Cancer & Oncology Nursing NCLEX Practice EXAM
Questions and Answers (2024/2025) (Verified All
Answers)
A male client is diagnosed as having a bowel tumor and several diagnostic tests are prescribed. The nurse
understands which test will confirm the diagnosis of malignancy?
a) Magnetic resonance imaging
b) Computerized tomography scan
c) Abdominal ultrasound
d) Biopsy of the tumor
d) Biopsy of the tumor
- Correct Answer: D. Biopsy of the tumor
Option D: A biopsy is done to determine whether a tumor is malignant or benign through the examination of the
sample of tissue taken into a body part.
Options A, B, and C: Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan, and ultrasound will visualize the
presence of a mass but will not confirm a diagnosis of malignancy.
Vanessa, a community health nurse conducts a health promotion program regarding testicular cancer to
community members. The nurse determines that further information needs to be provided if a community
member states that which of the following is a sign of testicular cancer?
a) back pain
b) alopecia
c) Heavy sensation in the scrotum
d) Painless testicular swelling
b) Alopecia
- Correct Answer: B. Alopecia
Option B: Alopecia is not an assessment finding in testicular cancer. Alopecia may occur, however, as a result of
radiation or chemotherapy.
Options A, C, and D: Back pain, heavy sensation in the scrotum, and painless testicular swelling are assessment
findings in testicular cancer. Back pain may indicate metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes.
,.
The male client is receiving external radiation to the neck for cancer of the larynx. The most likely side effect to
be expected is:
a) Diarrhea
b) dyspnea
c) Constipation
d) Sore throat
d) Sore Throat
- Correct Answer: D. Sore throat
Option D: In general, only the area in the treatment field is affected by the radiation. Skin reactions, fatigue,
nausea, and anorexia may occur with radiation to any site, whereas other side effects occur only when specific
areas are involved in treatment. A client receiving radiation to the larynx is most likely to experience a sore
throat.
Options A and C: May occur with radiation to the gastrointestinal tract.
Option B: Dyspnea may occur with lung involvement.
Nurse Joy is caring for a client with an internal radiation implant. When caring for the client, the nurse should
observe which of the following principles?
a) Remove the dosimeter badge when entering the client's room
b) Individual's younger than 16 yr may be allowed to go in the room as long as they are 6 feet away from the
client
c) Limit the time with the client to 1 hour per shift
d) Do not allow pregnant women into the client's room
d) Do not allow pregnant women into the client's room
- Correct Answer: D. Do not allow pregnant women into the client's room
Options B and D: Children younger than 16 years of age and pregnant women are not allowed in the client's
room to avoid radiation exposure that may harm the children and the developing baby.
Option A: The dosimeter badge must be worn when in the client's room.
Option C: The time that the nurse spends in a room of a client with an internal radiation implant is 30 minutes
per 8-hour shift.
, A cervical radiation implant is placed in the client for treatment of cervical cancer. The nurse initiates what most
appropriate activity order for this client
a) Out of bed ad lib
b) Ambulation to the bathroom only
c) Bed rest
d) Out of bed in a chair only
c) Bed Rest
- Correct Answer: C. Bed rest
Option C: The client with a cervical radiation implant should be maintained on bed rest in the dorsal position to
prevent movement of the radiation source. The head of the bed is elevated to a maximum of 10 to 15 degrees
for comfort. The nurse avoids turning the client on the side. If turning is absolutely necessary, a pillow is placed
between the knees and, with the body in straight alignment, the client is logrolled.
.
The nurse is caring for a female client experiencing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy and develops a plan
of care for the client. The nurse plans to:
a) Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
b) Insert an indwelling urinary catheter to prevent skin breakdown
c) Restrict fluid intake
d) Restrict all visitors
a) Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
- Correct Answer: A. Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
Option A: In the neutropenic client, meticulous hand hygiene education is implemented for the client, family,
visitors, and staff to avoid transmission-based infection.
Option B: Invasive measures such as an indwelling urinary catheter should be avoided to prevent infections.
Option C: Fluids should be encouraged.
Option D: Not all visitors are restricted, but the client is protected from persons with known infections.
One of the most serious blood coagulation complications for individuals with cancer and for those undergoing
cancer treatments is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The most common cause of this bleeding
disorder is:
Questions and Answers (2024/2025) (Verified All
Answers)
A male client is diagnosed as having a bowel tumor and several diagnostic tests are prescribed. The nurse
understands which test will confirm the diagnosis of malignancy?
a) Magnetic resonance imaging
b) Computerized tomography scan
c) Abdominal ultrasound
d) Biopsy of the tumor
d) Biopsy of the tumor
- Correct Answer: D. Biopsy of the tumor
Option D: A biopsy is done to determine whether a tumor is malignant or benign through the examination of the
sample of tissue taken into a body part.
Options A, B, and C: Magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scan, and ultrasound will visualize the
presence of a mass but will not confirm a diagnosis of malignancy.
Vanessa, a community health nurse conducts a health promotion program regarding testicular cancer to
community members. The nurse determines that further information needs to be provided if a community
member states that which of the following is a sign of testicular cancer?
a) back pain
b) alopecia
c) Heavy sensation in the scrotum
d) Painless testicular swelling
b) Alopecia
- Correct Answer: B. Alopecia
Option B: Alopecia is not an assessment finding in testicular cancer. Alopecia may occur, however, as a result of
radiation or chemotherapy.
Options A, C, and D: Back pain, heavy sensation in the scrotum, and painless testicular swelling are assessment
findings in testicular cancer. Back pain may indicate metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes.
,.
The male client is receiving external radiation to the neck for cancer of the larynx. The most likely side effect to
be expected is:
a) Diarrhea
b) dyspnea
c) Constipation
d) Sore throat
d) Sore Throat
- Correct Answer: D. Sore throat
Option D: In general, only the area in the treatment field is affected by the radiation. Skin reactions, fatigue,
nausea, and anorexia may occur with radiation to any site, whereas other side effects occur only when specific
areas are involved in treatment. A client receiving radiation to the larynx is most likely to experience a sore
throat.
Options A and C: May occur with radiation to the gastrointestinal tract.
Option B: Dyspnea may occur with lung involvement.
Nurse Joy is caring for a client with an internal radiation implant. When caring for the client, the nurse should
observe which of the following principles?
a) Remove the dosimeter badge when entering the client's room
b) Individual's younger than 16 yr may be allowed to go in the room as long as they are 6 feet away from the
client
c) Limit the time with the client to 1 hour per shift
d) Do not allow pregnant women into the client's room
d) Do not allow pregnant women into the client's room
- Correct Answer: D. Do not allow pregnant women into the client's room
Options B and D: Children younger than 16 years of age and pregnant women are not allowed in the client's
room to avoid radiation exposure that may harm the children and the developing baby.
Option A: The dosimeter badge must be worn when in the client's room.
Option C: The time that the nurse spends in a room of a client with an internal radiation implant is 30 minutes
per 8-hour shift.
, A cervical radiation implant is placed in the client for treatment of cervical cancer. The nurse initiates what most
appropriate activity order for this client
a) Out of bed ad lib
b) Ambulation to the bathroom only
c) Bed rest
d) Out of bed in a chair only
c) Bed Rest
- Correct Answer: C. Bed rest
Option C: The client with a cervical radiation implant should be maintained on bed rest in the dorsal position to
prevent movement of the radiation source. The head of the bed is elevated to a maximum of 10 to 15 degrees
for comfort. The nurse avoids turning the client on the side. If turning is absolutely necessary, a pillow is placed
between the knees and, with the body in straight alignment, the client is logrolled.
.
The nurse is caring for a female client experiencing neutropenia as a result of chemotherapy and develops a plan
of care for the client. The nurse plans to:
a) Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
b) Insert an indwelling urinary catheter to prevent skin breakdown
c) Restrict fluid intake
d) Restrict all visitors
a) Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
- Correct Answer: A. Teach the client and family about the need for hand hygiene
Option A: In the neutropenic client, meticulous hand hygiene education is implemented for the client, family,
visitors, and staff to avoid transmission-based infection.
Option B: Invasive measures such as an indwelling urinary catheter should be avoided to prevent infections.
Option C: Fluids should be encouraged.
Option D: Not all visitors are restricted, but the client is protected from persons with known infections.
One of the most serious blood coagulation complications for individuals with cancer and for those undergoing
cancer treatments is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The most common cause of this bleeding
disorder is:
