N256 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
in clients with chronic hypoxia, what may happen to their RBC count
it will increase (polycythemia)
what will happen to a client's Hct and Hgb when they are dehydrated
they will increase
normal range for hemoglobin in men
13.5-18
normal range for hemoglobin in women
12-15
what are 4 possible causes of increased hemoglobin levels
1. polycythemia
2. dehydration
3. COPD
4. HF
what are 4 possible causes of decreased hemoglobin levels
1. blood loss
2. anemias
3. kidney disease
4. cancers
how long do you have to apply pressure to the site after drawing an ABG
,5-10 minutes
what are the normal values for serum osmolality
280-300
an increase in serum osmolality is indicative of...
fluid volume deficit
a decrease in serum osmolality is indicative of...
fluid volume excess
serum osmolality measures the...
solute concentration of blood
anoscopy is a viewing of the..
anal canal
proctoscopy is a viewing of the...
rectum
proctosigmoidoscopy is a viewing of the...
rectum and sigmoid colon
colonoscopy is a viewing of the...
large intestine
what medication is important to STOP before getting a colonoscopy
warfarin
how may x-rays (to detect GI alterations) be enhanced
radiopaque substance, barium (can swallow or use enema)
a KUB is an x-ray of the...
kidneys, ureters, and bladder
, a cystoscopy is a visualization of the...
bladder and urethra
a renal ultrasonography uses what to visualize the kidneys
sound waves
what is the difference between an intravenous pyelography and a retrograde
pyelogram
in an IVP, the contrast agent is given intravenously, allowed to be cleared by the
kidneys. In a retrograde pyelogram , the contrast agent is given into the ureter and the
flow of contrast is opposite the usually outflow of urine
what is it called when ECGs are used to assess the client's response to increased
cardiac workload during exercise
stress electrocardiography
is an angiography an invasive procedure?
yes, it requires informed consent
when a radiopaque dye is injected during an angiography what is being
examined?
the flow of the vessels and any areas of narrowing or blockage
you cannot eat for how long before a stress electrocardiography
3 hours
an echocardiogram evaluates...
left ventricular function
what is a Q scan used to assess
perfusion
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
in clients with chronic hypoxia, what may happen to their RBC count
it will increase (polycythemia)
what will happen to a client's Hct and Hgb when they are dehydrated
they will increase
normal range for hemoglobin in men
13.5-18
normal range for hemoglobin in women
12-15
what are 4 possible causes of increased hemoglobin levels
1. polycythemia
2. dehydration
3. COPD
4. HF
what are 4 possible causes of decreased hemoglobin levels
1. blood loss
2. anemias
3. kidney disease
4. cancers
how long do you have to apply pressure to the site after drawing an ABG
,5-10 minutes
what are the normal values for serum osmolality
280-300
an increase in serum osmolality is indicative of...
fluid volume deficit
a decrease in serum osmolality is indicative of...
fluid volume excess
serum osmolality measures the...
solute concentration of blood
anoscopy is a viewing of the..
anal canal
proctoscopy is a viewing of the...
rectum
proctosigmoidoscopy is a viewing of the...
rectum and sigmoid colon
colonoscopy is a viewing of the...
large intestine
what medication is important to STOP before getting a colonoscopy
warfarin
how may x-rays (to detect GI alterations) be enhanced
radiopaque substance, barium (can swallow or use enema)
a KUB is an x-ray of the...
kidneys, ureters, and bladder
, a cystoscopy is a visualization of the...
bladder and urethra
a renal ultrasonography uses what to visualize the kidneys
sound waves
what is the difference between an intravenous pyelography and a retrograde
pyelogram
in an IVP, the contrast agent is given intravenously, allowed to be cleared by the
kidneys. In a retrograde pyelogram , the contrast agent is given into the ureter and the
flow of contrast is opposite the usually outflow of urine
what is it called when ECGs are used to assess the client's response to increased
cardiac workload during exercise
stress electrocardiography
is an angiography an invasive procedure?
yes, it requires informed consent
when a radiopaque dye is injected during an angiography what is being
examined?
the flow of the vessels and any areas of narrowing or blockage
you cannot eat for how long before a stress electrocardiography
3 hours
an echocardiogram evaluates...
left ventricular function
what is a Q scan used to assess
perfusion
