COURSE TITLE: BIOSTATISTICS
COURSE CODE: BIO 206
COURSE GUIDE
INTRODUCTION;
Statistics for Agriculture and Biology sciences (206) is a second semester
course. It is a two credit unit compulsory course which all students
offering Bachelor of Science (BSc) in Biology must take.
Statistics is a familiar and accepted part of modern world that is concern
with obtaining an insight into the real word by means of the analysis of
numerical relationships. It is used in amost all fields of human endevour. It
is applied in sports, public health, education, surveys, operations research,
quality control, estimation and prediction.
Since this course Statistics for Agriculture and Biology sciences entails
analysis of numerical relationships, we will focus on the meaning of
statistics and biostatistics(collections of quantitative information and
method of handling such data,drawing inferences on the basis of
observation), also frequency of distribution,probability,
hypothesis,correlation and regression,covariance, ANOVA and the use of
statistical package.
What you will learn in this course
In this course, you have the course units and a course guide. The course
guide will tell you briefly what the course is all about. It is a general
overview of the course materials you will be using and how to use those
materials. It also helps you to allocate the appropriate time to each unit so
that you can successfully complete the course within the stipulated time
limit.
The course guide also helps you to know how to go about your
TutorMarked-Assignment which will form part of your overall assessment
at the end of the course. Also, there will be tutorial classes that are related
to this course, where you can interact with your facilitators and other
students. Please I encourage you to attend these tutorial classes.
This course exposes you data collection, management and analysis, the
knowledge will be helpful during your project data collection and analysis,
it is indeed very interesting field of Biology.
,Course Aims
This course aims to enable you to know/understand the use of different
statistical and biostatistical analysis and packages for biological sciences
and agricultural data interpretations and inference.
Course Objectives
To achieve the aim set above, there are objectives. Each unit has a set of
objectives presented at the beginning of the unit. These objectives will
give you what to concentrate and focus on while studying the unit and
during your study to check your progress.
The Comprehensive Objectives of the Course are given below. At the end
of the course/after going through this course, you should be able to:
• Discuss the use of statistics in area of biology, agriculture and
medicine
• Discuss the different sampling methods and understand the
purpose and importance of sampling
• Mention type of frequency distribution.
• Organise data using frequency distribution.
• Explain the normal, poisson and binomial distributions
• Computethe probabilies in poisson and binomial probability
distributions
• State the null and alternative statistical hypothesis
• Determine the level of confidence in a biological data
• Explain the relationship between type I and II errors
• Explain the purpose of goodnessof fit test
• Compute correlation and regression
• Explain types of correlation and Regression
• Explain the principle of experimental design
• Define Anova and test statistical hypothesis using Anova
• Compute the spear rank correlation coefficient
• Give the difference between non-parametric and parametric test
• Describe the applications of SPSS and MINITAB in different
statistical procedures
, • Mention example of statistical tools in the statistical packages.
Working through the Course
To successfully complete this course. You are required to read each study
unit, read the textbooks and other materials provided by the National Open
University.
Reading the reference materials can also be of great assistance.
Each unit has self –assessment exercise which you are advised to do. At
certain periods during the course you will be required to submit your
assignments for the purpose of assessment.
There will be a final examination at the end of the course. The course
should take you about17 weeks to complete.
This course guide provides you with all the components of the course, how
to go about studying and how you should allocate your time to each unit
so as to finish on time and successfully.
The Course Materials
The main components of the course are:
1 The Study Guide
2 Study Units
3 Reference/ Further Readings
4 Assignments
5 Presentation Schedule
Study Units
The study units in this course are given below:
BIO 206 Statistics for Agriculture and Biology sciences (2 UNITS)
Unit 1: Use of Statistics in Biology and Agriculture
Unit 2: Frequency distribution
Unit 3: Probability distributions
Unit 4: Estimation and hypothesis testing
Unit 5: Contigency tables
Unit 6: Correlation , Regression and covariance
Unit 7: Simple Experimental design and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
, Unit 8: Non-Parametric Tests
Unit 9: Use of statistical packages
In unit one, the mening of statistics and biostatistics, the application of
statistics in biology-related fields and the limitation of such applications
Unit two and three explain frequency distribution types,and how it can be
use to organise data.Also types of probability distribution; normal, poisson
and binomial.
Unit four and five are concerned with estimation and hypothesis testing;
null and alternative hypotheses,level of confidence in biological data,Test
hypotheses involving means using z and t tests.Also, contigency
tables;chi-square distribution and goodness of fit test.
Unit six deals with correlation and regression and covariance; bivariate
distribution and scatter diagram.
Unit seven and eight explain simple experimental design and analysis of
variance (ANOVA);principle of experimentation and Anova and test
statistical hypothesis. Also, Non-parametric tests; Sign test and Kruskal
Wallis test.
Unit nine discusses the SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and
MINITAB
Each unit will take a week or two lectures, will include an introduction,
objectives, reading materials, self assessment question(s), conclusion,
summary, tutor-marked assignments (TMAs), references and other reading
resources.
There are activities related to the lecture in each unit which will help your
progress and comprehension of the unit. You are required to work on these
exercises which together with the TMAs will enable you to achieve the
objective of each unit.
Presentation Schedule
There is a time-table prepared for the early and timely completion and
submissions of your TMAs as well as attending the tutorial classes. You
are required to submit all your assignments by the stipulated date and time.
Avoid falling behind the schedule time.
Assessment
There are three aspects to the assessment of this course.
COURSE CODE: BIO 206
COURSE GUIDE
INTRODUCTION;
Statistics for Agriculture and Biology sciences (206) is a second semester
course. It is a two credit unit compulsory course which all students
offering Bachelor of Science (BSc) in Biology must take.
Statistics is a familiar and accepted part of modern world that is concern
with obtaining an insight into the real word by means of the analysis of
numerical relationships. It is used in amost all fields of human endevour. It
is applied in sports, public health, education, surveys, operations research,
quality control, estimation and prediction.
Since this course Statistics for Agriculture and Biology sciences entails
analysis of numerical relationships, we will focus on the meaning of
statistics and biostatistics(collections of quantitative information and
method of handling such data,drawing inferences on the basis of
observation), also frequency of distribution,probability,
hypothesis,correlation and regression,covariance, ANOVA and the use of
statistical package.
What you will learn in this course
In this course, you have the course units and a course guide. The course
guide will tell you briefly what the course is all about. It is a general
overview of the course materials you will be using and how to use those
materials. It also helps you to allocate the appropriate time to each unit so
that you can successfully complete the course within the stipulated time
limit.
The course guide also helps you to know how to go about your
TutorMarked-Assignment which will form part of your overall assessment
at the end of the course. Also, there will be tutorial classes that are related
to this course, where you can interact with your facilitators and other
students. Please I encourage you to attend these tutorial classes.
This course exposes you data collection, management and analysis, the
knowledge will be helpful during your project data collection and analysis,
it is indeed very interesting field of Biology.
,Course Aims
This course aims to enable you to know/understand the use of different
statistical and biostatistical analysis and packages for biological sciences
and agricultural data interpretations and inference.
Course Objectives
To achieve the aim set above, there are objectives. Each unit has a set of
objectives presented at the beginning of the unit. These objectives will
give you what to concentrate and focus on while studying the unit and
during your study to check your progress.
The Comprehensive Objectives of the Course are given below. At the end
of the course/after going through this course, you should be able to:
• Discuss the use of statistics in area of biology, agriculture and
medicine
• Discuss the different sampling methods and understand the
purpose and importance of sampling
• Mention type of frequency distribution.
• Organise data using frequency distribution.
• Explain the normal, poisson and binomial distributions
• Computethe probabilies in poisson and binomial probability
distributions
• State the null and alternative statistical hypothesis
• Determine the level of confidence in a biological data
• Explain the relationship between type I and II errors
• Explain the purpose of goodnessof fit test
• Compute correlation and regression
• Explain types of correlation and Regression
• Explain the principle of experimental design
• Define Anova and test statistical hypothesis using Anova
• Compute the spear rank correlation coefficient
• Give the difference between non-parametric and parametric test
• Describe the applications of SPSS and MINITAB in different
statistical procedures
, • Mention example of statistical tools in the statistical packages.
Working through the Course
To successfully complete this course. You are required to read each study
unit, read the textbooks and other materials provided by the National Open
University.
Reading the reference materials can also be of great assistance.
Each unit has self –assessment exercise which you are advised to do. At
certain periods during the course you will be required to submit your
assignments for the purpose of assessment.
There will be a final examination at the end of the course. The course
should take you about17 weeks to complete.
This course guide provides you with all the components of the course, how
to go about studying and how you should allocate your time to each unit
so as to finish on time and successfully.
The Course Materials
The main components of the course are:
1 The Study Guide
2 Study Units
3 Reference/ Further Readings
4 Assignments
5 Presentation Schedule
Study Units
The study units in this course are given below:
BIO 206 Statistics for Agriculture and Biology sciences (2 UNITS)
Unit 1: Use of Statistics in Biology and Agriculture
Unit 2: Frequency distribution
Unit 3: Probability distributions
Unit 4: Estimation and hypothesis testing
Unit 5: Contigency tables
Unit 6: Correlation , Regression and covariance
Unit 7: Simple Experimental design and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
, Unit 8: Non-Parametric Tests
Unit 9: Use of statistical packages
In unit one, the mening of statistics and biostatistics, the application of
statistics in biology-related fields and the limitation of such applications
Unit two and three explain frequency distribution types,and how it can be
use to organise data.Also types of probability distribution; normal, poisson
and binomial.
Unit four and five are concerned with estimation and hypothesis testing;
null and alternative hypotheses,level of confidence in biological data,Test
hypotheses involving means using z and t tests.Also, contigency
tables;chi-square distribution and goodness of fit test.
Unit six deals with correlation and regression and covariance; bivariate
distribution and scatter diagram.
Unit seven and eight explain simple experimental design and analysis of
variance (ANOVA);principle of experimentation and Anova and test
statistical hypothesis. Also, Non-parametric tests; Sign test and Kruskal
Wallis test.
Unit nine discusses the SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Sciences) and
MINITAB
Each unit will take a week or two lectures, will include an introduction,
objectives, reading materials, self assessment question(s), conclusion,
summary, tutor-marked assignments (TMAs), references and other reading
resources.
There are activities related to the lecture in each unit which will help your
progress and comprehension of the unit. You are required to work on these
exercises which together with the TMAs will enable you to achieve the
objective of each unit.
Presentation Schedule
There is a time-table prepared for the early and timely completion and
submissions of your TMAs as well as attending the tutorial classes. You
are required to submit all your assignments by the stipulated date and time.
Avoid falling behind the schedule time.
Assessment
There are three aspects to the assessment of this course.
