Biod 151 module 5 EXAM TEST BANK WITH ALL VERSIONS OF THE EXAM WITH ALLMODULES COVERED | ACCURATE AND VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FOR GUARANTEED PASS| LATEST UPDATE

Which are the three types of muscle tissue? a) Smooth, Cardiac, Skeletal b) Skeletal, Voluntary, Involuntary c) Cardiac, Smooth, Skeletal, Voluntary d) Smooth, Cardiac, Epithelial Correct answer: a) Smooth, Cardiac, Skeletal Rationale: The three types of muscle tissue are smooth, cardiac, and skeletal. Skeletal muscle is under: a) Unconscious control b) Conscious control c) Autonomic control d) Reflexive control Correct answer: b) Conscious control Rationale: Skeletal muscles are controlled consciously and have blood and nerve supply to enable movement. Conscious control of muscle involves: a) Reflex actions b) A person deciding to use the muscle to complete an action c) Automatic responses d) Muscle actions happening without thought Correct answer: b) A person deciding to use the muscle to complete an action Rationale: Conscious control involves voluntary action, where a person decides to use a muscle to perform a task. Motor action involves: a) A message sent directly to the muscle b) A reflex response c) A message formed in the brain, sent to the spinal cord, then the peripheral nervous system, and finally to the muscle d) Unconscious movements of the body Correct answer: c) A message formed in the brain, sent to the spinal cord, then the peripheral nervous system, and finally to the muscle Rationale: Motor action involves the transmission of signals from the brain through the central and peripheral nervous systems to activate muscles. What is the role of peripheral nerves? a) To detect external stimuli b) To relay messages from the central nervous system to specific body parts c) To control muscle contractions directly d) To send feedback about muscle activity to the brain Correct answer: b) To relay messages from the central nervous system to specific body parts Rationale: Peripheral nerves act as messengers between the central nervous system and the muscles or organs. Sensory input refers to: a) Nerves carrying messages internally within the brain b) Nerves from the peripheral nervous system carrying messages from external stimuli to the central nervous system c) Automatic reflex actions d) Internal body signals related to muscle movement Correct answer: b) Nerves from the peripheral nervous system carrying messages from external stimuli to the central nervous system Rationale: Sensory input involves information coming from outside the body through the peripheral nervous system to the central nervous system. What action are muscles capable of? a) They can only contract b) They can only relax c) They can pull (contract) and then relax again d) They can only push Correct answer: c) They can pull (contract) and then relax again Rationale: Muscles can only contract (pull) and relax, they cannot push. What do tendons do? a) Connect bone to bone b) Connect skeletal muscles to bone, allowing movement and cushioning against sudden movements c) Provide nerve connections to muscles d) Stabilize the joints Correct answer: b) Connect skeletal muscles to bone, allowing movement and cushioning against sudden movements Rationale: Tendons connect muscles to bones and allow movement, while also providing flexibility and cushioning. What do ligaments do? a) Connect skeletal muscles to bone b) Stabilize joints by connecting bone to bone c) Aid in muscle contraction d) Provide nerve supply to muscles Correct answer: b) Stabilize joints by connecting bone to bone Rationale: Ligaments connect bones to bones and help stabilize joints. The origin of a muscle is: a) The point where the muscle contracts b) The bony site of attachment that is stationary during movement c) The moving part of the muscle attachment d) The place where the muscle is most flexible Correct answer: b) The bony site of attachment that is stationary during movement Rationale: The origin is the fixed attachment point of a muscle, which remains stationary during movement. The insertion of a muscle is: a) The point where the muscle contracts b) The bony site of attachment that is moved by muscle contraction c) The fixed point that remains stationary d) The point where nerves connect to the muscle Correct answer: b) The bony site of attachment that is moved by muscle contraction Rationale: The insertion is the point where a muscle attaches to a bone that moves during contraction. Action in muscle refers to: a) The muscle's relaxation phase b) The effect resulting from muscle contraction c) The initial activation of the muscle d) The reflex movements of the body Correct answer: b) The effect resulting from muscle contraction Rationale: The action is the movement or effect produced by the muscle after contraction. Innervation of a muscle is: a) The nerve supply to the muscle from the brain b) The ability of the muscle to contract c) The effect of muscle movement d) The blood flow to the muscle Correct answer: a) The nerve supply to the muscle from the brain Rationale: Innervation refers to the connection between the brain and the muscle via the peripheral nervous system. What are cranial nerves (CN)? a) Nerves in the spinal cord b) Twelve pairs of nerves that originate from the ventral/anterior surface of the brain c) Nerves that control the diaphragm d) Nerves that only control facial muscles Correct answer: b) Twelve pairs of nerves that originate from the ventral/anterior surface of the brain Rationale: Cranial nerves are twelve pairs of nerves originating from the brain, particularly its ventral side. The erector spinae group includes: a) Muscles in the abdomen b) The deepest back muscles c) The superficial muscles of the back, including spinalis, longissimus, and iliocostalis d) Muscles responsible for flexion of the spine Correct answer: c) The superficial muscles of the back, including spinalis, longissimus, and iliocostalis Rationale: The erector spinae group consists of three major muscle columns that extend along the back. What does flexion of the spine involve? a) Backward bending of the trunk b) Forward bending of the trunk c) Twisting the trunk d) Lateral bending Correct answer: b) Forward bending of the trunk Rationale: Flexion refers to the forward bending of the spine. Extension of the spine involves: a) Side bending of the trunk b) Backward bending of the trunk c) Twisting movements d) Forward bending of the trunk Correct answer: b) Backward bending of the trunk Rationale: Extension refers to the backward bending of the spine. Lateral flexion of the spine refers to: a) Side bending movement around the spinal axis b) Forward bending of the trunk c) Rotation of the body d) Bending backward Correct answer: a) Side bending movement around the spinal axis Rationale: Lateral flexion involves bending the spine sideways. The spinalis is part of: a) The anterior muscles of the back b) The superficial muscles in the back c) The deepest layer of erector spinae muscles d) The medial column of erector spinae Correct answer: d) The medial column of erector spinae Rationale: The spinalis is part of the medial column in the erector spinae group. Longissimus is part of which column in the erector spinae group? a) Lateral column b) Intermediate column c) Medial column d) Anterior column Correct answer: b) Intermediate column Rationale: Longissimus is located in the intermediate column of the erector spinae group. Iliocostalis is part of: a) The medial column of erector spinae b) The lateral column of erector spinae c) The abdominal muscles d) The posterior thorax muscles Correct answer: b) The lateral column of erector spinae Rationale: Iliocostalis is the lateral column of the erector spinae muscles. Abdominal muscles help with: a) Flexing the spine b) Supporting and protecting abdominal viscera c) Moving the diaphragm d) Stabilizing the thoracic cage Correct answer: b) Supporting and protecting abdominal viscera Rationale: Abdominal muscles protect and support the internal organs and assist with posture and balance. The posterior thorax refers to: a) The front of the chest b) The back of the thoracic cage c) The muscles involved in breathing d) The spine's extensors Correct answer: b) The back of the thoracic cage Rationale: The posterior thorax refers to the back portion of the rib cage. The trapezius is: a) The deepest muscle of the back b) The most superficial muscle of the back c) A flexor muscle in the torso d) A muscle of the forearm Correct answer: b) The most superficial muscle of the back Rationale: The trapezius is a large, superficial muscle on the back that extends to the neck and upper back. What is retraction of a body part? a) Movement in the anterior direction b) Movement in the posterior direction c) Upward movement of the body part d) Downward movement of the body part Correct answer: b) Movement in the posterior direction Rationale: Retraction involves pulling a body part backward. Protraction refers to: a) Movement in the anterior direction b) Movement in the posterior direction c) Upward movement of a body part d) Downward movement of a body part Correct answer: a) Movement in the anterior direction Rationale: Protraction is the forward movement of a body part. Elevation of a body part is: a) Upward movement b) Downward movement c) Lateral bending d) Rotation around an axis Correct answer: a) Upward movement Rationale: Elevation refers to raising a body part. Depression involves: a) Upward movement b) Downward movement c) Lateral movement d) Forward bending Correct answer: b) Downward movement Rationale: Depression is the lowering of a body part.