NURS 262 WEEK FOUR - CHAPTERS 49 + 50
OXYGENATION AND CIRCULATION EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
tidal volume
Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during a normal breath - 500mL in
adults air inspired and expired per breath
lung compliance
expansibility or stretchability of lung tissue
lung recoil
the continual tendency of the lungs to collapse away from the chest wall
surfactant
a lipoprotein that lowers the surface tension in the alveoli, reduces the amount of
pressure needed to inflate the alveoli, and decreases the tendency of the alveoli to
collapse
hematocrit
percentage of the blood that is erythrocytes
Emphysema
a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing
breathlessness.. pink puffer
stridor
, harsh high pitched sound heard during inspiration
Acidosis
pH below 7.35 - comp with tachypnea
Alkalosis
pH above 7.45 - comp with bradypnea
increased levels of carbon dioxide
hypercarbia or hypercapnia
low levels of oxygen in the blood
hypoxemia
hypoxia
rapid pulse, rapid shallow respirations and dyspnea, increased restlessness or light-
headedness, flaring of the nares, substernal or intercostal retractions, cyanosis
expectorate
cough or spit out sputum from the throat or lungs
postural drainage
drainage of secretions by gravity from various lung segments
mucus clearance device
used for clients with excessive secretions such as cystic fibrosis, COPD, bronchiectasis
Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV)
delivery of air or oxygen under pressure without the need for an invasive tube such as
an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube
hyperinflation
giving client breaths that are greater than the tidal volume set on ventilator or bag.
OXYGENATION AND CIRCULATION EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
tidal volume
Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs during a normal breath - 500mL in
adults air inspired and expired per breath
lung compliance
expansibility or stretchability of lung tissue
lung recoil
the continual tendency of the lungs to collapse away from the chest wall
surfactant
a lipoprotein that lowers the surface tension in the alveoli, reduces the amount of
pressure needed to inflate the alveoli, and decreases the tendency of the alveoli to
collapse
hematocrit
percentage of the blood that is erythrocytes
Emphysema
a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing
breathlessness.. pink puffer
stridor
, harsh high pitched sound heard during inspiration
Acidosis
pH below 7.35 - comp with tachypnea
Alkalosis
pH above 7.45 - comp with bradypnea
increased levels of carbon dioxide
hypercarbia or hypercapnia
low levels of oxygen in the blood
hypoxemia
hypoxia
rapid pulse, rapid shallow respirations and dyspnea, increased restlessness or light-
headedness, flaring of the nares, substernal or intercostal retractions, cyanosis
expectorate
cough or spit out sputum from the throat or lungs
postural drainage
drainage of secretions by gravity from various lung segments
mucus clearance device
used for clients with excessive secretions such as cystic fibrosis, COPD, bronchiectasis
Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV)
delivery of air or oxygen under pressure without the need for an invasive tube such as
an endotracheal tube or tracheostomy tube
hyperinflation
giving client breaths that are greater than the tidal volume set on ventilator or bag.
