Test Bank - Introduction to Genetic Analysis, 12th Edition (Griffiths, 2021), Chapter 1-20Test Bank - Introduction to Genetic Analysis, 12th Edition (Griffiths, 2021), Chapter 1-20

Test Bank - Introduction to Genetic Analysis, 12th Edition (Griffiths, 2021), Chapter 1-20 H+ bonding - ans-Hydrogen bonding, a type of chemical bonding between hydrogen and other atoms introduce the engineered plasmid - ans-The process of transferring the engineered plasmid into a bacterium bacterium - ans-A single-celled organism belonging to the domain Bacteria competency - ans-The ability of a bacterium to take up foreign DNA permeable - ans-Allowing substances to pass through resgene - ans-Resistance gene, a gene that confers resistance to an antibiotic or other toxic substance GFP - ans-Green fluorescent protein, a protein that fluoresces green when exposed to certain wavelengths of light vector size - ans-The size of the DNA molecule used as a vector for gene transfer phages - ans-Bacteriophages, viruses that infect bacteria fosmids - ans-Hybrid lambda phage and plasmid vectors that can hold larger DNA inserts P a g e | 2 BACs - ans-Bacterial artificial chromosomes, large DNA vectors that can hold very large DNA inserts F plasmid - ans-Fertility plasmid, a plasmid that contains the fertility factor and can replicate itself subcloning - ans-The process of moving a transgene into a different plasmid cloning - ans-The process of allowing the engineered plasmid to reproduce itself polymerase chain reaction - ans-A laboratory technique used to amplify a specific DNA sequence melting - ans-The process of separating the two strands of DNA by heating annealing - ans-The process of binding primers to the single-stranded DNA template elongation - ans-The process of synthesizing a new DNA strand using DNA polymerase taq polymerase - ans-A heat-stable DNA polymerase commonly used in PCR primers - ans-Short DNA sequences that serve as starting points for DNA synthesis P a g e | 3 buffers - ans-Solutions that help maintain a stable pH and provide optimal conditions for enzymatic reactions oligonucleotides - ans-Short DNA or RNA molecules that are synthesized in the laboratory thermocycler - ans-A laboratory instrument used to perform the temperature cycles required for PCR design primers - ans-The process of designing specific DNA primers to target a desired region of DNA melting temperature - ans-The temperature at which half of the DNA strands are in a double-stranded state and half are in a single-stranded state denature - ans-The process of separating the two strands of DNA by heating extend - ans-The process of synthesizing a new DNA strand using DNA polymerase PCR sequencing - ans-A method used to determine the DNA sequence of a specific region ddGTP, ddTTP, ddATP, ddCTP - ans-Dideoxynucleotides, modified nucleotides that lack a 3' hydroxyl group and terminate DNA synthesis fluorochrome - ans-A fluorescent molecule that emits light of a specific color when excited by light of a different color