PM 502 FINAL
Health Promotion, Part 1: Introduction to Interventions
Session Objectives
1.Discuss the definitions of health education and health promotion
2.Discuss key components of effective health promotion interventions
3.Apply intervention concepts to the prevention of COVID-19 infections
Rationale for prevention/health promotion interventions
7 out of every 10 deaths in the US are from chronic diseases (heart disease, strokes, diabetes,
etc.)
Chronic diseases are preventable
These 4 modifiable risk factors are responsible for much of illness and death related to chronic
disease:
1.Lack of physical activity
2.Poor nutrition
3.Tobacco use
4.Excessive alcohol consumption
Why study health behaviors? Factors that contribute to our health:
Traditional Approaches to Promoting Healthy Behaviors
ØHealth Education
ØRegulation
Early Conceptual Framework for Health Education: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Mode
,Revised Definition of Health Education
“Any combination of planned learning experiences using evidence-based practices and/or
sound theories that provide the opportunity to acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to
adopt and maintain healthy behaviors.”
Health Education Strategies
•Health communications (social media, mass media, print materials)
•In-person classes, workshops
•Online trainings, classes
•Practice experiences outside of classroom
•One-on-one counseling or coaching
Transition to a Health Promotion Approach
Ecological Model of Influence & intervention
Key Principles
1.Factors at multiple levels will influence behavior
2.Environmental contexts significantly determine behavior
3.Interaction across levels
4.Behavior-specific
5.Multi-level interventions are more effective than single-level interventions
Definition of Health Promotion
,“Any planned combination of educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organizational
mechanisms that support actions and conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals,
groups, and communities.”
Health Promotion Strategies
Health Promotion Settings
1)Schools
2)Communities
3)Worksites
4)Health Care Sites
5)Consumer Marketplace
6)Legislative
7)Judicial System
Achieving Health Equity
•Fix the problem upstream (root causes).
•Social Justice: Help people achieve and maintain healthy behaviors by providing health
promoting environments.
•To reduce disparities and achieve equity, provide extra support for vulnerable groups.
Today’s Example: Covid-19 Prevention
Public Health Interventions (Non-pharmaceutical)
Goal:
•Prevent spread
•Reduce scale of outbreak
Protective behaviors:
•Social distancing
oNo visitors
oNo close contact with non-household members
oSelf isolation (stay at home except for essentials or exercise)
•Quarantine when ill or exposed
, •Get tested
•Use disinfectants; frequent hand washing
•Wear a face mask
•Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
Covid-19 Interventions: Regulatory/Political/Environmental
•Complete lockdown
•Closures
•-Schools and universities
•-High-exposure businesses
•-Non-essential businesses
•Ban or limit size of public events
•Travel restrictions; imposed quarantine
•Mandate face masks in public spaces
•Temperature screening
•Mandate testing
•Education via media
•Contact tracking
Vaccine Interventions
Individual-level
•Education (provide information) and health messaging (re benefits)
•Address hesitancy
•Counter misinformation
•Address attitudes, beliefs, and emotions (trust, freedom, authority, science)
Vaccine Interventions
Environmental-level
•Maximize accessibility (locations, no-cost)
•Offer incentives
•Mandate
•Require proof of vaccination
An Innovative Approach to Covid-19 Prevention: Stay Connected LA - Panel
Health Promotion, Part 1: Introduction to Interventions
Session Objectives
1.Discuss the definitions of health education and health promotion
2.Discuss key components of effective health promotion interventions
3.Apply intervention concepts to the prevention of COVID-19 infections
Rationale for prevention/health promotion interventions
7 out of every 10 deaths in the US are from chronic diseases (heart disease, strokes, diabetes,
etc.)
Chronic diseases are preventable
These 4 modifiable risk factors are responsible for much of illness and death related to chronic
disease:
1.Lack of physical activity
2.Poor nutrition
3.Tobacco use
4.Excessive alcohol consumption
Why study health behaviors? Factors that contribute to our health:
Traditional Approaches to Promoting Healthy Behaviors
ØHealth Education
ØRegulation
Early Conceptual Framework for Health Education: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Mode
,Revised Definition of Health Education
“Any combination of planned learning experiences using evidence-based practices and/or
sound theories that provide the opportunity to acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to
adopt and maintain healthy behaviors.”
Health Education Strategies
•Health communications (social media, mass media, print materials)
•In-person classes, workshops
•Online trainings, classes
•Practice experiences outside of classroom
•One-on-one counseling or coaching
Transition to a Health Promotion Approach
Ecological Model of Influence & intervention
Key Principles
1.Factors at multiple levels will influence behavior
2.Environmental contexts significantly determine behavior
3.Interaction across levels
4.Behavior-specific
5.Multi-level interventions are more effective than single-level interventions
Definition of Health Promotion
,“Any planned combination of educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organizational
mechanisms that support actions and conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals,
groups, and communities.”
Health Promotion Strategies
Health Promotion Settings
1)Schools
2)Communities
3)Worksites
4)Health Care Sites
5)Consumer Marketplace
6)Legislative
7)Judicial System
Achieving Health Equity
•Fix the problem upstream (root causes).
•Social Justice: Help people achieve and maintain healthy behaviors by providing health
promoting environments.
•To reduce disparities and achieve equity, provide extra support for vulnerable groups.
Today’s Example: Covid-19 Prevention
Public Health Interventions (Non-pharmaceutical)
Goal:
•Prevent spread
•Reduce scale of outbreak
Protective behaviors:
•Social distancing
oNo visitors
oNo close contact with non-household members
oSelf isolation (stay at home except for essentials or exercise)
•Quarantine when ill or exposed
, •Get tested
•Use disinfectants; frequent hand washing
•Wear a face mask
•Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
Covid-19 Interventions: Regulatory/Political/Environmental
•Complete lockdown
•Closures
•-Schools and universities
•-High-exposure businesses
•-Non-essential businesses
•Ban or limit size of public events
•Travel restrictions; imposed quarantine
•Mandate face masks in public spaces
•Temperature screening
•Mandate testing
•Education via media
•Contact tracking
Vaccine Interventions
Individual-level
•Education (provide information) and health messaging (re benefits)
•Address hesitancy
•Counter misinformation
•Address attitudes, beliefs, and emotions (trust, freedom, authority, science)
Vaccine Interventions
Environmental-level
•Maximize accessibility (locations, no-cost)
•Offer incentives
•Mandate
•Require proof of vaccination
An Innovative Approach to Covid-19 Prevention: Stay Connected LA - Panel
