C963 - Objective Assessment Superset New Actual Questions and Answers 2025 Update 100% Correct.

1. Major contributors to social contract theory: Hobbes, Locke, Reasseau
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2. Social ContractTheory: We need food, clothing and shelter to survive and
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nothing should interfere with our ability to obtain them.We may also choose to
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believein a god.The belief gives definition to our existance.Therefore it is important we
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define ourselves as individuals.
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3. Enlightenment Influence on Constitution: Bill of Rights and the Second zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




Amendment, Ninth Amendment
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4. Bill of Rights (Enlightenment): The first eight Bill of Rights
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5. Declaration of Independence (Enlightenment): people have rights of life, liber- ty, zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




and the pursuit of happiness
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6. Articles of Confederation weaknesses: No executive, no judicial, no power to
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tax, no power to regulate trade
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7. Articles of Confederation - Strengths: Provided direction for the Revolution, the
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ability to conduct diplomacy with Europe, and deal with territorial issues and Native
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American relations.
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8. New Jersey Plan: The proposal at the Constitutional Convention that called for
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equal representation of each state in Congress regardless of the state's population.
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9. Virginia Plan: Proposal to create a strong national government zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




10. Constitutional Convention: A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




new constitution
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11. Three-Fifths compromise: Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths of zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation
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purposes (negated by the 13th amendment). Bicameral congress.
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12. ChecksandBalances: Asystemthatallows eachbranchof governmenttolimit the zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
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13. Separation of Powers: Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the execu- tive
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applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law
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14. Federalists: A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution during zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




ratification debates in state legislatures.
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15. Anti-Federalists: Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




states were contemplating its adoption.
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16. Ratifying the Constitution: Article VII, 9 out of 13 states had to agree, it was zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi

,ratified at state conventions
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17. Federalist#10 (factions): Elites can nevertake over rule of the government due to
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too many factions.
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18. Federalist #51 (Madison): Separation of powers, checks and balances
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19. Separations of Powers: The division of the federal government into three
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branches each with its own powers
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, 20. Government Branches: Three sections of the US government:legislative, ex- zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi zi




ecutive, and judicial. Each branch has powers that restrict the other branches
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powers.
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21. How are lawsmade andenforced using the separationofpowers: Congress
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originates laws
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Judicial branch reviews laws for constitutionality
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Executive branch enforces laws zi zi zi




22. system of checks and balances: Constitutional system in which each branch of
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government places limits on the power of other branches
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23. Several checks the judicial branch has on the legislative and executive
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branches: Executive:
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Can overturn actions of the president with judicial review if the actions violate the
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Constitution
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Serve during good behavior to maintain independence of judiciary
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Legislative:
Can overturn acts of Congress as unconstitutional if they violate the law Can
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Serve during good behavior to maintain independence of judiciary
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24. Several checks the legislative branch has on the judicial and executive
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branches: Judicial:
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Senate must approve judges and justices
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Controls jurisdiction of the courts zi zi zi zi




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House can impeach judges and Senate can remove them by two-thirds vote
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Executive:
Can override a presidential veto by a two-thirds vote in both chambers Must
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zi approve treaties by a two-thirds vote in the Senate
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