,Chapter m1—ThemFactsmofmLife:mChemistry mIsmthemLogic mofmBiologicalmPhenomena
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
1. Allmare mdistinctive mpropertiesmofmlivingmsystemsmEXCEPT:
a. Livingmorganismsmaremrelatively msimple.
b. Biologicalmstructuresmplay mamrolemin mthemorganism'smexistence.
c. Themlivingmstatemismcharacterized mby mthemflowmof menergy mthrough mthemorganism.
d. Livingmorganismsmaremhighly morganized.
e. Livingmorganismsmaremactively mengaged min menergy mtransformation.
ANS:m A PTS:m m 1
2. Evenmthoughmthembuildingmblocksmhavemfairlymsimplemstructures,mmacromoleculesmaremexquisi
telymorganizedminmtheirmintricate mthree-dimensionalmarchitecture mknownmas:
a. configuration.
b. conformation.
c. sequence.
d. Lewismstructure.
e. structuralmmaturation.
ANS:m B PTS:m m 1
3. Allmofmthe mfollowingmactivitiesmrequire mthe mpresence mof mATPmormNADPHmEXCEPT:
a. osmoregulation.
b. biosynthesis.
c. movementmof mmuscles.
d. lightmemission.
e. none,mthey maremallmenergy-requiringmactivities.
ANS:m E PTS:m m 1
4. Whichmare mthe mfourmmostmcommonmelementsminmthe mhumanmbody?
a. hydrogen,mcalcium,moxygen mand msodium
b. hydrogen,moxygen,miron mand mcarbon
c. hydrogen,moxygen,mcarbon mand mnitrogen
d. oxygen,mcarbon,miron mand mnitrogen
e. oxygen,msilicon,mcalciummand mnitrogen
ANS:m C PTS:m m 1
5. Whatmmakesmcarbonmsuchmanmabundantmelementminmbiomolecules?
a. Itmcan mformmup mto mfivembondsmby msharingmitsmelectrons.
b. Itmformsmonly msinglembonds.
c. Itmprovidesmlowmbond menergy.
d. Itmformsmstablemcovalentmbondsmby melectron mpairmsharing.
e. Itmdoesmnotmusually mbondmtomothermcarbons,mallowingmammoremdiversemcombination
mof melements.
ANS:m D PTS:m m 1
Garrett/Grishamm5e TestmBank 1
, 6. The mmajormprecursorsmformthe mformationmofmbiomoleculesminclude mallmEXCEPT:
a. nitratemand mdinitrogen.
b. water.
c. carbon mdioxide.
d. ammonium mion.
e. none,mallmaremmajormprecursors.
ANS:m E PTS:m m 1
7. Frommthe mmajormprecursors, mthe mcomplex mbiomoleculesmare mmade minmwhichmsequence?
a. metabolites,mbuildingmblocks,mmacromolecules, msupramolecularmcomplexes
b. macromolecules, mbuildingmblocks,mmetabolites,msupramolecularmcomplexes
c. buildingmblocks,mmacromolecules, msupramolecularmcomplexes,mmetabolites
d. metabolites,mmacromolecules, mbuildingmblocks,msupramolecularmcomplexes
e. metabolites,mbuildingmblocks,msupramolecularmcomplexes,mmacromolecules
ANS:m A PTS:m m 1
8. The mstructuralmintegritymofmsupramolecularmcomplexesm(assemblies)mof mmultiple mcomponentsm
are mbondedmtomeachmothermbymallmofmthe mfollowingmforcesmEXCEPT:
a. covalentmbonds
b. van mdermWaalsmforces
c. hydrogen mbonds
d. hydrophobic minteractions
e. ionicminteractions
ANS:m A PTS:m m 1
9. Organellesmhave mwhatmthree mattributes?
a. Only min mprokaryotic mcells,mmembrane mbound,mhavemamdedicated msetmof mtasks.
b. Only min meukaryotic mcells,mmembrane mbound,mhavemamdedicated msetmof mtasks.
c. Only min meukaryotic mcells,mseldom mmembrane mbound,mhavemamdedicated msetmof mtasks.
d. Only min mprokaryotic mcells,mmembrane mbound,mmulti-functional.
e. In mboth mprokaryoticmcellsmand meukaryoticmcells,mmembrane mbound,mhavemamdedicatedmset
mof mtasks.
ANS:m B PTS:m m 1
10. Membrane mstructuresmaremmaintained mprimarily mby:
a. hydrophobic minteractions.
b. covalentmbonds.
c. hydrogen mbonds.
d. non-spontaneousmassembly.
e. ionicminteractions.
ANS:m A PTS:m m 1
11. Allmofmthe mfollowingmare mpropertiesmof mmembranesmEXCEPT:
a. supramolecularmassemblies.
b. definemboundariesmof mcellularmcomponents.
c. spontaneousmassembliesmresultingmfrommhydrophobic minteractions.
d. identicalmprotein mand mlipid mcomposition min mthemmajormorganelles.
e. none,mallmaremtrue.
ANS:m D PTS:m m 1
Garrett/Grishamm5e TestmBank 2
, 12. Which mofmthemfollowingmproperlymranksmthemnon-covalentminteractionsminmordermofmincreasingmstrength?
a. ionic,mhydrogen mbond,mvan mdermWaals
b. van mdermWaals,mhydrogen mbond,mionic
c. van mdermWaals,mionic,mhydrogen mbond
d. hydrogen mbond,mvan mdermWaals,mionic
e. cannotmbemdetermined msincemionicminteractionsmand mhydrogen mbondsmoften mvary min mstrength
ANS:m E PTS:m m 1
13. Weakmforcesmthatmcreatemconstantlymformingmandmbreakingminteractionsmatmphysiologicalmtemperatu
res,mbutmcumulativelymimpartmstabilitymtombiologicalmstructuresmgeneratedmbymtheirmcollectivemactivity
m include m allm EXCEPT:
a. hydrogen mbonds
b. van mdermWaalsmforces
c. covalentmbonds
d. ionicminteractions
e. hydrophobic minteractions
ANS:m C PTS:m m 1
14. Whichmofmthe mfollowingmismamtrue mstatementmaboutmnon-covalentmbonds?
a. They maremallmthemresultmof melectron msharing.
b. Hydrogen mbonds,mionicmbond mandmhydrophobicminteractionsmallmcarrymamdegreemofmspecific
ity mwhilemvan mdermWaalsminteractionsmareminduced.
c. Allmnoncovalentmbondsmaremformed mbetween moppositely mcharged mpolarmfunctions.
d. Van mdermWaalsminteractionsmaremnotmaffectedmbymstructuralmcomplementarity,mwhilemhydro
gen mbonds,mionicmbondsmandmhydrophobic minteraction maremaffectedmbymstructuralm complem
entarity.
e. Hydrogen,mvan mdermWaals,mand mhydrophobic minteractionsmdo mnotmformmlinearmbonds.
ANS:m B PTS:m m 1
15. Whichmofmthe mstatementsmaboutmthe mnature mof mthe mhydrogenmbondmismtrue?
a. Themdonormismamhydrogen matommbonded mto mamcarbon.
b. Themmoremlinearmthembond,mthemstrongermtheminteraction.
c. Themacceptormmustmbemsimilarmin melectronegativity mto mhydrogen.
d. Itmismamtypemof mcovalentmbond.
e. Amhydrogen mbond mismweakermthan mvan mdermWaalsmforces.
ANS:m B PTS:m m 1
16. Electrostaticmforces
a. include mionicminteractionsmbetweenmnegativelymchargedmcarboxylmgroupsmandmpositive
ly mcharged mamino mgroups.
b. average maboutm2 mkJ/molmin maqueousmsolutions.
c. typically maremdirectionalmlikemhydrogen mbonds.
d. require mamprecise mfitmlikemvan mdermWaalsminteractions.
e. include mionic,minducedmdipolemandmpermanentmdipoleminteraction
s.mANS:m A PTS:m 1
Garrett/Grishamm5e TestmBank 3
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
1. Allmare mdistinctive mpropertiesmofmlivingmsystemsmEXCEPT:
a. Livingmorganismsmaremrelatively msimple.
b. Biologicalmstructuresmplay mamrolemin mthemorganism'smexistence.
c. Themlivingmstatemismcharacterized mby mthemflowmof menergy mthrough mthemorganism.
d. Livingmorganismsmaremhighly morganized.
e. Livingmorganismsmaremactively mengaged min menergy mtransformation.
ANS:m A PTS:m m 1
2. Evenmthoughmthembuildingmblocksmhavemfairlymsimplemstructures,mmacromoleculesmaremexquisi
telymorganizedminmtheirmintricate mthree-dimensionalmarchitecture mknownmas:
a. configuration.
b. conformation.
c. sequence.
d. Lewismstructure.
e. structuralmmaturation.
ANS:m B PTS:m m 1
3. Allmofmthe mfollowingmactivitiesmrequire mthe mpresence mof mATPmormNADPHmEXCEPT:
a. osmoregulation.
b. biosynthesis.
c. movementmof mmuscles.
d. lightmemission.
e. none,mthey maremallmenergy-requiringmactivities.
ANS:m E PTS:m m 1
4. Whichmare mthe mfourmmostmcommonmelementsminmthe mhumanmbody?
a. hydrogen,mcalcium,moxygen mand msodium
b. hydrogen,moxygen,miron mand mcarbon
c. hydrogen,moxygen,mcarbon mand mnitrogen
d. oxygen,mcarbon,miron mand mnitrogen
e. oxygen,msilicon,mcalciummand mnitrogen
ANS:m C PTS:m m 1
5. Whatmmakesmcarbonmsuchmanmabundantmelementminmbiomolecules?
a. Itmcan mformmup mto mfivembondsmby msharingmitsmelectrons.
b. Itmformsmonly msinglembonds.
c. Itmprovidesmlowmbond menergy.
d. Itmformsmstablemcovalentmbondsmby melectron mpairmsharing.
e. Itmdoesmnotmusually mbondmtomothermcarbons,mallowingmammoremdiversemcombination
mof melements.
ANS:m D PTS:m m 1
Garrett/Grishamm5e TestmBank 1
, 6. The mmajormprecursorsmformthe mformationmofmbiomoleculesminclude mallmEXCEPT:
a. nitratemand mdinitrogen.
b. water.
c. carbon mdioxide.
d. ammonium mion.
e. none,mallmaremmajormprecursors.
ANS:m E PTS:m m 1
7. Frommthe mmajormprecursors, mthe mcomplex mbiomoleculesmare mmade minmwhichmsequence?
a. metabolites,mbuildingmblocks,mmacromolecules, msupramolecularmcomplexes
b. macromolecules, mbuildingmblocks,mmetabolites,msupramolecularmcomplexes
c. buildingmblocks,mmacromolecules, msupramolecularmcomplexes,mmetabolites
d. metabolites,mmacromolecules, mbuildingmblocks,msupramolecularmcomplexes
e. metabolites,mbuildingmblocks,msupramolecularmcomplexes,mmacromolecules
ANS:m A PTS:m m 1
8. The mstructuralmintegritymofmsupramolecularmcomplexesm(assemblies)mof mmultiple mcomponentsm
are mbondedmtomeachmothermbymallmofmthe mfollowingmforcesmEXCEPT:
a. covalentmbonds
b. van mdermWaalsmforces
c. hydrogen mbonds
d. hydrophobic minteractions
e. ionicminteractions
ANS:m A PTS:m m 1
9. Organellesmhave mwhatmthree mattributes?
a. Only min mprokaryotic mcells,mmembrane mbound,mhavemamdedicated msetmof mtasks.
b. Only min meukaryotic mcells,mmembrane mbound,mhavemamdedicated msetmof mtasks.
c. Only min meukaryotic mcells,mseldom mmembrane mbound,mhavemamdedicated msetmof mtasks.
d. Only min mprokaryotic mcells,mmembrane mbound,mmulti-functional.
e. In mboth mprokaryoticmcellsmand meukaryoticmcells,mmembrane mbound,mhavemamdedicatedmset
mof mtasks.
ANS:m B PTS:m m 1
10. Membrane mstructuresmaremmaintained mprimarily mby:
a. hydrophobic minteractions.
b. covalentmbonds.
c. hydrogen mbonds.
d. non-spontaneousmassembly.
e. ionicminteractions.
ANS:m A PTS:m m 1
11. Allmofmthe mfollowingmare mpropertiesmof mmembranesmEXCEPT:
a. supramolecularmassemblies.
b. definemboundariesmof mcellularmcomponents.
c. spontaneousmassembliesmresultingmfrommhydrophobic minteractions.
d. identicalmprotein mand mlipid mcomposition min mthemmajormorganelles.
e. none,mallmaremtrue.
ANS:m D PTS:m m 1
Garrett/Grishamm5e TestmBank 2
, 12. Which mofmthemfollowingmproperlymranksmthemnon-covalentminteractionsminmordermofmincreasingmstrength?
a. ionic,mhydrogen mbond,mvan mdermWaals
b. van mdermWaals,mhydrogen mbond,mionic
c. van mdermWaals,mionic,mhydrogen mbond
d. hydrogen mbond,mvan mdermWaals,mionic
e. cannotmbemdetermined msincemionicminteractionsmand mhydrogen mbondsmoften mvary min mstrength
ANS:m E PTS:m m 1
13. Weakmforcesmthatmcreatemconstantlymformingmandmbreakingminteractionsmatmphysiologicalmtemperatu
res,mbutmcumulativelymimpartmstabilitymtombiologicalmstructuresmgeneratedmbymtheirmcollectivemactivity
m include m allm EXCEPT:
a. hydrogen mbonds
b. van mdermWaalsmforces
c. covalentmbonds
d. ionicminteractions
e. hydrophobic minteractions
ANS:m C PTS:m m 1
14. Whichmofmthe mfollowingmismamtrue mstatementmaboutmnon-covalentmbonds?
a. They maremallmthemresultmof melectron msharing.
b. Hydrogen mbonds,mionicmbond mandmhydrophobicminteractionsmallmcarrymamdegreemofmspecific
ity mwhilemvan mdermWaalsminteractionsmareminduced.
c. Allmnoncovalentmbondsmaremformed mbetween moppositely mcharged mpolarmfunctions.
d. Van mdermWaalsminteractionsmaremnotmaffectedmbymstructuralmcomplementarity,mwhilemhydro
gen mbonds,mionicmbondsmandmhydrophobic minteraction maremaffectedmbymstructuralm complem
entarity.
e. Hydrogen,mvan mdermWaals,mand mhydrophobic minteractionsmdo mnotmformmlinearmbonds.
ANS:m B PTS:m m 1
15. Whichmofmthe mstatementsmaboutmthe mnature mof mthe mhydrogenmbondmismtrue?
a. Themdonormismamhydrogen matommbonded mto mamcarbon.
b. Themmoremlinearmthembond,mthemstrongermtheminteraction.
c. Themacceptormmustmbemsimilarmin melectronegativity mto mhydrogen.
d. Itmismamtypemof mcovalentmbond.
e. Amhydrogen mbond mismweakermthan mvan mdermWaalsmforces.
ANS:m B PTS:m m 1
16. Electrostaticmforces
a. include mionicminteractionsmbetweenmnegativelymchargedmcarboxylmgroupsmandmpositive
ly mcharged mamino mgroups.
b. average maboutm2 mkJ/molmin maqueousmsolutions.
c. typically maremdirectionalmlikemhydrogen mbonds.
d. require mamprecise mfitmlikemvan mdermWaalsminteractions.
e. include mionic,minducedmdipolemandmpermanentmdipoleminteraction
s.mANS:m A PTS:m 1
Garrett/Grishamm5e TestmBank 3
