LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026 Biology 1402
Dr. Held Exam 1 Latest Update
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1.Evolution - ANSWER Change in frequency of traits in a population.
2. The process of change that has transformed life on Earth from its
earliest forms to the vast array of organisms living today.
3. Descent with modification - the idea that living species are
descendants of ancestral species that were different from present-day
ones.
4. Genetic changes in a population from one generation to the next.
5. Natural Selection - ANSWER Cause of change.
6. A process in which individuals with certain inherited traits are more
likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals who don't have
those traits.
7. Adaptation - ANSWER Increase in fitness of population to its
environment.
8. An inherited character that enhances an organism's ability to survive
and reproduce in a particular environment.
9. Heritable Variations - ANSWER Trait that is capable of being
selected.
,10. Character traits that are inherited that differ from each organism of a
species (example: having red hair because your mom has red hair and it
is in her DNA, so it is inherited).
11. Differences that can be inherited between individuals in the
population.
DNA - ANSWER A double-stranded helical nucleic acid molecule
consisting of nucleotide monomers with deoxyribose sugar and the
nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine
(T).
12. Organism's genetic material that is capable of replicating.
Master instructions for all of a cell's function. It is also heritable
information that is passed from one generation to the next.
Double helix
4 letters (A, G, C, T), Long: 10^6 - 10^8 bases (nucleotides)
23 chromosomes = 3x10^9 base pairs
13. Genetic Information - ANSWER Parts of the DNA that determine
how cells are going to live and function
14, Latitude - ANSWER How to find different locations on Earth. You
would use latitudes to locate the tropics and temperate zones, which
each have different climates specific to the location.
15. Climate - ANSWER Changes with latitude and mainly represents
the temperature and precipitation unique to a specific region.
16. Tropics - ANSWER Region surrounding the equator between
latitudes 23.5 degrees north (the Tropic of Cancer) and 23.5 degrees
south (the Tropic of Capricorn).
,17. Experiences the greatest annual input and least seasonal variation in
solar radiation.
18. Temperate Zones - ANSWER Latitudes between the tropics and the
Arctic Circle in north and the Antarctic Circle in the south.
Experiences distinct seasonal variations.
Regions with milder climates than the tropics or polar regions.
19. Prevailing Winds - ANSWER Major global air movements that
result from the combined effects of Earth's rotation and the rising and
falling of air masses.
20. Rain Shadow - ANSWER A region having little rainfall because it
is sheltered from prevailing rain-bearing winds by a range of hills.
21. Biome - ANSWER Community of species adapted to a particular
region of Earth.
22. A major type of ecological associations that occupies broad
geographic region of land or water and is characterized by organisms
adapted to the particular environment.
23. Element - ANSWER Substance that cannot be broken down to other
substances by ordinary chemical means.
24. There are 92 elements that occur in nature.
Compound - ANSWER Substance consisting of two or more different
elements combined in a fixed ratio.
Has characteristics different from those of its elements.
, 25. Atom - ANSWER Smallest unit of matter that retains the properties
of an element.
26. Molecule - ANSWER Two or more atoms held together by covalent
bonds.
27. Proton - ANSWER A subatomic particle with a single positive
electrical charge, found in the nucleus of an atom.
28. Neutron - ANSWER A subatomic particle having no electrical
charge, found in the nucleus of an atom.
29. Electron - ANSWER A subatomic particle with a single negative
electrical charge. One or more electrons move around the nucleus of an
atom.
30. Atomic Nucleus - ANSWER An atom'c central core, containing
protons and neutrons.
31. Isotope - ANSWER One of several atomic forms of an element,
each with the same number of protons but a different number of
neutrons.
32. Isomer - ANSWER Molecules that have the same atoms arranged
differently. (Glucose and fructose).
33. Organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different
structures, therefore, different properties.
34. Ion - ANSWER An atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost
one or more electrons, thus acquiring an electrical charge.
35. Inert Element - ANSWER Have full valence shells and don't
interact readily with other atoms.
Dr. Held Exam 1 Latest Update
GUARANTEED PASS!! 100% Graded AT
A+
1.Evolution - ANSWER Change in frequency of traits in a population.
2. The process of change that has transformed life on Earth from its
earliest forms to the vast array of organisms living today.
3. Descent with modification - the idea that living species are
descendants of ancestral species that were different from present-day
ones.
4. Genetic changes in a population from one generation to the next.
5. Natural Selection - ANSWER Cause of change.
6. A process in which individuals with certain inherited traits are more
likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals who don't have
those traits.
7. Adaptation - ANSWER Increase in fitness of population to its
environment.
8. An inherited character that enhances an organism's ability to survive
and reproduce in a particular environment.
9. Heritable Variations - ANSWER Trait that is capable of being
selected.
,10. Character traits that are inherited that differ from each organism of a
species (example: having red hair because your mom has red hair and it
is in her DNA, so it is inherited).
11. Differences that can be inherited between individuals in the
population.
DNA - ANSWER A double-stranded helical nucleic acid molecule
consisting of nucleotide monomers with deoxyribose sugar and the
nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine
(T).
12. Organism's genetic material that is capable of replicating.
Master instructions for all of a cell's function. It is also heritable
information that is passed from one generation to the next.
Double helix
4 letters (A, G, C, T), Long: 10^6 - 10^8 bases (nucleotides)
23 chromosomes = 3x10^9 base pairs
13. Genetic Information - ANSWER Parts of the DNA that determine
how cells are going to live and function
14, Latitude - ANSWER How to find different locations on Earth. You
would use latitudes to locate the tropics and temperate zones, which
each have different climates specific to the location.
15. Climate - ANSWER Changes with latitude and mainly represents
the temperature and precipitation unique to a specific region.
16. Tropics - ANSWER Region surrounding the equator between
latitudes 23.5 degrees north (the Tropic of Cancer) and 23.5 degrees
south (the Tropic of Capricorn).
,17. Experiences the greatest annual input and least seasonal variation in
solar radiation.
18. Temperate Zones - ANSWER Latitudes between the tropics and the
Arctic Circle in north and the Antarctic Circle in the south.
Experiences distinct seasonal variations.
Regions with milder climates than the tropics or polar regions.
19. Prevailing Winds - ANSWER Major global air movements that
result from the combined effects of Earth's rotation and the rising and
falling of air masses.
20. Rain Shadow - ANSWER A region having little rainfall because it
is sheltered from prevailing rain-bearing winds by a range of hills.
21. Biome - ANSWER Community of species adapted to a particular
region of Earth.
22. A major type of ecological associations that occupies broad
geographic region of land or water and is characterized by organisms
adapted to the particular environment.
23. Element - ANSWER Substance that cannot be broken down to other
substances by ordinary chemical means.
24. There are 92 elements that occur in nature.
Compound - ANSWER Substance consisting of two or more different
elements combined in a fixed ratio.
Has characteristics different from those of its elements.
, 25. Atom - ANSWER Smallest unit of matter that retains the properties
of an element.
26. Molecule - ANSWER Two or more atoms held together by covalent
bonds.
27. Proton - ANSWER A subatomic particle with a single positive
electrical charge, found in the nucleus of an atom.
28. Neutron - ANSWER A subatomic particle having no electrical
charge, found in the nucleus of an atom.
29. Electron - ANSWER A subatomic particle with a single negative
electrical charge. One or more electrons move around the nucleus of an
atom.
30. Atomic Nucleus - ANSWER An atom'c central core, containing
protons and neutrons.
31. Isotope - ANSWER One of several atomic forms of an element,
each with the same number of protons but a different number of
neutrons.
32. Isomer - ANSWER Molecules that have the same atoms arranged
differently. (Glucose and fructose).
33. Organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different
structures, therefore, different properties.
34. Ion - ANSWER An atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost
one or more electrons, thus acquiring an electrical charge.
35. Inert Element - ANSWER Have full valence shells and don't
interact readily with other atoms.
