,Thislpagelintentionallylleftlblank
,BASIC l
BIOMEC H A NI C S l
Sl Il Xl Tl H El Dl Il Tl Il Ol N
Susan J. Hall, Ph. D.
l l l l
College lof lHealthlSciences lUniv
ersitylof lDelaware
TM
, TM
BASICl BIO ME CHANICS,l SIXT Hl EDITIO N
Publishedlby lM cGraw-Hill,lalbusi ness luni tlof lThelMcGraw-
Hill lCompani es, lInc., l1221lAv enuelofl thelAmericas, lNewl York, lNYl 10020. lCopyrightl ©l 2012l by lTh
el McGraw-
Hill l Companies, lInc.lAll l rights l reserved. lPrevious l edi tions l ©l 2007, l2003, landl 1999. lNol part l ofl this l
publicationl may lbelreproducedlorldistributedlinlany lformlorl by lany lmeans, lorlstoredlinlaldatabas elo
rlretrieval l system, lwithout lthel pri orl wri ttenlconsentlof lThelMcGraw-
Hill lCompani es, lInc., li ncludi ng, lbutl notllimitedl to, lany lnetworklorlotherlelectronic lstoragelorltrans
mission, lorlbroadcastlforldis-ltancell ear ni ng.
Somelancillaries, li ncl udi ngl electronic l andlpri ntlcomponents, l may lnotlbel av ailablel tol cus -
l tomers loutsi del thel Uni tedlStates.
l This lbooklis lprintedl onl recycl ed, lacid-
freelpaperlcontaini ngl 10% lpos tcons umerl waste. l 1l 2l 3l4l 5l 6l7l 8l 9l0lQ DB/Q DBl 1l0l 9l 8l7l 6l 5l4l 3l 2l
1
ISBN l 13: 978-0-07-337644-8
ISBNl 10: 0-07-337644-2
VicelPresi d entl andl E di tor-i n-Chi ef:l Mic hael lRyan
VicelPresi dent l &l Di rector lofl S peci alized l Publi s hi ng:lJanic el M. lR o erig -Blong
Publisher:l Willi aml Gl ass
Executi v el E di tor:lChri sto pher lJo hnso n
Seniorl Spons ori ng lE di tor:lDebralB. lHash
Directorlof lSales landlMarketing:lJenniferlJ.lLewis
Projectl M an ager:l Eri nl Melloy
DesignlCoordi nator:lM argarit elReynolds
CoverlD esi gne r:l Carol el Law so nl Cov er
lImage: lPhot odi sc /Gett y l Imagesl Buy er
:lSusanl K. l Cul bertso n
Medial Projectl M a nager:l Sri devi l Palani
Compositor:l Aptara®, l Inc.
Typeface: l10/12lNew lCent ury lSc hoolbook
Printer:l Quadl G raphics
LibraryloflCongress lCatal oging-in-Publicationl Data
Hall,lSusanlJ.l(SusanlJean),l1953–
Basicl biomechanics l /l Sus anl J. l Hall —6th l ed.
p.lcm.
ISBNl 978-0-07-337644-8l (alk. l paper)
1.l Biomechani cs. l 2. l Bi omech anics —P robl ems, le xercis es, le tc.l I.l Titl e.
QP303.H35l 2011
571.4'3—dc22 2011012284
www.mhhe.com
,BASIC l
BIOMEC H A NI C S l
Sl Il Xl Tl H El Dl Il Tl Il Ol N
Susan J. Hall, Ph. D.
l l l l
College lof lHealthlSciences lUniv
ersitylof lDelaware
TM
, TM
BASICl BIO ME CHANICS,l SIXT Hl EDITIO N
Publishedlby lM cGraw-Hill,lalbusi ness luni tlof lThelMcGraw-
Hill lCompani es, lInc., l1221lAv enuelofl thelAmericas, lNewl York, lNYl 10020. lCopyrightl ©l 2012l by lTh
el McGraw-
Hill l Companies, lInc.lAll l rights l reserved. lPrevious l edi tions l ©l 2007, l2003, landl 1999. lNol part l ofl this l
publicationl may lbelreproducedlorldistributedlinlany lformlorl by lany lmeans, lorlstoredlinlaldatabas elo
rlretrieval l system, lwithout lthel pri orl wri ttenlconsentlof lThelMcGraw-
Hill lCompani es, lInc., li ncludi ng, lbutl notllimitedl to, lany lnetworklorlotherlelectronic lstoragelorltrans
mission, lorlbroadcastlforldis-ltancell ear ni ng.
Somelancillaries, li ncl udi ngl electronic l andlpri ntlcomponents, l may lnotlbel av ailablel tol cus -
l tomers loutsi del thel Uni tedlStates.
l This lbooklis lprintedl onl recycl ed, lacid-
freelpaperlcontaini ngl 10% lpos tcons umerl waste. l 1l 2l 3l4l 5l 6l7l 8l 9l0lQ DB/Q DBl 1l0l 9l 8l7l 6l 5l4l 3l 2l
1
ISBN l 13: 978-0-07-337644-8
ISBNl 10: 0-07-337644-2
VicelPresi d entl andl E di tor-i n-Chi ef:l Mic hael lRyan
VicelPresi dent l &l Di rector lofl S peci alized l Publi s hi ng:lJanic el M. lR o erig -Blong
Publisher:l Willi aml Gl ass
Executi v el E di tor:lChri sto pher lJo hnso n
Seniorl Spons ori ng lE di tor:lDebralB. lHash
Directorlof lSales landlMarketing:lJenniferlJ.lLewis
Projectl M an ager:l Eri nl Melloy
DesignlCoordi nator:lM argarit elReynolds
CoverlD esi gne r:l Carol el Law so nl Cov er
lImage: lPhot odi sc /Gett y l Imagesl Buy er
:lSusanl K. l Cul bertso n
Medial Projectl M a nager:l Sri devi l Palani
Compositor:l Aptara®, l Inc.
Typeface: l10/12lNew lCent ury lSc hoolbook
Printer:l Quadl G raphics
LibraryloflCongress lCatal oging-in-Publicationl Data
Hall,lSusanlJ.l(SusanlJean),l1953–
Basicl biomechanics l /l Sus anl J. l Hall —6th l ed.
p.lcm.
ISBNl 978-0-07-337644-8l (alk. l paper)
1.l Biomechani cs. l 2. l Bi omech anics —P robl ems, le xercis es, le tc.l I.l Titl e.
QP303.H35l 2011
571.4'3—dc22 2011012284
www.mhhe.com
