Beginning and Intermediate Algebra
n n n
Annopennsource n(CC-BY) ntextbook
Available nfor nfree ndownloadn at: nhttp://wallace.ccfaculty.org/book/book.html
BYnTYLER nWallacE
1
,ISBNn #978-1-4583-7768-5
Copyrightn2 01 0,n Some nRightsn Re servedn CC-BY.
Beginningn andn Inter mediate n Alge br a n byn Tyler n W allace n isn lice nse dn under n an Cr e ative n Com mon
snAttributionn3.0 n Unpor tednL ice nse .n (http: //cre ativec om mons.or g/lice nse s/by/3.0/)
Basedn onn an workn atn http://wallace.ccfaculty.org/book/book.html.
Youn are n free:
• ton Share: n ton copy,n distribute n andn tr ansmitn the n work
• tonRemix: ntonadaptnthe n workn
Under nthe nfollowingnconditions:
• Attr ibution: n Youn mustn attribute n the n wor kninnthe n manner nspec ifie dnbyn the n author nor n lice n
sor n(butnnotn inn anyn waynthatn sugge stsnthatn the ynendor se nyounor nyour nuse n ofn the n work).
Withn the n understandingn that:
• Waiver: nAnynofnthe nabove nconditionsnc annbe n waivednifnyounge tnper missionnfromn the ncopy-
n rightn holder.
• Public n Domain: nW here nthe n workn or nanynofnitsnele mentsnisninnthe npublic ndomainnunder n applic
able nlaw,nthatn statusnisninnnonwayn affec tednbynthe nlice nse .
• Other n Rights: n Inn non wayn are n anyn ofn the n followingn rightsn affecte dn byn the n license:
— Your n fair n de alingn or n fair n use n r ights,n or n other n applic able n c opyrightn ex ce ptionsn an
dnlimitations;
— The nauthor ’sn mor alnrights;
— Rightsnother npersonsn mayn have neither ninn the n worknitse lfn or ninn hownthe nworkn isnuse dn
suchnasnpublicitynor nprivac ynrights
• Notice: nFor n anynre use nor n distribution,n youn mustn make n cle ar n tonother sn the nlice nse n ter m no
fnthisnwor k.n The n be stn wayn ton donthisnisn withnan linkn ton the nfollowingn we bnpage:
http://creativec om mons.or g/lice nse s/by/3 .0 /
Thisn isn an humann readable n summaryn ofn the n fulln legaln code n whichn cann be n readn atn the n followin
gnURL: nhttp://creativecommons.or g/license s/by/3 .0/legalcode
2
,Specialnthanksnto: n Mynbe autifulnwife,n Nic ole nW allace n w
honspentncountlessnhoursntypingnproble msnandn
myntwonwonderfulnkidsnfor ntheir npatie nce nandns
upportnduringnthisnprojec t
Another nthanksn goesn ton the nfacultynrevie wersn whonrevie wedn thisntex t: nDonnanBrown,n Michelle nSher
wood,nRonnWallace,nandnBarbar anWhitne y
One nlastnthanksn tonthe n studentnr evie wersn ofnthe n te x t: n Eloisan Butler ,n Nor man Cabanas,n Ire ne n Cha
ve z,n Annan Dahlke ,nKellyn Diguilio,n Camdenn Eckhar t,nBr adn Ever s,nLisan Gar za,n Nic kie n Hamp-
n shire ,n Me lissan Hanson,n Adr ianan Her nande z,n Tiffany n Isaac son,n Mar ian Mar tinez,n Br andon n Platt,n T
imnRies,nL orissanSmith,n Nadine n Svopa,n Cayle enn Tr autm an,n andn Erinn White
3
, Table of Contents
n n
Chapter n 0:n Pre-Algebra Chapter n 3:n Inequalities
0.1 Integers ............................................ 7 3.1 Solven andn Graphn Inequalities ..... 118
0.2 Fractions......................................... 12 3.2 Compoundn Inequalitites ..............124
0.3 Order n ofn Operations...................... 18 3.3 Absoluten Valuen Inequalities......... 128
0.4 Propertiesn ofn Algebra.................... 22 Chapter n 4:n Systemsn ofn Equations
Chaptern 1:n Solvingn Linearn Equations 4.1 Graphing .......................................134
1.1 One-Stepn Equations ...................... 28 4.2 Substitution .................................. 139
1.2 Two-Stepn Equations ...................... 33 4.3 Addition/Elimination................... 146
1.3 Generaln Linearn Equations............. 37 4.4 Threen Variables............................151
1.4 Solving n withn Fractions .................. 43 4.5 Application:n Valuen Problems ...... 158
1.5 Formulas ........................................ 47 4.6 Application:n Mixturen Problems.167
1.6 Absoluten Valuen Equations ............ 52 Chapter n 5:n Polynomials
1.7 Variation......................................... 57 5.1 Exponentn Properties ................... 177
1.8 Application:n Number/Geometry.64 5.2 NegativenExponents..................... 183
1.9 Application:n Age ........................... 72 5.3 Scientificn Notation ........................ 188
1.10 Application:n Distance ................. 79 5.4 Introductionn ton Polynomials....... 192
Chapter n 2:n Graphing 5.5 Multiplyn Polynomials ...................196
2.1 Pointsn andn Lines............................ 89 5.6 Multiplyn Specialn Products ........... 201
2.2 Slope .............................................. 95 5.7 Dividen Polynomials ..................... 205
2.3 Slope-Interceptn Form..................102
2.4 Point-Slopen Form ........................ 107
2.5 Parallel n &n Perpendicular n Lines.112
4
n n n
Annopennsource n(CC-BY) ntextbook
Available nfor nfree ndownloadn at: nhttp://wallace.ccfaculty.org/book/book.html
BYnTYLER nWallacE
1
,ISBNn #978-1-4583-7768-5
Copyrightn2 01 0,n Some nRightsn Re servedn CC-BY.
Beginningn andn Inter mediate n Alge br a n byn Tyler n W allace n isn lice nse dn under n an Cr e ative n Com mon
snAttributionn3.0 n Unpor tednL ice nse .n (http: //cre ativec om mons.or g/lice nse s/by/3.0/)
Basedn onn an workn atn http://wallace.ccfaculty.org/book/book.html.
Youn are n free:
• ton Share: n ton copy,n distribute n andn tr ansmitn the n work
• tonRemix: ntonadaptnthe n workn
Under nthe nfollowingnconditions:
• Attr ibution: n Youn mustn attribute n the n wor kninnthe n manner nspec ifie dnbyn the n author nor n lice n
sor n(butnnotn inn anyn waynthatn sugge stsnthatn the ynendor se nyounor nyour nuse n ofn the n work).
Withn the n understandingn that:
• Waiver: nAnynofnthe nabove nconditionsnc annbe n waivednifnyounge tnper missionnfromn the ncopy-
n rightn holder.
• Public n Domain: nW here nthe n workn or nanynofnitsnele mentsnisninnthe npublic ndomainnunder n applic
able nlaw,nthatn statusnisninnnonwayn affec tednbynthe nlice nse .
• Other n Rights: n Inn non wayn are n anyn ofn the n followingn rightsn affecte dn byn the n license:
— Your n fair n de alingn or n fair n use n r ights,n or n other n applic able n c opyrightn ex ce ptionsn an
dnlimitations;
— The nauthor ’sn mor alnrights;
— Rightsnother npersonsn mayn have neither ninn the n worknitse lfn or ninn hownthe nworkn isnuse dn
suchnasnpublicitynor nprivac ynrights
• Notice: nFor n anynre use nor n distribution,n youn mustn make n cle ar n tonother sn the nlice nse n ter m no
fnthisnwor k.n The n be stn wayn ton donthisnisn withnan linkn ton the nfollowingn we bnpage:
http://creativec om mons.or g/lice nse s/by/3 .0 /
Thisn isn an humann readable n summaryn ofn the n fulln legaln code n whichn cann be n readn atn the n followin
gnURL: nhttp://creativecommons.or g/license s/by/3 .0/legalcode
2
,Specialnthanksnto: n Mynbe autifulnwife,n Nic ole nW allace n w
honspentncountlessnhoursntypingnproble msnandn
myntwonwonderfulnkidsnfor ntheir npatie nce nandns
upportnduringnthisnprojec t
Another nthanksn goesn ton the nfacultynrevie wersn whonrevie wedn thisntex t: nDonnanBrown,n Michelle nSher
wood,nRonnWallace,nandnBarbar anWhitne y
One nlastnthanksn tonthe n studentnr evie wersn ofnthe n te x t: n Eloisan Butler ,n Nor man Cabanas,n Ire ne n Cha
ve z,n Annan Dahlke ,nKellyn Diguilio,n Camdenn Eckhar t,nBr adn Ever s,nLisan Gar za,n Nic kie n Hamp-
n shire ,n Me lissan Hanson,n Adr ianan Her nande z,n Tiffany n Isaac son,n Mar ian Mar tinez,n Br andon n Platt,n T
imnRies,nL orissanSmith,n Nadine n Svopa,n Cayle enn Tr autm an,n andn Erinn White
3
, Table of Contents
n n
Chapter n 0:n Pre-Algebra Chapter n 3:n Inequalities
0.1 Integers ............................................ 7 3.1 Solven andn Graphn Inequalities ..... 118
0.2 Fractions......................................... 12 3.2 Compoundn Inequalitites ..............124
0.3 Order n ofn Operations...................... 18 3.3 Absoluten Valuen Inequalities......... 128
0.4 Propertiesn ofn Algebra.................... 22 Chapter n 4:n Systemsn ofn Equations
Chaptern 1:n Solvingn Linearn Equations 4.1 Graphing .......................................134
1.1 One-Stepn Equations ...................... 28 4.2 Substitution .................................. 139
1.2 Two-Stepn Equations ...................... 33 4.3 Addition/Elimination................... 146
1.3 Generaln Linearn Equations............. 37 4.4 Threen Variables............................151
1.4 Solving n withn Fractions .................. 43 4.5 Application:n Valuen Problems ...... 158
1.5 Formulas ........................................ 47 4.6 Application:n Mixturen Problems.167
1.6 Absoluten Valuen Equations ............ 52 Chapter n 5:n Polynomials
1.7 Variation......................................... 57 5.1 Exponentn Properties ................... 177
1.8 Application:n Number/Geometry.64 5.2 NegativenExponents..................... 183
1.9 Application:n Age ........................... 72 5.3 Scientificn Notation ........................ 188
1.10 Application:n Distance ................. 79 5.4 Introductionn ton Polynomials....... 192
Chapter n 2:n Graphing 5.5 Multiplyn Polynomials ...................196
2.1 Pointsn andn Lines............................ 89 5.6 Multiplyn Specialn Products ........... 201
2.2 Slope .............................................. 95 5.7 Dividen Polynomials ..................... 205
2.3 Slope-Interceptn Form..................102
2.4 Point-Slopen Form ........................ 107
2.5 Parallel n &n Perpendicular n Lines.112
4
