjlikejFren
chjfriesjeveryjday.”
C) “Soundsjlikejthisjbeganjbecausejofjinflammationjinsidejmyjarteryjthatjmadejitjeas
yjtojformjfattyjstreaks,jwhichjleadjtojmyjcloggedjartery.”
D) “IfjIjdojnotjexercisejregularlyjtojgetjmyjheartjratejup,jbloodjpoolsjinjthejveinsjcausingj
ajclotjthatjstopsjbloodjflowjtojthejmuscle,jandjIjwilljhavejajheartjattack.”
Ans:jC
Feedback:
Thejtruejetiology/causejofjcoronaryjarteryjdiseasej(CAD)jisjunknown;jhowever,jthejpathog
enesisjofjthejdisorderjrelatesjtojthejprogressionjofjthejinflammatoryjprocessjfromjajfattyjstrea
kjtojthejocclusivejvesseljlesionjseenjinjpeoplejwithjcoronaryjarteryjdisease.jRiskjfactorsjforj
CADjrevolvejaroundjcigarettejsmoking,jdietjhighjinjfat,jandjlackjofjexercise.
6. Aj77-year-
oldjmanjisjajhospitaljinpatientjadmittedjforjexacerbationjofjhisjchronicjobstructivejpulmona
ryjdiseasej(COPD),jandjajrespiratoryjtherapistj(RT)jisjassessingjthejclientjforjthejfirstjtime.j
WhichNU ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMectsjofjthejpatient'sjcurrentjstatejofjhealthjwouldjbejbestjcharact
erizedjasjajsymptomjratherjthanjajsign?
A) Thejpatient'sjoxygenjsaturationjisj83%jbyjpulsejoxymetry.
B) Thejpatientjnotesjthatjhejhasjincreasedjworkjofjbreathingjwhenjlyingjsupine.
C) ThejRTjhearsjdiminishedjbreathjsoundsjtojthejpatient'sjlowerjlungjfieldsjbila
terally.
D) Thejpatient'sjrespiratoryjratejisj31jbreaths/minute.jA
ns:jB
Feedback:
Symptomsjarejsubjectivejcomplaintsjbyjthejpersonjexperiencingjthejhealthjproblem,jsuc
hjasjcomplaintsjofjbreathingjdifficulty.jOxygenjlevels,jlisteningjtojbreathjsounds,jandjres
piratoryjratejarejalljobjective,jobservablejsignsjofjdisease.
