, Final Exam Study Guide
NUR 2790: Professional Nursing III
MODULE 1: CELLULAR REGULATION
CANCER
1. Primary Vs. Secondary Prevention
a. Primary Ca Prevention: Removal Of “At Risk” Tissue, Chemoprevention, Vaccination
(Hpv) Secondary Ca Prevention: Regular Screening
2. Risk Factors/Warning Signs (Caution Mneumonic) C:
Change In Bowel/Bladder Function
a. A: A Sore Throat That Does
Not Heal U: Unusual Bleeding
b. T: Thickening Lumps
c. I: Indigestion/Difficulty
Swallowing O: Obvious Change
In Mole
d. N: Nagging Cough/Hoarseness
3. Treatment Types, Side Effects/Complications (& Treatment/Nursing Care Of Side
Effects/Complications)
a. Surgery: Can Be Prophylactic, Diagnostic, Curative, Palliative
i. Se/Complications: Removed Organs And Tissues Lose Function, Removal Of
Organs Does Not Necessarily Rid Cancer
b. Radiation: Destroy Cancer Cells With Minimal Damaging Effects Of Surrounding
Normal Cells
i. Se/Complications: Radiation Dermatitis, Altered Taste/Fatigue,
Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease, Fibrosis, Scarring, Bone Marrow
Suppression
ii. Nursing Care: Provide Accurate Info, Skin Care (Wash Gently With Soap And
Water, Avoid Scrubbing), Do Not Remove Temporary Ink Markings, Provide
Nutritional Support, Care Of Xerostomia (Administer Saliva Substitutes,
Lozenges, Mouth Rinses), Reduce Risk For Bone Fracture, Encourage Exercise
And Sleep Interventions To Treat Fatigue
iii. Chemotherapy: Treatment Of Cancer Using Antineoplastic Drugs (Cytotoxic
Systemic Therapy)
iv. Se/Complications: Dosage And Scheduling (Dose-Limiting Side Effects May
Impact), Extravasation And Vesicants, Bone Marrow Suppression
(Neutropenia, Anemia, Thrombocytopenia), Mucositis (Inflammation Of Oral
Mucosa) Alopecia (Hair Loss), Chemo Brain, Chemo-Induced Peripheral
Neuropathy, Fatigue
v. Nursing Care: Epo-Alfa/Epogen, Blood Products, No Flossing, Soft
Toothbrush, No Razors, No Nsaids, Treat Nausea (Peppermint Oil, Zofran,
Fluids, Room Temperature Food, Alcohol Swabs)
vi. Immunotherapy: Enhances And Alters Pt’s Biological Response To Cancer
Cells Via Direct Antitumor Activity
vii. Se/Complications: Fluid Shifts/Inflammation, Decreased Loc And Other
Neuro Changes, Fever, Chills, Malaise
c. Photodynamic Therapy: Selective Destruction Of Cancer Cells Via Chemical
Reaction Triggered By Last Light Which Destroys Or Shrinks Tumors
d. Hormonal Manipulation: Changing Usual Hormone Responses To Slow Tumor Growth
To Certain Cancer Types
, i. Se/Complications: Masculinizing Affects In Women, Feminizing Effects In Women
(Gynecomastia), Fluid Retention, Acne, Hypercalcemia, Liver Dysfunction, Vte
ii. Bone Marrow Transplants: Transplant Of Bone Marrow From A Matched
Individual (Self Or Other)
iii. Se/Complications: Nausea, Vomiting, Graft Vs. Host Disease, Infection, Organ
Damage
, 4. Complementary & Alternative Medicine (Cam)
5. Types Of Cam (Mind-Body Therapy, Tai Chi, Chiropractic Care, Herbal Meds, Etc.), Goals
Of Use, And Interactions
a. Mind-Body Therapies: Biofeedback, Guided Imagery, Intercessory Prayer, Meditation,
Relaxation Exercise
b. Biologically-Based Therapies: Herbal Therapies (Chamomile, Garlic, Gingko, Ginseng,
Peppermint, St.John’s Wart, Vaerin)
c. Manipulative And Body-Based Therapies: Acupuncture, Acupressure, Chiropractic,
Massage, Rolfing, Shiatsu, Tai Chi, Yoga
d. Energy Therapies: Reiki, Therapeutic Touch
e. Alternative Medical Systems: Homeopathy (Tx Of Disease With Minute Drug Doses
To Activate And Illness That Then Stimulates The Body’s Normal Defense System To
Eliminate Disease; Remedies Without Chemically Active Ingredients), Naturopathy
(The Practice Of Assisting In The Health Of Patients Through The Application Of
Natural Remedies), Osteopathy (Embracing The Full Spectrum Of Medicine,
Including The Use Of Medications And Surgery, In Addition To Manipulative
Techniques)
6. MODULE 2: END-OF-LIFE CARE
7. Chapter 10: Principles Of Emergency And Disaster Preparedness
8. Palliative Vs. Hospice Care (Goals Of Each, Differientation)
a. Palliative Care: Can Be Any Stage Of Serious Or Chronic Illness, Care May Be Provided
Concurrently With Curative Therapies, Care Not Limited By Time Periods, Care
Provided By Pcp With Potential Follow-Up Vistis
b. Hospice Care: Prognosis Of Less Than 6 Months To Live, Initiated When Curative Tx
Stops, 60-90 Day Periods Of Care, Care Provided By Rns, Social Workers, Chaplains,
And Volunteers
9. Ethical/Legal Considerations R/T Dying (Ad’s, Living Will, Euthanasia, Etc.)
10. Durable Power Of Attorney For Health Care (Dpoahc): Makes Decisions About Pt’s
Healthcare When Md Determines Pt Does Not Have Capacity To Make Decisions
(Pt Does Not Receive Info, Pt Does Not Evaluate, Deliberate And Mentally
Manipulate Info, Pt Does Not Communicate A Tx Preference)
a. Living Will: Discusses Cpr Or Code Status (Must Be Initiated Unless And Dnr Order
Exists, May Be Violent And Painful), Intubation/Artificial Ventilation, Artificial
Nutrition/Hydration
b. “Five Wishes”: Identification Of Decision Maker (Dpoahc), Identification
Of Treatments The Pt Does/Does Not Want, Comfort Level Expectations,
How They Want To Be Treated, What The Pt Wants Loved Ones To Know
c. Active Euthanasia: Use Of Medications Or Tx That Purposefully Causes Pt’s Death
(Physician Assisted Suicide)
d. Passive Euthanasia: Discontinuation Of One Or More Therapies That May Prolong
Life Voluntary Stopping Of Eating And Drinking (Vsed): Refusal To Eat Or Drink In
Order To Hasten Death By Competent Pt With Terminal Illness
11. S/Sx Of End-Of-Life
a. Lack Of Heartbeat, Absence Of Spontaneous Respirations, Irreversible Brain
Dysfunction
b. Weakness, Anorexia, Changes In Cardio Function (Cool, Mottled Cyanotic
Extremities, Decreased Bp, Heart Rate Will Increase-Irregular-Brady-Asystole),
Dyspnea (Cheyne- Stokes), Changes In Gu (Incontinence, Decreased Uo), Changes
In Loc (Sleeping, Restless, Anxiety, Lethargy)
12. MODULE 3: TISSUE INTEGRITY
13. Chapter 10: Principles Of Emergency And Disaster Preparedness
NUR 2790: Professional Nursing III
MODULE 1: CELLULAR REGULATION
CANCER
1. Primary Vs. Secondary Prevention
a. Primary Ca Prevention: Removal Of “At Risk” Tissue, Chemoprevention, Vaccination
(Hpv) Secondary Ca Prevention: Regular Screening
2. Risk Factors/Warning Signs (Caution Mneumonic) C:
Change In Bowel/Bladder Function
a. A: A Sore Throat That Does
Not Heal U: Unusual Bleeding
b. T: Thickening Lumps
c. I: Indigestion/Difficulty
Swallowing O: Obvious Change
In Mole
d. N: Nagging Cough/Hoarseness
3. Treatment Types, Side Effects/Complications (& Treatment/Nursing Care Of Side
Effects/Complications)
a. Surgery: Can Be Prophylactic, Diagnostic, Curative, Palliative
i. Se/Complications: Removed Organs And Tissues Lose Function, Removal Of
Organs Does Not Necessarily Rid Cancer
b. Radiation: Destroy Cancer Cells With Minimal Damaging Effects Of Surrounding
Normal Cells
i. Se/Complications: Radiation Dermatitis, Altered Taste/Fatigue,
Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease, Fibrosis, Scarring, Bone Marrow
Suppression
ii. Nursing Care: Provide Accurate Info, Skin Care (Wash Gently With Soap And
Water, Avoid Scrubbing), Do Not Remove Temporary Ink Markings, Provide
Nutritional Support, Care Of Xerostomia (Administer Saliva Substitutes,
Lozenges, Mouth Rinses), Reduce Risk For Bone Fracture, Encourage Exercise
And Sleep Interventions To Treat Fatigue
iii. Chemotherapy: Treatment Of Cancer Using Antineoplastic Drugs (Cytotoxic
Systemic Therapy)
iv. Se/Complications: Dosage And Scheduling (Dose-Limiting Side Effects May
Impact), Extravasation And Vesicants, Bone Marrow Suppression
(Neutropenia, Anemia, Thrombocytopenia), Mucositis (Inflammation Of Oral
Mucosa) Alopecia (Hair Loss), Chemo Brain, Chemo-Induced Peripheral
Neuropathy, Fatigue
v. Nursing Care: Epo-Alfa/Epogen, Blood Products, No Flossing, Soft
Toothbrush, No Razors, No Nsaids, Treat Nausea (Peppermint Oil, Zofran,
Fluids, Room Temperature Food, Alcohol Swabs)
vi. Immunotherapy: Enhances And Alters Pt’s Biological Response To Cancer
Cells Via Direct Antitumor Activity
vii. Se/Complications: Fluid Shifts/Inflammation, Decreased Loc And Other
Neuro Changes, Fever, Chills, Malaise
c. Photodynamic Therapy: Selective Destruction Of Cancer Cells Via Chemical
Reaction Triggered By Last Light Which Destroys Or Shrinks Tumors
d. Hormonal Manipulation: Changing Usual Hormone Responses To Slow Tumor Growth
To Certain Cancer Types
, i. Se/Complications: Masculinizing Affects In Women, Feminizing Effects In Women
(Gynecomastia), Fluid Retention, Acne, Hypercalcemia, Liver Dysfunction, Vte
ii. Bone Marrow Transplants: Transplant Of Bone Marrow From A Matched
Individual (Self Or Other)
iii. Se/Complications: Nausea, Vomiting, Graft Vs. Host Disease, Infection, Organ
Damage
, 4. Complementary & Alternative Medicine (Cam)
5. Types Of Cam (Mind-Body Therapy, Tai Chi, Chiropractic Care, Herbal Meds, Etc.), Goals
Of Use, And Interactions
a. Mind-Body Therapies: Biofeedback, Guided Imagery, Intercessory Prayer, Meditation,
Relaxation Exercise
b. Biologically-Based Therapies: Herbal Therapies (Chamomile, Garlic, Gingko, Ginseng,
Peppermint, St.John’s Wart, Vaerin)
c. Manipulative And Body-Based Therapies: Acupuncture, Acupressure, Chiropractic,
Massage, Rolfing, Shiatsu, Tai Chi, Yoga
d. Energy Therapies: Reiki, Therapeutic Touch
e. Alternative Medical Systems: Homeopathy (Tx Of Disease With Minute Drug Doses
To Activate And Illness That Then Stimulates The Body’s Normal Defense System To
Eliminate Disease; Remedies Without Chemically Active Ingredients), Naturopathy
(The Practice Of Assisting In The Health Of Patients Through The Application Of
Natural Remedies), Osteopathy (Embracing The Full Spectrum Of Medicine,
Including The Use Of Medications And Surgery, In Addition To Manipulative
Techniques)
6. MODULE 2: END-OF-LIFE CARE
7. Chapter 10: Principles Of Emergency And Disaster Preparedness
8. Palliative Vs. Hospice Care (Goals Of Each, Differientation)
a. Palliative Care: Can Be Any Stage Of Serious Or Chronic Illness, Care May Be Provided
Concurrently With Curative Therapies, Care Not Limited By Time Periods, Care
Provided By Pcp With Potential Follow-Up Vistis
b. Hospice Care: Prognosis Of Less Than 6 Months To Live, Initiated When Curative Tx
Stops, 60-90 Day Periods Of Care, Care Provided By Rns, Social Workers, Chaplains,
And Volunteers
9. Ethical/Legal Considerations R/T Dying (Ad’s, Living Will, Euthanasia, Etc.)
10. Durable Power Of Attorney For Health Care (Dpoahc): Makes Decisions About Pt’s
Healthcare When Md Determines Pt Does Not Have Capacity To Make Decisions
(Pt Does Not Receive Info, Pt Does Not Evaluate, Deliberate And Mentally
Manipulate Info, Pt Does Not Communicate A Tx Preference)
a. Living Will: Discusses Cpr Or Code Status (Must Be Initiated Unless And Dnr Order
Exists, May Be Violent And Painful), Intubation/Artificial Ventilation, Artificial
Nutrition/Hydration
b. “Five Wishes”: Identification Of Decision Maker (Dpoahc), Identification
Of Treatments The Pt Does/Does Not Want, Comfort Level Expectations,
How They Want To Be Treated, What The Pt Wants Loved Ones To Know
c. Active Euthanasia: Use Of Medications Or Tx That Purposefully Causes Pt’s Death
(Physician Assisted Suicide)
d. Passive Euthanasia: Discontinuation Of One Or More Therapies That May Prolong
Life Voluntary Stopping Of Eating And Drinking (Vsed): Refusal To Eat Or Drink In
Order To Hasten Death By Competent Pt With Terminal Illness
11. S/Sx Of End-Of-Life
a. Lack Of Heartbeat, Absence Of Spontaneous Respirations, Irreversible Brain
Dysfunction
b. Weakness, Anorexia, Changes In Cardio Function (Cool, Mottled Cyanotic
Extremities, Decreased Bp, Heart Rate Will Increase-Irregular-Brady-Asystole),
Dyspnea (Cheyne- Stokes), Changes In Gu (Incontinence, Decreased Uo), Changes
In Loc (Sleeping, Restless, Anxiety, Lethargy)
12. MODULE 3: TISSUE INTEGRITY
13. Chapter 10: Principles Of Emergency And Disaster Preparedness
