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one or more regions within the CNS that relay impulses from sensory to motor neurons
Efferent pathway
component of reflex arc that transmits information from integrating center to effector
Effector organ
The organ that carries out the command sent along a particular motor neuron
The area within the brain regulating our survival functions such as breathing and heartbeat is called the
Brain stem
Regulation of functions such as breathing and heart rate are controlled by the
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TB1 Module 1 : Multiple Choice
autonomic nervous system
The left side of the brain is used for tasks such as
map reading and recognising patterns
Ben is having trouble sleeping and has been diagnosed with a sleep disorder that is caused by a chemical
imbalance. It is possible he has abnormal levels of which neurotransmitter?
serotonin
Learning experiences ______________ the connections between neurons, while not using our memory
________________ neuron connections.
increase; reduce
The chemical responsible for causing us to feel sleepy is called
melatonin
According to Plutchik, there are ______ primary emotions.
8 primary emotions
Which of the following structures in NOT part of the limbic system
cerebellum
The 3 stages of memory in order are
encoding, storage, retrieval
Ethan is playing golf and playing well. In front of a crowd on the last hole, he overestimates and misses a
tricky long putt that would have won him the match. His miss in front of the crowd could be due to?
extrinsic motivation
choking
an event where athletes experience a considerable decline in performance standard at a time when
pressure was likely higher than normal.
social worker
someone employed to provide social services (especially to the disadvantaged)
Perception
the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful
objects and events
Sensation
the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies
from our environment
How are sensation and perception related?
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Sensation occurs when information interacts with sensory receptors—the eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and
skin. The sensation of hearing occurs when waves of pulsating air are collected by the outer ear and
transmitted through the bones of the inner ear to the auditory nerve. The sensation of vision occurs as
rays of light contact the eyes, become focused on the retina, and are transmitted by the optic nerve to the
visual centers of the brain.
Perception is the interpretation of what is sensed. The air waves that contact the ears might be interpreted
as noise or as musical sounds, for example. The physical energy transmitted to the retina of the eye might
be interpreted as a particular color, pattern, or shape, depending on how it is perceived.
Free-Will vs Determinism Debate
Free Will - Determinism: to what extent are our behaviors freely selected rather than caused by factors
outside of our control?
Nature vs. Nurture
Heredity vs. Environment
selective attention
Psychology
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
psychiatry
a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; who sometimes provide medical (for
example, drug) treatments
free will
The idea that human beings are free to make their own choices
Determinism
the philosophy that holds that every event, action, and decision results from something independent of the
human will
Nature
the influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical growth, intellectual growth, and
social interactions
nurture
the influence of our environment
CNS (central nervous system)
includes the brain and spinal cord
PNS (peripheral nervous system)
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the sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
Cerebellum function
process and store information, coordinates voluntary movements (posture, balance, speech)
Cerebrum
Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing,
thought, and memory.
involentary
autonomic nervous system
Voluntary
somatic nervous system
The brain
The mass of nerve tissue that is the main control center of the nervous system
electrical communication
travel up and down the spinal cord, sending signals which allow different segments of the body to
communicate with the brain.
cervical vertebrae
neck
Thoracic
chest
spinal nerves
carry impulses to and from the spinal cord
Receptor
A small area on the dendrite that receives the signal from the other neuron
afferent pathway
component of reflex arc that transmits information from receptor to integrating center
Integrating centre
the ability to focus on only one stimulus from among all sensory input
divided attention
concentrating on more than one activity at the same time (multi-tasking)
intelligence
the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
Theories of Intelligence: Gardner
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