C HAPTER 41: D RUGS U SED TO T REAT
D ISORDERS OF THE U RINARY S YSTEM
Willihnganz: Clayton’s Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 19th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which condition will neostigmine be used to treat?
a. OAB
b. UTI
c. Postoperative or postdelivery urinary retention
d. Benign prostatic hypertrophy
ANS: C
Neostigmine is an anticholinesterase agent that binds to cholinesterase,
preventing the dest ruction of acet ylcholine. the acet ylcholine accumulates at
cholinergic synapses, and its effects become prolonged and exaggerated. This
produces a general cholinergic response manifested by miosis; increased tone
of intestinal, skeletal, and bladder muscle s; bradycardia; stimulation of
secretions of the salivary and sweat glands; and constriction of the bronchi
and ureters. An OAB is treated with anticholinergic agents. Anticholinergic
agents with more selective action on the bladder are darifenacin, ox ybut ynin,
solifenacin, tolterodine, and trospium. UTIs are treated with anti-infective.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia -related urinary problems are treated with
anticholinergic medications.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 676 OBJ: 1
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrit y
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Planning
, CON: Clinical Judgment | Elimination
2. Which organism causes most UTIs?
a. Proteus mirabilis
b. Klebsiella pneumoniae
c. E. coli
d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ANS: C
Gram-negative aerobic ba cilli from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract cause most
UTIs. Escherichia coli accounts for about 80% of non -institutionall y
acquired uncomplicated UTIs. Although common, P. mirabilis and K.
pneumoniae are not responsible for most UTIs. Pseudomonas aeruginos a is
not the most common cause of UTIs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 670 OBJ: 2
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrit y
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
CON: Clinical Judgment | Infection
3. Which term relates to what bec omes discoloured by phenazopyridine
(P yridium) in addition to the urine?
a. Feces
b. Sclera
c. Sputum
d. Saliva
ANS: B
The urinary analgesic phenazopyridine hydrochloride will commonl y turn the
urine reddish orange. It may also affect the skin or sclera, in whi ch case the
D ISORDERS OF THE U RINARY S YSTEM
Willihnganz: Clayton’s Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 19th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which condition will neostigmine be used to treat?
a. OAB
b. UTI
c. Postoperative or postdelivery urinary retention
d. Benign prostatic hypertrophy
ANS: C
Neostigmine is an anticholinesterase agent that binds to cholinesterase,
preventing the dest ruction of acet ylcholine. the acet ylcholine accumulates at
cholinergic synapses, and its effects become prolonged and exaggerated. This
produces a general cholinergic response manifested by miosis; increased tone
of intestinal, skeletal, and bladder muscle s; bradycardia; stimulation of
secretions of the salivary and sweat glands; and constriction of the bronchi
and ureters. An OAB is treated with anticholinergic agents. Anticholinergic
agents with more selective action on the bladder are darifenacin, ox ybut ynin,
solifenacin, tolterodine, and trospium. UTIs are treated with anti-infective.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia -related urinary problems are treated with
anticholinergic medications.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 676 OBJ: 1
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrit y
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Planning
, CON: Clinical Judgment | Elimination
2. Which organism causes most UTIs?
a. Proteus mirabilis
b. Klebsiella pneumoniae
c. E. coli
d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ANS: C
Gram-negative aerobic ba cilli from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract cause most
UTIs. Escherichia coli accounts for about 80% of non -institutionall y
acquired uncomplicated UTIs. Although common, P. mirabilis and K.
pneumoniae are not responsible for most UTIs. Pseudomonas aeruginos a is
not the most common cause of UTIs.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 670 OBJ: 2
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrit y
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
CON: Clinical Judgment | Infection
3. Which term relates to what bec omes discoloured by phenazopyridine
(P yridium) in addition to the urine?
a. Feces
b. Sclera
c. Sputum
d. Saliva
ANS: B
The urinary analgesic phenazopyridine hydrochloride will commonl y turn the
urine reddish orange. It may also affect the skin or sclera, in whi ch case the
