General Chairside Board Review
Comprehensive Exam Solved 100% Correct
1. Rotary Burs - ANSWER-Refer to textbook
10. A buffer period is primarily used for what? - ANSWER-To maintain the pH of the
mouth
100. What are the different types of implants? - ANSWER-- subperiosteal implant
- endosteal implant
- mini dental implant (MDI)
- transosteal implant
(see chapter 26 for descriptions)
101. What gauge needle is used for each injection? - ANSWER-25-gauge needle is
recommended for all injections, but it is strongly recommended for all injections with a
high risk of positive aspiration and/or with a significant depth of penetration.
27-gauge needle is recommended for injections where depth of penetration and risk of
positive aspiration are minimal.
30-gauge needle is not recommended for dental use any longer but it can be useful for
localized infiltration
102. Why is it important to tuck/invert the dental dam? - ANSWER-It is important to
tuck/invert the dental damn into the sulcus of the gingiva to seal the tooth and prevent
leakage.
103. What is a PPO? - ANSWER-PPO is a type of health plan that contracts with
medical where your insurance would cover for appointments with a Preferred Provider.
The insurance company has negotiated rates with the providers in their insurance
network (Preferred Provider Organization).
104. What does HIPPA stand for? - ANSWER-HIPPA stands for Health Insurance
Portability and Accountability Act of 1996.
105. Name the salivary ducts? What might cause them to swell? - ANSWER-Parotid
duct (Stenson's duct), ducts of Bartholin, Wharton's duct, and ducts of Rivinus.
Salivary stones or mumps could cause them to swell.
,106. How long are dental records kept? - ANSWER-On average dental records are kept
for 6 years. North Carolina has to keep records for 10 years. HIPPA requires records to
be retained for 6 years. There is a rule of thumb that states retention for 6 years after
death, 10 years after last appointment, and 21 years from date of birth. Most importantly
follow the laws of record retention for the state you are in.
107. State the "normal" pulse, respirations, blood pressure for an adult and child. -
ANSWER-Normal vitals for an adult are; Pulse: 60-100 bpm, respirations of 12-18 rpm,
BP 120/80.
Normal vitals for a child are; Pulse 70-100 bpm, respirations of 20-40 rpm, BP for child
10 years of age 100/66, and adolescent 16 years of age 118-76.
108. What is the difference between hypertension, hypotension, and orthostatic
hypotension? - ANSWER-Hypertension is when BP is higher than normal, Hypotension
is when BP is lower than normal, andOrthostatic Hypotension is low BP while standing
up or lying down.
109. State the medications used for a direct and indirect pulp cap. - ANSWER-Direct
pulp capping uses calcium hydroxide or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).
Indirect pulp capping uses calcium hydroxide, MTA, glass ionomer cement, zinc
oxide/eugenol, calcium silicate.
11. Which muscle is not used for mastication? - ANSWER-The muscles of facial
expressions are not used during mastication, which includes the orbicularis oris,
buccinator, mentalis, and the zygomatic major. The muscles used during mastication
include the internal and external pterygoid muscles, masseter and temporal muscles.
110. What is the depth of normal sulcus? - ANSWER-The depth of normal sulcus is
3mm or less
111. Describe healthy gingiva. - ANSWER-Usually pink or brownish pink depending on
the pigmentation. The fibrous tissue is covered w/ mucous membrane that can
withstand pressure during chewing.
112. What impression material is used to take impressions for study models, and what
material is used to pour the impressions? - ANSWER-Alginate impressions are taken for
study models.
To pour impressions either, Gypsum: Type I impression plaster; Type II model or lab
plaster; Orthodontic stone/combo of Type II; Type III lab stone; Type IV die stone; or
Type V high strength, high expansion die stone are used.
,113. Explain the difference between diastolic and systolic pressure. - ANSWER-
Diastolic pressure - Created as the arteries return to their original state when the heart
relaxes between contractions.
Systolic pressure - Created when the heart contracts and forces blood through the
arteries.
114. What are common signs of high blood pressure? - ANSWER-Headaches,
dizziness, nosebleeds, facial flushing, difficult breathing, vision problems, chest pains,
irregular heartbeat, fatigue, and blood in urine.
115. In an emergency situation, what artery is used to monitor pulse? - ANSWER-
carotid artery
116. How does the dental assistant seated height compare to that of the dentist? -
ANSWER-The assistant seat is 4 to 8 inches higher.
117. In which hand does the dental asst. hold the air water syringe and HVE when
working for a right-handed dentist? - ANSWER-DA holds air water syringe w/ right hand
and the HVE is held in left hand when working w/ right-handed dentist.
118. What fingers are used to place instruments in the dentist's hand? What fingers are
used to retrieve the instruments? - ANSWER-Place- the thumb, index or 1st finger,
middle or 2nd finger.
Retrieve- the pinky or 4th finger.
119. What can be used to retract the cheek when working on the patient's left side? -
ANSWER-mirror.
12. What are the parts of the TMJ? - ANSWER-Composed of 3 parts:
The glenoid fossa of the temporal bone
The articular eminence of the temporal bone
The condyloid process of the mandible
120. What is used to retract the tongue when working on the lower right? - ANSWER-
HVE, mirror, A/W syringe tip
121. What is the best method of providing access, visibility, and maintaining the
operating field for operative dentistry? - ANSWER-Use of dental dam OR using HVE,
retraction, and lighting
122. What is the purpose of the dental dam napkin? - ANSWER-Used for patient
comfort and to absorb saliva, water, and perspiration
, 123. When providing a full mouth rinse, where is the HVE placed? - ANSWER-Tip is in
the posterior position; while doing patient's right side, place HVE lingual side of molars;
while doing patient's left side, place HVE buccal side of molars.
124. When the dentist is using indirect vision when treating a maxillary molar, what must
the dental assistant do? - ANSWER-Use the A/W syringe to blow air onto the operator's
mirror
125. What is the correct order for assembling the anesthetic syringe? - ANSWER-Select
correct needle size, insert carpule in barrel, attach needle to syringe, engage harpoon,
check to be sure harpoon is engaged, place cover loosely on needle until syringe is
needed, place syringe on tray until ready for use
126. Where should needles that have been used be placed? - ANSWER-Sharps
container
127. Where should cotton rolls be placed when treating the maxillary/mandibular teeth?
- ANSWER-Maxillary= buccal side of teeth (mucobuccal fold)
Mandibular= buccal side and lingual side of teeth
128. What post operative instructions are given following topical fluoride treatment? -
ANSWER-Allow varnish to remain on teeth for at least several hours/overnight; resume
brushing following morning; eat soft foods, cool liquids for at least 4 hours
129. What are the common types of fluoride used topically in dental offices? -
ANSWER-Gels, rinses, foams, and liquids
13. Which bone articulates with the mandible? - ANSWER-The temporal bone
130. What procedure is done to ensure plaque removal following coronal polishing? -
ANSWER-Floss and rinse; can use dental tape for interproximal spaces too
131. How is minor bleeding controlled following surgical procedures? - ANSWER-Sterile
gauze is placed in patients mouth to bite on immediately; removed when oozing has
stopped
132. What is the procedure for removing cement following crown cementation? -
ANSWER-Use explorer or scaler to remove excess cement along the gingiva; then floss
interproximal spaces after patient has bit on a sterile cotton roll for 3-5 minutes
133. What must be done after a rubber dam is removed? - ANSWER-Examine the dam
material by spreading the dental dam material out flat and examining to make certain
that all the interseptal material is present; if not, floss the teeth; massage gingiva around
the anchor tooth to increase circulation of the area; rinse and evacuate mouth.
Comprehensive Exam Solved 100% Correct
1. Rotary Burs - ANSWER-Refer to textbook
10. A buffer period is primarily used for what? - ANSWER-To maintain the pH of the
mouth
100. What are the different types of implants? - ANSWER-- subperiosteal implant
- endosteal implant
- mini dental implant (MDI)
- transosteal implant
(see chapter 26 for descriptions)
101. What gauge needle is used for each injection? - ANSWER-25-gauge needle is
recommended for all injections, but it is strongly recommended for all injections with a
high risk of positive aspiration and/or with a significant depth of penetration.
27-gauge needle is recommended for injections where depth of penetration and risk of
positive aspiration are minimal.
30-gauge needle is not recommended for dental use any longer but it can be useful for
localized infiltration
102. Why is it important to tuck/invert the dental dam? - ANSWER-It is important to
tuck/invert the dental damn into the sulcus of the gingiva to seal the tooth and prevent
leakage.
103. What is a PPO? - ANSWER-PPO is a type of health plan that contracts with
medical where your insurance would cover for appointments with a Preferred Provider.
The insurance company has negotiated rates with the providers in their insurance
network (Preferred Provider Organization).
104. What does HIPPA stand for? - ANSWER-HIPPA stands for Health Insurance
Portability and Accountability Act of 1996.
105. Name the salivary ducts? What might cause them to swell? - ANSWER-Parotid
duct (Stenson's duct), ducts of Bartholin, Wharton's duct, and ducts of Rivinus.
Salivary stones or mumps could cause them to swell.
,106. How long are dental records kept? - ANSWER-On average dental records are kept
for 6 years. North Carolina has to keep records for 10 years. HIPPA requires records to
be retained for 6 years. There is a rule of thumb that states retention for 6 years after
death, 10 years after last appointment, and 21 years from date of birth. Most importantly
follow the laws of record retention for the state you are in.
107. State the "normal" pulse, respirations, blood pressure for an adult and child. -
ANSWER-Normal vitals for an adult are; Pulse: 60-100 bpm, respirations of 12-18 rpm,
BP 120/80.
Normal vitals for a child are; Pulse 70-100 bpm, respirations of 20-40 rpm, BP for child
10 years of age 100/66, and adolescent 16 years of age 118-76.
108. What is the difference between hypertension, hypotension, and orthostatic
hypotension? - ANSWER-Hypertension is when BP is higher than normal, Hypotension
is when BP is lower than normal, andOrthostatic Hypotension is low BP while standing
up or lying down.
109. State the medications used for a direct and indirect pulp cap. - ANSWER-Direct
pulp capping uses calcium hydroxide or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).
Indirect pulp capping uses calcium hydroxide, MTA, glass ionomer cement, zinc
oxide/eugenol, calcium silicate.
11. Which muscle is not used for mastication? - ANSWER-The muscles of facial
expressions are not used during mastication, which includes the orbicularis oris,
buccinator, mentalis, and the zygomatic major. The muscles used during mastication
include the internal and external pterygoid muscles, masseter and temporal muscles.
110. What is the depth of normal sulcus? - ANSWER-The depth of normal sulcus is
3mm or less
111. Describe healthy gingiva. - ANSWER-Usually pink or brownish pink depending on
the pigmentation. The fibrous tissue is covered w/ mucous membrane that can
withstand pressure during chewing.
112. What impression material is used to take impressions for study models, and what
material is used to pour the impressions? - ANSWER-Alginate impressions are taken for
study models.
To pour impressions either, Gypsum: Type I impression plaster; Type II model or lab
plaster; Orthodontic stone/combo of Type II; Type III lab stone; Type IV die stone; or
Type V high strength, high expansion die stone are used.
,113. Explain the difference between diastolic and systolic pressure. - ANSWER-
Diastolic pressure - Created as the arteries return to their original state when the heart
relaxes between contractions.
Systolic pressure - Created when the heart contracts and forces blood through the
arteries.
114. What are common signs of high blood pressure? - ANSWER-Headaches,
dizziness, nosebleeds, facial flushing, difficult breathing, vision problems, chest pains,
irregular heartbeat, fatigue, and blood in urine.
115. In an emergency situation, what artery is used to monitor pulse? - ANSWER-
carotid artery
116. How does the dental assistant seated height compare to that of the dentist? -
ANSWER-The assistant seat is 4 to 8 inches higher.
117. In which hand does the dental asst. hold the air water syringe and HVE when
working for a right-handed dentist? - ANSWER-DA holds air water syringe w/ right hand
and the HVE is held in left hand when working w/ right-handed dentist.
118. What fingers are used to place instruments in the dentist's hand? What fingers are
used to retrieve the instruments? - ANSWER-Place- the thumb, index or 1st finger,
middle or 2nd finger.
Retrieve- the pinky or 4th finger.
119. What can be used to retract the cheek when working on the patient's left side? -
ANSWER-mirror.
12. What are the parts of the TMJ? - ANSWER-Composed of 3 parts:
The glenoid fossa of the temporal bone
The articular eminence of the temporal bone
The condyloid process of the mandible
120. What is used to retract the tongue when working on the lower right? - ANSWER-
HVE, mirror, A/W syringe tip
121. What is the best method of providing access, visibility, and maintaining the
operating field for operative dentistry? - ANSWER-Use of dental dam OR using HVE,
retraction, and lighting
122. What is the purpose of the dental dam napkin? - ANSWER-Used for patient
comfort and to absorb saliva, water, and perspiration
, 123. When providing a full mouth rinse, where is the HVE placed? - ANSWER-Tip is in
the posterior position; while doing patient's right side, place HVE lingual side of molars;
while doing patient's left side, place HVE buccal side of molars.
124. When the dentist is using indirect vision when treating a maxillary molar, what must
the dental assistant do? - ANSWER-Use the A/W syringe to blow air onto the operator's
mirror
125. What is the correct order for assembling the anesthetic syringe? - ANSWER-Select
correct needle size, insert carpule in barrel, attach needle to syringe, engage harpoon,
check to be sure harpoon is engaged, place cover loosely on needle until syringe is
needed, place syringe on tray until ready for use
126. Where should needles that have been used be placed? - ANSWER-Sharps
container
127. Where should cotton rolls be placed when treating the maxillary/mandibular teeth?
- ANSWER-Maxillary= buccal side of teeth (mucobuccal fold)
Mandibular= buccal side and lingual side of teeth
128. What post operative instructions are given following topical fluoride treatment? -
ANSWER-Allow varnish to remain on teeth for at least several hours/overnight; resume
brushing following morning; eat soft foods, cool liquids for at least 4 hours
129. What are the common types of fluoride used topically in dental offices? -
ANSWER-Gels, rinses, foams, and liquids
13. Which bone articulates with the mandible? - ANSWER-The temporal bone
130. What procedure is done to ensure plaque removal following coronal polishing? -
ANSWER-Floss and rinse; can use dental tape for interproximal spaces too
131. How is minor bleeding controlled following surgical procedures? - ANSWER-Sterile
gauze is placed in patients mouth to bite on immediately; removed when oozing has
stopped
132. What is the procedure for removing cement following crown cementation? -
ANSWER-Use explorer or scaler to remove excess cement along the gingiva; then floss
interproximal spaces after patient has bit on a sterile cotton roll for 3-5 minutes
133. What must be done after a rubber dam is removed? - ANSWER-Examine the dam
material by spreading the dental dam material out flat and examining to make certain
that all the interseptal material is present; if not, floss the teeth; massage gingiva around
the anchor tooth to increase circulation of the area; rinse and evacuate mouth.
