TEST BANK FOR NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY CARE 5TH EDITION BY WALSH

TEST BANK v




NEONATAL & PEDIATRICRE
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SPIRATORY CARE v




5th Edition, Walsh
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TEST BANK v

,NeonatalvandvPediatricvRespiratoryvCare,v5thvEdition,vBrianvK.vWalshvTestvBank

TablevofvContents
Chapterv1.vFetalvLungvDevelopment
Chapterv2.vFetalvGasvExchangevandvCirculation
Chapterv3.vAntenatalvAssessmentvandvHigh-RiskvDelivery
Chapterv4.vExaminationvandvAssessmentvofvthevNeonatalvandvPediatricvPatient
Chapterv5.vPulmonaryvFunctionvTestingvandvBedsidevPulmonaryvMechanics
Chapterv6.vRadiographicvAssessment
Chapterv7.vPediatricvFlexiblevBronchoscopy
Chapterv8.vInvasivevBloodvGasvAnalysisvandvCardiovascularvMonitoring
Chapterv9.vNoninvasivevMonitoringvinvNeonatalvandvPediatricvCare
Chapterv10.vOxygenvAdministration
Chapterv11.vAerosolsvandvAdministrationvofvInhaledvMedications
Chapterv12.vAirwayvClearancevTechniquesvandvHyperinflationvTherapy
Chapterv13.vAirwayvManagement
Chapterv14.vSurfactantvReplacementvTherapy
Chapterv15.vNoninvasivevMechanicalvVentilationvandvContinuousvPositivevPressurevofvthevNeonate
Chapterv16.vNoninvasivevMechanicalvVentilationvofvthevInfantvandvChild
Chapterv17.vInvasivevMechanicalvVentilationvofvthevNeonatevandvPediatricvPatient
Chapterv18.vAdministrationvofvGasvMixtures
Chapterv19.vExtracorporealvMembranevOxygenation
Chapterv20.vPharmacology
Chapterv21.vThoracicvOrganvTransplantation
Chapterv22.vNeonatalvPulmonaryvDisorders
Chapterv23.vSurgicalvDisordersvinvChildhoodvthatvAffectvRespiratoryvCare
Chapterv24.vCongenitalvCardiacvDefects
Chapterv25.vPediatricvSleep-DisorderedvBreathing
Chapterv26.vPediatricvAirwayvDisordersvandvParenchymalvLungvDiseases
Chapterv27.vAsthma
Chapterv28.vCysticvFibrosis
Chapterv29.vAcutevRespiratoryvDistressvSyndrome
Chapterv30.vShock
Chapterv31.vPediatricvTrauma
Chapterv32.vDisordersvofvthevPleura
Chapterv33.vNeurologicalvandvNeuromuscularvDisorders
Chapterv34.vPediatricvEmergencies
Chapterv35.vHomevCarevofvthevPostpartumvFamily
Chapterv36.vQualityvandvSafety

,Chapterv1:vFetalvLungvDevelopment
Walsh:vNeonatalv&vPediatricvRespiratoryvCarev5thvEditionvTestvBankv(2020)

MULTIPLEvCHOICE

1. Whichvofvthevfollowingvphasesvofvhumanvlungvdevelopmentvisvcharacterizedvbyvthevformationvo
fvavcapillaryvnetworkvaroundvairwayvpassages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular

ANS:v D
Thevcanalicularvphasevfollowsvthevpseudoglandularvphase,vlastingvfromvapproximatelyv17vweek
svtov26vweeksvofvgestation.vThisvphasevisvsovnamedvbecausevofvthevappearancevofvvascularvchanne
ls,vorvcapillaries,vwhichvbeginvtovgrowvbyvformingvavcapillaryvnetworkvaroundvthevairvpassages.v
Duringvthevpseudoglandularvstage,vwhichvbeginsvatvdayv52vandvextendsvtovweekv16vofvgestation,
vthevairwayvsystemvsubdividesvextensivelyvandvthevconductingvairwayvsystemvdevelops,vendingv


withvthevterminalvbronchioles.vThevsaccularvstagevofvdevelopment,vwhichvtakesvplacevfromvwee
ksv29vtov36vofvgestation,visvcharacterizedvbyvthevdevelopmentvofvsacsvthatvlatervbecomevalveoli.v
Duringvthevsaccularvphase,vavtremendousvincreasevinvthevpotentialvgas-
vexchangingvsurfacevareavoccurs.vThevdistinctionvbetween vthevsaccularvstagevandvthevalveolarvst


agevisvarbitrary.vThevalveolarvstagevstretchesvfromv39vweeksvofvgestationvtovterm.vThisvstagevisvr
epresentedvbyvthevestablishmentvofvalveoli.

REF:vpp.v 3-5

2. Regardingvpostnatalvlungvgrowth,vbyvapproximatelyvwhatvagevdovmostvofvthevalveolivthatvwillvb
evpresentvinvthevlungsvforvlifevdevelop?
a. 6vmonths
b. 1vyear
c. 1.5vyears
d. 2vyears

ANS:v C
Mostvofvthevpostnatalvformationvofvalveolivinvthevinfantvoccursvovervthevfirstv1.5vyearsvofvlife.vA
tv2vyearsvofvage,vthevnumbervofvalveolivvariesvsubstantiallyvamongvindividuals.vAfterv2v yearsvofv
age,vmalesvhavevmorevalveolivthanvdovfemales.vAftervalveolarvmultiplicationvends,vthevalveoliv
continuevtovincreasevinvsizevuntilvthoracicvgrowthvisvcompleted.

REF:vp.v6

3. Thevrespiratoryvtherapistvisvevaluatingvavnewbornvwithvmildvrespiratoryvdistressvduevtovtrachealvs
tenosis.vDuringvwhichvperiodvofvlungvdevelopmentvdidvthisvproblemvdevelop?

, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS:v A
Thevinitialvstructuresvofvthevpulmonaryvtreevdevelopvduringvthevembryonalvstage.vErrorsvinvdev
elopmentvduringvthisvtimevmayvresultvinvlaryngeal,vtracheal,vorvesophagealvatresiavorvstenosis.v
Pulmonaryvhypoplasia,vanvincompletevdevelopmentvofvthevlungsvcharacterizedvbyvanvabnormall
yvlowvnumbervand/orvsizevofvbronchopulmonaryvsegmentsvand/orvalveoli,vcanvdevelopvduringv
thevpseudoglandularvphase.vIfvthevfetusvisvbornvduringvthevcanalicularvphasev(i.e.,vprematurely)
,vseverevrespiratoryvdistressvcanvbevexpectedvbecausevthevinadequatelyvdevelopedvairways,valo
ngvwithvinsufficientvandvimmaturevsurfactantvproductionvbyvalveolarvtypevIIvcells,vgivesvrisevto
vthevconstellation vofvproblemsvknownvasvinfantvrespiratoryvdistressvsyndrome.




REF:vvvp.v6

4. Whichvofvthevfollowingvmechanismsvisv(are)vresponsiblevforvthevpossiblevassociationvbetweenvo
ligohydramniosvandvlungvhypoplasia?

I. Abnormalvcarbohydratevmetabolism
II. Mechanicalvrestrictionvofvthevchestvwall
III. Interferencevwithvfetalvbreathing
IV. Failurevtovproducevfetalvlungvliquid
a. Ivandv IIIvonly
b. IIvandv IIIvonly
c. I,vII,vandv IVvonly
d. II,v III,vandvIVvonly

ANS:v D
Oligohydramnios,vavreducedvquantityvofvamnioticvfluidvpresentvforvanvextendedvperiodvofvtime,v
withvorvwithoutvrenalvanomalies,visvassociatedvwithvlungvhypoplasia.vThevmechanismsvbyvwhich
vamnioticvfluidvvolumevinfluencesvlungvgrowthvremainvunclear.vPossiblevexplanationsvforvreduce


dvquantityvofvamnioticvfluidvincludevmechanicalvrestrictionvofvthevchestvwall,vinterferencevwithvf
etalvbreathing,vorvfailurevtovproducevfetalvlungvliquid.vThesevclinicalvandvexperimentalvobservati
onsvpossiblyvpointvtovavcommonvdenominator,vlungvstretch,vasvbeingvavmajorvgrowthvstimulant.

REF:vpp.v6-7

5. WhatvisvthevpurposevofvthevsubstancevsecretedvbyvthevtypevIIvpneumocyte?
a. Tovincreasevthevgasvexchangevsurfacevarea
b. Tovreducevsurfacevtension
c. Tovmaintainvlungvelasticity
d. Tovpreservevthevvolumevofvthevamnioticvfluid