STRAIGHTERLINE MICROBIOLOGY CONCEPTS EXAM 2025 |158
QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
1. An effective test to determine whether an individual is allergic to a
specific substance is to
test for the allergen in the blood.
test for levels of IgE specific for the allergen.
test for high levels of IgG in the serum.
inject high levels of the allergen to see if the patient goes into
anaphylactic shock.
2. In a laboratory setting, if a culture of facultative anaerobes is placed in an
oxygen-rich environment, what metabolic process would you expect
them to primarily utilize?
Aerobic respiration
Fermentation
Anaerobic respiration
Photosynthesis
3. If a patient shows elevated levels of IgE after exposure to pollen, what
conclusion can be drawn regarding their health?
The patient may have an allergy to pollen.
The patient is immune to pollen.
The patient has a bacterial infection.
The patient has a viral infection.
4. Which of the following may result in development of resistance to
antimicrobial drugs?
Bacteria producing enzymes that inactivate the drugs
, Bacteria may pump the drugs out, so they won't be effective
anymore
mutation in chromosomal genes
All these may result in development of resistance to
antimicrobial drugs
5. Microbes become newly resistant to a drug after
A. Spontaneous mutation of important chromosomal genes
B. Acquiring gene(s) for resistance via horizontal gene transfer
C. A or B
D. None of the above
6. Which of the following are TRUE about transposons? I. They are normal
components of plasmids. II. They often carry genes for antibiotic
resistance.
I, II, III
I, II
II, III
II only
III only
7. In a laboratory experiment, if a researcher adds a noncompetitive
inhibitor to an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, what would be the expected
outcome on the reaction rate when substrate concentration is increased?
The reaction rate will not reach the maximum velocity even with
increased substrate concentration.
The reaction rate will increase proportionally with substrate
concentration.
, The reaction rate will decrease significantly with increased
substrate concentration.
The reaction rate will double with the addition of the
noncompetitive inhibitor.
8. Which types of organisms are classified as genetically modified
organisms?
bacteria, viruses, plants and nonhuman animals
fungi and protozoa
only plants and animals
only bacteria and viruses
9. What are the three main stages of aerobic respiration?
Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
Fermentation, glycolysis, and the Krebs cycle
Glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and fermentation
Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, and photosynthesis
10. Protective features of the skin include all but _____ _.
keratinized surface
high pH
antimicrobial peptides
lysozyme
resident biota
11. What term is used to describe microorganisms that thrive in extremely
low temperatures?
Psychrophiles
, Thermophiles
Mesophiles
Halophiles
12. Reducing medium is used to isolate ______microbes
Fastidious
Obligate aerobic
Autotrophic
Obligate anaerobic
Intracellular parasitic
13. NCLEX: Which of the following statements is true of penicillins MOA and
demonstrates the concept of selective toxicity?
Penicillin inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria by blocking the
chemical peptidogylcan
Penicillin is toxic to bacterial cells and human cells that possess
peptidogylcan
Penicillin inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in bacteria by
blocking the chemical peptidogylcan
Penicillin inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in viruses by
blocking the chemical peptidogylcan
14. What type of microorganisms are primarily affected by lysozyme?
Gram positive organisms
Gram negative organisms
Viruses
Fungi
QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
1. An effective test to determine whether an individual is allergic to a
specific substance is to
test for the allergen in the blood.
test for levels of IgE specific for the allergen.
test for high levels of IgG in the serum.
inject high levels of the allergen to see if the patient goes into
anaphylactic shock.
2. In a laboratory setting, if a culture of facultative anaerobes is placed in an
oxygen-rich environment, what metabolic process would you expect
them to primarily utilize?
Aerobic respiration
Fermentation
Anaerobic respiration
Photosynthesis
3. If a patient shows elevated levels of IgE after exposure to pollen, what
conclusion can be drawn regarding their health?
The patient may have an allergy to pollen.
The patient is immune to pollen.
The patient has a bacterial infection.
The patient has a viral infection.
4. Which of the following may result in development of resistance to
antimicrobial drugs?
Bacteria producing enzymes that inactivate the drugs
, Bacteria may pump the drugs out, so they won't be effective
anymore
mutation in chromosomal genes
All these may result in development of resistance to
antimicrobial drugs
5. Microbes become newly resistant to a drug after
A. Spontaneous mutation of important chromosomal genes
B. Acquiring gene(s) for resistance via horizontal gene transfer
C. A or B
D. None of the above
6. Which of the following are TRUE about transposons? I. They are normal
components of plasmids. II. They often carry genes for antibiotic
resistance.
I, II, III
I, II
II, III
II only
III only
7. In a laboratory experiment, if a researcher adds a noncompetitive
inhibitor to an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, what would be the expected
outcome on the reaction rate when substrate concentration is increased?
The reaction rate will not reach the maximum velocity even with
increased substrate concentration.
The reaction rate will increase proportionally with substrate
concentration.
, The reaction rate will decrease significantly with increased
substrate concentration.
The reaction rate will double with the addition of the
noncompetitive inhibitor.
8. Which types of organisms are classified as genetically modified
organisms?
bacteria, viruses, plants and nonhuman animals
fungi and protozoa
only plants and animals
only bacteria and viruses
9. What are the three main stages of aerobic respiration?
Glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
Fermentation, glycolysis, and the Krebs cycle
Glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and fermentation
Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, and photosynthesis
10. Protective features of the skin include all but _____ _.
keratinized surface
high pH
antimicrobial peptides
lysozyme
resident biota
11. What term is used to describe microorganisms that thrive in extremely
low temperatures?
Psychrophiles
, Thermophiles
Mesophiles
Halophiles
12. Reducing medium is used to isolate ______microbes
Fastidious
Obligate aerobic
Autotrophic
Obligate anaerobic
Intracellular parasitic
13. NCLEX: Which of the following statements is true of penicillins MOA and
demonstrates the concept of selective toxicity?
Penicillin inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria by blocking the
chemical peptidogylcan
Penicillin is toxic to bacterial cells and human cells that possess
peptidogylcan
Penicillin inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in bacteria by
blocking the chemical peptidogylcan
Penicillin inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in viruses by
blocking the chemical peptidogylcan
14. What type of microorganisms are primarily affected by lysozyme?
Gram positive organisms
Gram negative organisms
Viruses
Fungi
