Biochemistry Final Exam
The theory of evolution includes which of the following principles?
A) Evolution is not directed toward a specific goal.
B) Evolution is ongoing, and is constrained by its past.
C) Evolution requires some sloppiness for adaptation to changes.
D) A and B.
E) A, B, and C. correct answerE) A, B, and C.
Which three cellular components are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A) ribosomes, chloroplasts, mitochondria.
B) nucleus, ribosomes, RNA.
C) RNA, DNA, ribosomes.
D) endoplasmic reticulum, DNA, RNA.
E) mitochondria, DNA, RNA. correct answerC) RNA, DNA, ribosomes.
Which cellular compartment or organelle is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids?
A) endoplasmic reticulum.
B) lysosomes.
C) peroxisomes.
D) vacuoles.
E) all of the above. correct answerA) endoplasmic reticulum.
Lyn Margi's Theory of Endosymbiosis is an explanation for the origin of...
A) the endoplasmic reticulum.
B) the nucleus.
C) the mitochondria.
,D) peroxisomes.
E) the Golgi apparatus. correct answerC) the mitochondria.
The second law of thermodynamics states:
A) that spontaneous processes are characterized by the overall conversion of order to disorder.
B) that spontaneous processes are characterized by the conversion of work to force.
C) that non-spontatneous processes are characterized by the conversion of order to disorder.
D) that spontaneous processes are characterized by the conversion of heat to pressure.
E) none of the above. correct answerA) that spontaneous processes are characterized by the overall
conversion of order to disorder.
Consider the reaction A+B <--> C+D> After reaching equilibrium at 25°C, the following concentrations of
reactants and products were measured: [A] = 10 μM, [B] = 15 μM, [C] = 10 μM, and [D] = 10 μM.
Calculate ΔG°' for this reaction.
A) 1000 J/mol.
B) 10 kJ/mol.
C) 1 J/mol.
D) insufficient data to determine answer.
E) none of the above. correct answerA) 1000 J/mol.
A reaction with a ________ ΔH and a ________ΔS, will never be spontaneous.
A) positive, positive.
B) positive, negative.
C) negative, positive.
D) negative, negative.
E) none of the above. correct answerB) positive, negative.
For a reaction with ΔH = 23 kJ/mol and ΔS = 22 J/K・mol, at 2°C, the reaction is:
A) spontaneous.
B) non-spontaneous.
,C) at equilibrium.
D) impossible to determine reactivity.
E) none of the above. correct answerB) non-spontaneous.
Rank the following interactions in order of increasing strength (start with the weakest interaction).
A) ionic interactions, hydrogen bonds, London dispersion forces, covalent bonds.
B) London dispersion forces, hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, covalent bonds.
C) London dispersion forces, ionic interactions, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds.
D) covalent bonds, London dispersion forces, ionic interactions, hydrogen bonds.
E) hydrogen bonds, London dispersion forces, ionic interactions, covalent bonds. correct answerB)
London dispersion forces, hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, covalent bonds.
In a hydrogen bond between a water molecule and another biomolecule...
A) a hydrogen ion on the water molecule forms an ionic bond with a hydride ion on the other molecule.
B) the partial charge on a hydrogen of the water molecule interacts with the partial charge on a
hydrogen of the other molecule.
C) the hydrogen bond will typically form between a hydrogen atom of the water molecule and either a
nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atom of the other molecule.
D) a hydrogen on the water molecule forms a covalent bond with a hydrogen atom on the other
molecule.
E) the hydrogen atom is located between an oxygen atom of the water and a carbon atom of the other
molecule. correct answerC) the hydrogen bond will typically form between a hydrogen atom of the
water molecule and either a nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atom of the other molecule.
_______ is exceptionally soluble in water due to the formation of hydrogen bonds.
A) NaCl.
B) Benzene.
C) Sodium palmitate.
D) Ethanol.
E) Oxygen. correct answerD) Ethanol.
, Hydrophobic interaction between non polar molecules...
A) result form the tendency of water to maximize contact with non polar molecules.
B) are the result of strong attractions between non polar molecules.
C) are the result of strong repulsion between water and non polar molecules.
D) depend on strong permanent dipoles in the non polar molecules.
E) require the presence of surrounding water molecules. correct answerE) require the presence of
surrounding water molecules.
Amphiphilic molecules...
A) have both oxidizing and reducing groups.
B) are micelles.
C) have chromophores in two different wavelength regions.
D) have both acidic and basic groups.
E) have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups. correct answerE) have both hydrophilic and
hydrophobic groups.
Which of the following is the best explanation for the hydrophobic effect?
A) It is caused by an affinity for hydrophobic groups for each other.
B) It is caused by the affinity of water for hydrophobic groups.
C) It is an entropic effect, caused by the desire of water molecules to increase their entropy by forming
highly ordered structures around the hydrophobic groups.
D) It is an entropic effect, caused by the desire of water molecules to increase their entropy by excluding
hydrophobic groups, which they must otherwise surround with highly ordered structures.
E) It is an entropic effect caused by the desire of hydrophobic groups to increase their entropy by
associating with other hydrophobic groups. correct answerD) It is an entropic effect, caused by the
desire of water molecules to increase their entropy by excluding hydrophobic groups, which they must
otherwise surround with highly ordered structures.
Physical properties that depend on the amounts of various species, rather than the identities of those
species, are called...
A) osmotic properties.
B) hydrophobic properties.
The theory of evolution includes which of the following principles?
A) Evolution is not directed toward a specific goal.
B) Evolution is ongoing, and is constrained by its past.
C) Evolution requires some sloppiness for adaptation to changes.
D) A and B.
E) A, B, and C. correct answerE) A, B, and C.
Which three cellular components are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A) ribosomes, chloroplasts, mitochondria.
B) nucleus, ribosomes, RNA.
C) RNA, DNA, ribosomes.
D) endoplasmic reticulum, DNA, RNA.
E) mitochondria, DNA, RNA. correct answerC) RNA, DNA, ribosomes.
Which cellular compartment or organelle is involved in the synthesis of proteins and lipids?
A) endoplasmic reticulum.
B) lysosomes.
C) peroxisomes.
D) vacuoles.
E) all of the above. correct answerA) endoplasmic reticulum.
Lyn Margi's Theory of Endosymbiosis is an explanation for the origin of...
A) the endoplasmic reticulum.
B) the nucleus.
C) the mitochondria.
,D) peroxisomes.
E) the Golgi apparatus. correct answerC) the mitochondria.
The second law of thermodynamics states:
A) that spontaneous processes are characterized by the overall conversion of order to disorder.
B) that spontaneous processes are characterized by the conversion of work to force.
C) that non-spontatneous processes are characterized by the conversion of order to disorder.
D) that spontaneous processes are characterized by the conversion of heat to pressure.
E) none of the above. correct answerA) that spontaneous processes are characterized by the overall
conversion of order to disorder.
Consider the reaction A+B <--> C+D> After reaching equilibrium at 25°C, the following concentrations of
reactants and products were measured: [A] = 10 μM, [B] = 15 μM, [C] = 10 μM, and [D] = 10 μM.
Calculate ΔG°' for this reaction.
A) 1000 J/mol.
B) 10 kJ/mol.
C) 1 J/mol.
D) insufficient data to determine answer.
E) none of the above. correct answerA) 1000 J/mol.
A reaction with a ________ ΔH and a ________ΔS, will never be spontaneous.
A) positive, positive.
B) positive, negative.
C) negative, positive.
D) negative, negative.
E) none of the above. correct answerB) positive, negative.
For a reaction with ΔH = 23 kJ/mol and ΔS = 22 J/K・mol, at 2°C, the reaction is:
A) spontaneous.
B) non-spontaneous.
,C) at equilibrium.
D) impossible to determine reactivity.
E) none of the above. correct answerB) non-spontaneous.
Rank the following interactions in order of increasing strength (start with the weakest interaction).
A) ionic interactions, hydrogen bonds, London dispersion forces, covalent bonds.
B) London dispersion forces, hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, covalent bonds.
C) London dispersion forces, ionic interactions, hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds.
D) covalent bonds, London dispersion forces, ionic interactions, hydrogen bonds.
E) hydrogen bonds, London dispersion forces, ionic interactions, covalent bonds. correct answerB)
London dispersion forces, hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, covalent bonds.
In a hydrogen bond between a water molecule and another biomolecule...
A) a hydrogen ion on the water molecule forms an ionic bond with a hydride ion on the other molecule.
B) the partial charge on a hydrogen of the water molecule interacts with the partial charge on a
hydrogen of the other molecule.
C) the hydrogen bond will typically form between a hydrogen atom of the water molecule and either a
nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atom of the other molecule.
D) a hydrogen on the water molecule forms a covalent bond with a hydrogen atom on the other
molecule.
E) the hydrogen atom is located between an oxygen atom of the water and a carbon atom of the other
molecule. correct answerC) the hydrogen bond will typically form between a hydrogen atom of the
water molecule and either a nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atom of the other molecule.
_______ is exceptionally soluble in water due to the formation of hydrogen bonds.
A) NaCl.
B) Benzene.
C) Sodium palmitate.
D) Ethanol.
E) Oxygen. correct answerD) Ethanol.
, Hydrophobic interaction between non polar molecules...
A) result form the tendency of water to maximize contact with non polar molecules.
B) are the result of strong attractions between non polar molecules.
C) are the result of strong repulsion between water and non polar molecules.
D) depend on strong permanent dipoles in the non polar molecules.
E) require the presence of surrounding water molecules. correct answerE) require the presence of
surrounding water molecules.
Amphiphilic molecules...
A) have both oxidizing and reducing groups.
B) are micelles.
C) have chromophores in two different wavelength regions.
D) have both acidic and basic groups.
E) have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups. correct answerE) have both hydrophilic and
hydrophobic groups.
Which of the following is the best explanation for the hydrophobic effect?
A) It is caused by an affinity for hydrophobic groups for each other.
B) It is caused by the affinity of water for hydrophobic groups.
C) It is an entropic effect, caused by the desire of water molecules to increase their entropy by forming
highly ordered structures around the hydrophobic groups.
D) It is an entropic effect, caused by the desire of water molecules to increase their entropy by excluding
hydrophobic groups, which they must otherwise surround with highly ordered structures.
E) It is an entropic effect caused by the desire of hydrophobic groups to increase their entropy by
associating with other hydrophobic groups. correct answerD) It is an entropic effect, caused by the
desire of water molecules to increase their entropy by excluding hydrophobic groups, which they must
otherwise surround with highly ordered structures.
Physical properties that depend on the amounts of various species, rather than the identities of those
species, are called...
A) osmotic properties.
B) hydrophobic properties.
