,Chapter m1—ThemFoundations mofmChemistry
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
1. Which mof mthemfollowingmstatementsmismincorrect?
a. Ambody min mmotion mpossessesmkineticmenergy mbecause mof mitsmmotion.
b. An mobjectmpossessesmpotentialmenergy mbecause mof mitsmposition mormcomposition.
c. Nuclearmenergy misman mimportantmkind mof mpotentialmenergy.
d. Chemicalmreactionsmandmphysicalmchangesmthatmreleasemenergy mtomtheirmsurroundingsm
aremendothermic.
e. ThemLawmofmConservationmofmMattermandmEnergy mstatesmthatmthemcombined mamountmofmma
ttermand menergy min mthemuniverse mismfixed.
ANS:m D
OBJ:m DefinemthemLawsmofmConservation mofmmattermandmenergy.m |mDefinemthemtermsmendothermic mand
mexothermic. m|mClassify menergy masmpotentialmormkinetic.
TOP:m Mattermand mEnergy
2. Ambrakingmautomobile mconvertsmkineticmenergymintomheatminmthembrakempads.mThismismanmexamplemofmth
e:
a. lawmof mconservation mof menergy
b. lawmof mconstantmcomposition
c. lawmof mconservation mof mmatter
d. lawmof mmultiplemproportions
e. lawmof mgravity
ANS:m A
OBJ:m Apply mthemlawmofmconservationmofmenergy.mT
OP:m Mattermand mEnergy
3. Whenmmagnesiummismburnedminmairmthemmassmofmthemproductmismheaviermthanmthe moriginalmmassm
of mthe mmagnesium.mHowever,mthemproductmformedmstillmhasmthemsame mexactmmassmof mmagnesiu
mmwithmthe mremaindermofmthe mmassmbeingmoxygen.mThismismanmexample mof:
a. lawmof mconservation mof menergy
b. lawmof mdefinitemproportions
c. lawmof mconservation mof mmatter
d. lawmof mmultiplemproportions
e. lawmof mgravity
ANS:m C
OBJ:m Apply mthemlawmofmconservationmofmenergy.mT
OP:m Mattermand mEnergy
4. Which mof mthemfollowingmrepresentsmmattermthatmcould mbemdescribed masm macroscale?
a. ambromine matom
b. moleculesmof mwater
c. bacteria mobserved mundermammicroscope
d. ampaperclip
e. nonemof mthese
ANS:m D
OBJ:m Classify mamdescription mof mmattermasmatomic-,mmicro-,mormmacro-
scale.mTOP:m Chemistry m– mAmMolecularmViewmof mMatter
Whittenm10e TestmBank 1
,5. Dalton'smAtomicmTheory mincluded mallmof mthemideasmlisted mbelowmexcept:
a. Atomsmcannotmbemcreated mormdestroyed.
b. An melementmismcomposed mof mvery msmallmparticlesmcalled mprotons,mneutronsmand melectrons.
c. Allmatomsmof mamgiven melementmhavemidenticalmproperties.
d. Allmatomsmof mamgiven melementmhavempropertiesmthatmdiffermfrommthosemof mothermelements.
e. Compoundsmaremformedmwhen matomsmofmdifferentmelementsmcombinemwith monemanother
min msmallmwhole-numbermratios.
ANS:m B
OBJ:m IdentifymthemtenetsmofmDalton'smatomicmtheor
y.mTOP:m Chemistry m–
mAmMolecularmView mof mMatter
6. Atomsmconsistmof mthreemfundamentalmparticles.mWhatmaremthesemparticlesmand mtheirmcharges?
a. proton m(+1),mneutron m(neutral)mand melectron m(-1)
b. proton m(-1),mneutron m(+1)mand melectron m(neutral)
c. proton m(+1),mneutron m(-1)mand melectron m(neutral)
d. proton m(neutral),mneutron m(+1)mand melectron m(-1)
e. proton m(-1),mneutron m(neutral)mand melectron m(+1)
ANS:m A
OBJ:m Identifymthemthreemsubatomicmparticlesmthatmmakemup man mato
m.mTOP:m Chemistry m– mAmMolecularmViewmof mMatter
7. Onemof mthemfollowingmdoesmnotmdescribe mgases.mWhichmone mismit?
a. Expandsminfinitely.
b. Rigid mshape.
c. Easily mcompressed.
d. Relatively mlowmdensities.
e. Particlesmfarmapart.
ANS:m B
OBJ:m Classify mamgas.mTO
P:m Statesmof mMatter
8. Onemof mthemfollowingmdoesmnotmdescribe msolids.mWhichmone mismit?
a. Particlesmin mdefinitempositions.
b. Definite mshape.
c. Easily mcompressed.
d. Relatively mhigh mdensities.
e. Particlesmcompact.
ANS:m C
OBJ:m Classify mamsolid.mT
OP:m Statesmof mMatter
9. Whichmresponse mlistsmcharacteristicsmof mliquids?
I. Volume mdoesmnotmvary mmuch mupon mheating.
II. Shapemismconstant.
III. Easily mcompressed.
IV. Fillsmthemcontainermcompletely.
V. Flows.
Whittenm10e TestmBank 2
, a. I,mIII,mIV,mand mV
b. II,mIII,mand mV
c. I
d. I,mII,mIV,mand mIV
e. Imand mV
ANS:m E
OBJ:m Classify mamliquid.m
TOP:m Statesmof mMatter
10. Allmof mthemfollowingmarempropertiesmof mantimony.mWhich monemismnotmamphysicalmproperty?
a. Itmismamsolid matmroommtemperature.
b. Itmhasmboth myellowmand mgray mformsm(allotropes)min mthemsolid mstate.
c. Itmburnsmin man matmosphere mof mchlorine.
d. Itmismonemof mthemfewmsubstancesmthatmexpandsmupon mfreezing.
e. Themgray mformmmeltsmatm631 C.
ANS:m C
OBJ:m Classify mamproperty masmphysicalmormchemical.
mTOP:m Chemicalmand mPhysicalmProperties
11. Themfollowingmpropertiesmdescribe mzinc.mWhich mone(s)mism(are)mchemicalmproperties?
I. Itmismbluish-whitemmetal.
II. Itmcorrodesmupon mprolonged mcontactmwith mmoistmair.
III. Itsmdensity mism7.14 mg/cm3 .
IV. Itmmeltsmatm419 C.
V. Itmconductsmelectricity.
a. IVmand mV
b. IV
c. V
d. II,mIV,mand mV
e. II
ANS:m E
OBJ:m Classify mamproperty masmphysicalmormchemical.
mTOP:m Chemicalmand mPhysicalmProperties
12. Allmof mthemfollowingmarempropertiesmof moxygen.mWhich monemismamphysicalmproperty?
a. Itmsupportsmcombustion.
b. Itmcondensesmto mamliquid matm-219 Cmand matmospheric mpressure.
c. Itmcausesmiron mto mrust.
d. Itmreactsmwith mcalciummto mproduce mcalciummoxide,mCaO.
e. Allmof mthesemaremphysicalmproperties.
ANS:m B
OBJ:m Classify mamproperty masmphysicalmormchemical.
mTOP:m Chemicalmand mPhysicalmProperties
Whittenm10e TestmBank 3
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
1. Which mof mthemfollowingmstatementsmismincorrect?
a. Ambody min mmotion mpossessesmkineticmenergy mbecause mof mitsmmotion.
b. An mobjectmpossessesmpotentialmenergy mbecause mof mitsmposition mormcomposition.
c. Nuclearmenergy misman mimportantmkind mof mpotentialmenergy.
d. Chemicalmreactionsmandmphysicalmchangesmthatmreleasemenergy mtomtheirmsurroundingsm
aremendothermic.
e. ThemLawmofmConservationmofmMattermandmEnergy mstatesmthatmthemcombined mamountmofmma
ttermand menergy min mthemuniverse mismfixed.
ANS:m D
OBJ:m DefinemthemLawsmofmConservation mofmmattermandmenergy.m |mDefinemthemtermsmendothermic mand
mexothermic. m|mClassify menergy masmpotentialmormkinetic.
TOP:m Mattermand mEnergy
2. Ambrakingmautomobile mconvertsmkineticmenergymintomheatminmthembrakempads.mThismismanmexamplemofmth
e:
a. lawmof mconservation mof menergy
b. lawmof mconstantmcomposition
c. lawmof mconservation mof mmatter
d. lawmof mmultiplemproportions
e. lawmof mgravity
ANS:m A
OBJ:m Apply mthemlawmofmconservationmofmenergy.mT
OP:m Mattermand mEnergy
3. Whenmmagnesiummismburnedminmairmthemmassmofmthemproductmismheaviermthanmthe moriginalmmassm
of mthe mmagnesium.mHowever,mthemproductmformedmstillmhasmthemsame mexactmmassmof mmagnesiu
mmwithmthe mremaindermofmthe mmassmbeingmoxygen.mThismismanmexample mof:
a. lawmof mconservation mof menergy
b. lawmof mdefinitemproportions
c. lawmof mconservation mof mmatter
d. lawmof mmultiplemproportions
e. lawmof mgravity
ANS:m C
OBJ:m Apply mthemlawmofmconservationmofmenergy.mT
OP:m Mattermand mEnergy
4. Which mof mthemfollowingmrepresentsmmattermthatmcould mbemdescribed masm macroscale?
a. ambromine matom
b. moleculesmof mwater
c. bacteria mobserved mundermammicroscope
d. ampaperclip
e. nonemof mthese
ANS:m D
OBJ:m Classify mamdescription mof mmattermasmatomic-,mmicro-,mormmacro-
scale.mTOP:m Chemistry m– mAmMolecularmViewmof mMatter
Whittenm10e TestmBank 1
,5. Dalton'smAtomicmTheory mincluded mallmof mthemideasmlisted mbelowmexcept:
a. Atomsmcannotmbemcreated mormdestroyed.
b. An melementmismcomposed mof mvery msmallmparticlesmcalled mprotons,mneutronsmand melectrons.
c. Allmatomsmof mamgiven melementmhavemidenticalmproperties.
d. Allmatomsmof mamgiven melementmhavempropertiesmthatmdiffermfrommthosemof mothermelements.
e. Compoundsmaremformedmwhen matomsmofmdifferentmelementsmcombinemwith monemanother
min msmallmwhole-numbermratios.
ANS:m B
OBJ:m IdentifymthemtenetsmofmDalton'smatomicmtheor
y.mTOP:m Chemistry m–
mAmMolecularmView mof mMatter
6. Atomsmconsistmof mthreemfundamentalmparticles.mWhatmaremthesemparticlesmand mtheirmcharges?
a. proton m(+1),mneutron m(neutral)mand melectron m(-1)
b. proton m(-1),mneutron m(+1)mand melectron m(neutral)
c. proton m(+1),mneutron m(-1)mand melectron m(neutral)
d. proton m(neutral),mneutron m(+1)mand melectron m(-1)
e. proton m(-1),mneutron m(neutral)mand melectron m(+1)
ANS:m A
OBJ:m Identifymthemthreemsubatomicmparticlesmthatmmakemup man mato
m.mTOP:m Chemistry m– mAmMolecularmViewmof mMatter
7. Onemof mthemfollowingmdoesmnotmdescribe mgases.mWhichmone mismit?
a. Expandsminfinitely.
b. Rigid mshape.
c. Easily mcompressed.
d. Relatively mlowmdensities.
e. Particlesmfarmapart.
ANS:m B
OBJ:m Classify mamgas.mTO
P:m Statesmof mMatter
8. Onemof mthemfollowingmdoesmnotmdescribe msolids.mWhichmone mismit?
a. Particlesmin mdefinitempositions.
b. Definite mshape.
c. Easily mcompressed.
d. Relatively mhigh mdensities.
e. Particlesmcompact.
ANS:m C
OBJ:m Classify mamsolid.mT
OP:m Statesmof mMatter
9. Whichmresponse mlistsmcharacteristicsmof mliquids?
I. Volume mdoesmnotmvary mmuch mupon mheating.
II. Shapemismconstant.
III. Easily mcompressed.
IV. Fillsmthemcontainermcompletely.
V. Flows.
Whittenm10e TestmBank 2
, a. I,mIII,mIV,mand mV
b. II,mIII,mand mV
c. I
d. I,mII,mIV,mand mIV
e. Imand mV
ANS:m E
OBJ:m Classify mamliquid.m
TOP:m Statesmof mMatter
10. Allmof mthemfollowingmarempropertiesmof mantimony.mWhich monemismnotmamphysicalmproperty?
a. Itmismamsolid matmroommtemperature.
b. Itmhasmboth myellowmand mgray mformsm(allotropes)min mthemsolid mstate.
c. Itmburnsmin man matmosphere mof mchlorine.
d. Itmismonemof mthemfewmsubstancesmthatmexpandsmupon mfreezing.
e. Themgray mformmmeltsmatm631 C.
ANS:m C
OBJ:m Classify mamproperty masmphysicalmormchemical.
mTOP:m Chemicalmand mPhysicalmProperties
11. Themfollowingmpropertiesmdescribe mzinc.mWhich mone(s)mism(are)mchemicalmproperties?
I. Itmismbluish-whitemmetal.
II. Itmcorrodesmupon mprolonged mcontactmwith mmoistmair.
III. Itsmdensity mism7.14 mg/cm3 .
IV. Itmmeltsmatm419 C.
V. Itmconductsmelectricity.
a. IVmand mV
b. IV
c. V
d. II,mIV,mand mV
e. II
ANS:m E
OBJ:m Classify mamproperty masmphysicalmormchemical.
mTOP:m Chemicalmand mPhysicalmProperties
12. Allmof mthemfollowingmarempropertiesmof moxygen.mWhich monemismamphysicalmproperty?
a. Itmsupportsmcombustion.
b. Itmcondensesmto mamliquid matm-219 Cmand matmospheric mpressure.
c. Itmcausesmiron mto mrust.
d. Itmreactsmwith mcalciummto mproduce mcalciummoxide,mCaO.
e. Allmof mthesemaremphysicalmproperties.
ANS:m B
OBJ:m Classify mamproperty masmphysicalmormchemical.
mTOP:m Chemicalmand mPhysicalmProperties
Whittenm10e TestmBank 3
