BIOD 152 A&P FINAL EXAM PORTAGE
LEARNING /BIOD 152 ESSENTIAL HUMAN
ANATOMY FINAL 2025 WITH ACTUAL
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
DETAILED ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY
GRADED A+| |GUARANTEED PASS|LATEST
UPDATE
Your patient has a diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Would you expect you patient to also have
hypertension? why or why not?
Yes. Atherosclerosis is an accumulation of soft masses of fatty materials, often cholesterol, inside the
arteries. These deposits called plaque accumulate beneath the inner lingings of the arteries. As plaque
continues to build up it tends to protrude into the vessel, interfering with normal blood flow.
Your patient is admitted to the hospital for an angioplasty. Use your own words to explain to your
patient about what is going to happen in this procedure.
A surgeon will thread a plastic tube into the artery of an arm or leg. The tube is then guided through the
blood vessel toward the heart. When the tube reaches the segment clogged by plaque in a coronary
artery, the balloon attached to the end of the tube is inflated, forcing the vessel open.
True or False: Lymph flows from the heart out to the tissues cia the lymphatic vessels
False (one way only from tissues to the heart)
True or false: Fluid inside the tissues that is not returned via the the veins is returned to the heart
through the lymph system
true
True or false: Lymph fluid moves in the following order: lymphatic duct ->lymph vessels -> lymph
capillaries ->veins
false
1|Page
,A patient has lymphendema in his right leg. What lymph vessel would most likely be obstructed?
Thoracic duct (drains fluid from the left side of body, both lower extremeties)
Which of the following statements are true concerning lymph nodes?
A. Lymph nodes tend to be grouped together in the palms of the hand and the bottoms of the feet
B. Lymph nodes act as a filtering center to remove debris
C. There are more efferent vessels than afferent vessels
D. Fluid flows into the efferent vessels and out of the afferent vessels
E. C and D are ture
B. Lymph nodes act as a filtering center to remove debris
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the spleen?
A. It is found in the left side of the abdomen
B. it acts as to remove old platelets in the blood
C. It has many efferent and afferent lymph vessels
D. It is divided into regions called lobules
E. A and B are true
C. It has many different efferent and afferent lymph vessels
Blood enters the spleen via the _______________.
splenic artery
Blood leaving the spleen flows into this vessel which also carries blood drained from intestines stomach
and pancreas
Hepatic portal system
The tonsils contain channels called______ which trap bacteria
Crypts
Which of the following people would you expect to have the largest thymus gland
5 year old
The thymus secretes what hormones
thymosin and thymopoietin
Which of the following is a part of the nonspecific immune response system
Normal flora, cytokines, interleukins
Discuss how the body induces a fever
During an infection, certain subtypes of interleukins called pyrogens reset the body's thermostat in the
hypothalamus. The temperature set-point during homeostasis is raised to create a fever
Interferons inhibits what type of infection agent
2|Page
,Virus
This is a bundle of axons found in the peripheral nervous system.
nerves
This part of the autonomic system increases digestion
parasympathetic nervous system
The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons
Motor (efferent)
This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses toward the cell body
Dendrites
A neuron going to the bicep of the forearm is part of the:
A. CNS
B. PNS
C. Autonomic system
D. Somatic
E. A and C
D. B and D
B and D
True or False: Neurons do not physically touch each other
True. They are seperated by synapses
Describe the function and release of neurotransmitters
-Neurotransmitters are chemicals stored inside secretory vesicles at the end of the axon terminals.
-When neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminal vesicles, they carry the transmission of the
nerve impulse from one neuron to another
An efferent neuron carres information:
A From the CNS to the PNS
B. From the PNS to the CNS
C Within the CNS
D Within the PNS
A From the CNS to the PNS
A presynaptic neuron would be found:
A before the synapse
B. after the synapse
C. Inside the synapse
D. Only in the PNS
3|Page
, A Before the synapse
What is the location and function of astrocytes
Location: Central nervous system (CNS)
Function: Regulation of chemical environment inside CNS, forming a physical barrier (blood-brain-
barrier) by wrapping around blood capillaries
A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached during surgery. Would the
patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb? why or why not
Yes. Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through the axonal regeneration because
of the growth of schwann cells ahead of the axon.
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is
A 0 mV
B +40 mV
C Polarized
D Depolarized
C polarized (around -70 mV)
Which of the following is true concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
A. It maintains the depolarization phase of an axon
B. For every two sodium ions pumped out, three potassium ions are pumped in
C. It must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting state
D. The overall effect is a positive charge on the inside
C. It must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting rate
True or False: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This means that the strength of
the action potential is greater than usual. Explain your answer.
False. There is no variation in the strength of an action potential. There is only variation in the number
and frequency of neurons firing.
Which of the following statements is true concerning the neuromuscular junction:
A The NMJ terminates on neurons within the brain and spinal cord
B The NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber
C The NMJ terminates on a presynaptic motor
D The NMJ does not have a synapse
B The NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber
How is a message sent from one neuron to another
There is a minute fluid-filled space, called a synapse, between the axon terminal of the sending neuron
and the dendrite of the receiving neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the end of an axon,
neurotransmitters are released into the synapse. These bind with a receptor on the next neuron,
opening Na+ gates in the receiving dendrite which causes depolarization and the impulse is carried.
4|Page
LEARNING /BIOD 152 ESSENTIAL HUMAN
ANATOMY FINAL 2025 WITH ACTUAL
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
DETAILED ANSWERS |FREQUENTLY TESTED
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS |ALREADY
GRADED A+| |GUARANTEED PASS|LATEST
UPDATE
Your patient has a diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Would you expect you patient to also have
hypertension? why or why not?
Yes. Atherosclerosis is an accumulation of soft masses of fatty materials, often cholesterol, inside the
arteries. These deposits called plaque accumulate beneath the inner lingings of the arteries. As plaque
continues to build up it tends to protrude into the vessel, interfering with normal blood flow.
Your patient is admitted to the hospital for an angioplasty. Use your own words to explain to your
patient about what is going to happen in this procedure.
A surgeon will thread a plastic tube into the artery of an arm or leg. The tube is then guided through the
blood vessel toward the heart. When the tube reaches the segment clogged by plaque in a coronary
artery, the balloon attached to the end of the tube is inflated, forcing the vessel open.
True or False: Lymph flows from the heart out to the tissues cia the lymphatic vessels
False (one way only from tissues to the heart)
True or false: Fluid inside the tissues that is not returned via the the veins is returned to the heart
through the lymph system
true
True or false: Lymph fluid moves in the following order: lymphatic duct ->lymph vessels -> lymph
capillaries ->veins
false
1|Page
,A patient has lymphendema in his right leg. What lymph vessel would most likely be obstructed?
Thoracic duct (drains fluid from the left side of body, both lower extremeties)
Which of the following statements are true concerning lymph nodes?
A. Lymph nodes tend to be grouped together in the palms of the hand and the bottoms of the feet
B. Lymph nodes act as a filtering center to remove debris
C. There are more efferent vessels than afferent vessels
D. Fluid flows into the efferent vessels and out of the afferent vessels
E. C and D are ture
B. Lymph nodes act as a filtering center to remove debris
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the spleen?
A. It is found in the left side of the abdomen
B. it acts as to remove old platelets in the blood
C. It has many efferent and afferent lymph vessels
D. It is divided into regions called lobules
E. A and B are true
C. It has many different efferent and afferent lymph vessels
Blood enters the spleen via the _______________.
splenic artery
Blood leaving the spleen flows into this vessel which also carries blood drained from intestines stomach
and pancreas
Hepatic portal system
The tonsils contain channels called______ which trap bacteria
Crypts
Which of the following people would you expect to have the largest thymus gland
5 year old
The thymus secretes what hormones
thymosin and thymopoietin
Which of the following is a part of the nonspecific immune response system
Normal flora, cytokines, interleukins
Discuss how the body induces a fever
During an infection, certain subtypes of interleukins called pyrogens reset the body's thermostat in the
hypothalamus. The temperature set-point during homeostasis is raised to create a fever
Interferons inhibits what type of infection agent
2|Page
,Virus
This is a bundle of axons found in the peripheral nervous system.
nerves
This part of the autonomic system increases digestion
parasympathetic nervous system
The ventral root of a nerve contains what type of neurons
Motor (efferent)
This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses toward the cell body
Dendrites
A neuron going to the bicep of the forearm is part of the:
A. CNS
B. PNS
C. Autonomic system
D. Somatic
E. A and C
D. B and D
B and D
True or False: Neurons do not physically touch each other
True. They are seperated by synapses
Describe the function and release of neurotransmitters
-Neurotransmitters are chemicals stored inside secretory vesicles at the end of the axon terminals.
-When neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminal vesicles, they carry the transmission of the
nerve impulse from one neuron to another
An efferent neuron carres information:
A From the CNS to the PNS
B. From the PNS to the CNS
C Within the CNS
D Within the PNS
A From the CNS to the PNS
A presynaptic neuron would be found:
A before the synapse
B. after the synapse
C. Inside the synapse
D. Only in the PNS
3|Page
, A Before the synapse
What is the location and function of astrocytes
Location: Central nervous system (CNS)
Function: Regulation of chemical environment inside CNS, forming a physical barrier (blood-brain-
barrier) by wrapping around blood capillaries
A patient's left thumb was severed in a cooking accident and then reattached during surgery. Would the
patient be expected to regrow axons in their thumb? why or why not
Yes. Peripheral nerves can regenerate the length of the axon through the axonal regeneration because
of the growth of schwann cells ahead of the axon.
At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is
A 0 mV
B +40 mV
C Polarized
D Depolarized
C polarized (around -70 mV)
Which of the following is true concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
A. It maintains the depolarization phase of an axon
B. For every two sodium ions pumped out, three potassium ions are pumped in
C. It must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting state
D. The overall effect is a positive charge on the inside
C. It must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting rate
True or False: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This means that the strength of
the action potential is greater than usual. Explain your answer.
False. There is no variation in the strength of an action potential. There is only variation in the number
and frequency of neurons firing.
Which of the following statements is true concerning the neuromuscular junction:
A The NMJ terminates on neurons within the brain and spinal cord
B The NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber
C The NMJ terminates on a presynaptic motor
D The NMJ does not have a synapse
B The NMJ terminates on a muscle fiber
How is a message sent from one neuron to another
There is a minute fluid-filled space, called a synapse, between the axon terminal of the sending neuron
and the dendrite of the receiving neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the end of an axon,
neurotransmitters are released into the synapse. These bind with a receptor on the next neuron,
opening Na+ gates in the receiving dendrite which causes depolarization and the impulse is carried.
4|Page
