UNL BIOS 214 Exam 1 | Questions with Verified Answers

UNL BIOS 214 Exam 1 | Questions with Verified Answers Which joint shows the motion called rotation? Radioulnar Immune cells in the stratum spinosum which protect against invaders are the ___ Langerhans' cells (or dendritic cells) What is a gland called if it has a branched duct? Compound Gland Which of these cells is a mechanoreceptor? Merkel Cell Which type of movement has the most movement? Diarthrosis What type of tissue makes up the dermis of the skin? Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Which best describes the maxilla bone Inferior and posterior portion of nasal septum What is a gland called if the secretory portion is flask shaped? Alveolar The cup-shaped depression formed by all three portions of the coxal bone is the ___ Acetabulum Which best describes a typical cervical vertebra? Has a bifid spinous process What forms the epiphyseal growth plate? Hyaline cartilage Using the following directional terms, decide which structure OF THE PELVIS is being described: medial to the ischium; inferior to the ilium; lateral to the pubic symphysis; medial to the acetabulum. Pubis Which of the following is not true for paranasal sinuses? They are: Located in the zygomatic bones "Sutures" would be found connecting which bones? Frontal and occipital ___glands are sudoriferous glands that are found in the axillary and anogenital regions of adults, and which secrete a nutrient broth for bacteria. Apocrine Osteocytes are the mature bone cells that develop directly from ___. Osteoblasts What cell type makes up the inner lining of the urinary bladder? Transitional epithelium What is the half moon shaped white area on a nail called? Lunula The nasal concha create___, which increases the ability of the nose to trap dust, preventing it from reaching the lungs. Turbulence The joint between the parietal and frontal bones ___. is classified functionally as a synarthrosis The ethmoid bone does not contain: Inferior nasal conchae Which best describes the term spina bifida? Congenital defect in which the laminae fail to unite at the midline What forms the brush border? Microvilli Concerning diarthroses, one may speculate that as mobility increases, ___ decreases. Stability Which of these does not belong to the distal row of carpal bones? Pisiform What are the spicules on spongy bone called? Sharpey's fibers The least malignant and most common skin cancer is ___. Squamous cell carcinoma Appearance of the epiphyseal line means: Total replacement of epiphyseal plate by bone All chondrocytes of the epiphyseal plate are dead The end of the lengthwise growth of that bone Using the following directional terms decide which bone is being described: proximal to metacarpal I, distal to the scaphoid bone; lateral to the trapezoid bone. Trapezium Which of the following statements about joint classification is true? All symphyses are synarthrotic All synchondroses are synarthrotic All synovial joints are diarthrotic Which of the following is true for the sacrum? The sacral canal is the extension of the vertebral canal Contraction of the ___ causes goose bumps. Arrector pili muscle A major change in bone tissue that occurs with aging and that leads to increased brittleness is ___. Decreased protein synthesis What do you call the simple squamous epithelium that lines the blood vessels? Endothelium Which of the following is an articular feature of the tibia Lateral condyle Which feature goes with the coxal joint? zona orbicularis What pair of skull bones contribute to the only freely movable joint of the head? Temporal and mandible Which of these cells is found in the dermis? Fibroblast Which feature goes with the knee joint? medial and lateral menisci Membrane-filled spaces between cranial bones of an infant skull are called: Fontanels Epiphyseal plates of growing bones may be classified as: Cartilaginous joints Synarthrotic joints Synchondroses A new miracle skin cream recently hit the beauty counters which is suppose to stimulate collagen p roduction. Which cells is it supposedly stimulating? Fibroblast The articular cartilage: Shields the surfaces of the articulating bones at a synovial joint Helps absorb shock and reduces friction at a synovial joint The dermis consists of two layers: the ___, which is characterized by a dimpled interface with the epidermis, and the ___, which accounts for 80% of the skin's thickness Papillary, reticular The layer of the epidermis that contains dividing cells (which produce the more superficial layers) is the ___. Stratum basale (or stratum germinativum) Which portion of a vertebrae DOES NOT surround the spinal cord to keep it protected from injury? Transverse process Which of the following is a receptor for fine touch which is located in the dermis? Meissner's corpuscle What is the growing part of the nail? Matrix What type of epithelium is associated with goblet cells Simple columnar epithelium What cell type is involved in cell resorption? Osteoclast The greatest amount of keratin is found where: stratum corneum As keratinocytes move to the surface: they eventually die and are sloughed off The flexible connective tissue that joins the anterior extremity of a rib to the breast bone (sternum) is Hyaline cartilage What word foes the letter "B" stand for in the American Cancer Society's ABCD guidelines for detecting malignant melanoma? Border is irregular A gland may consist of A single epithelial cell A cluster of epithelial cells A course of study in which you learn about the bones of the forearm along with associated blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves would most appropriately be called Regional anatomy Which best describes the palatine bone horizontal plate forms the posterior portion of the hard palate The frontal bone: None of the above (articulates with the mandible, contributes to the sagittal suture, forms part of the floor of the orbit) A transverse plane is also known as a horizontal plane or cross-sectional plane Put the following in correct order for endochondral ossification 1) Mesenchymal cells of the embryo develop into cartilage-producing cells 2) The periosteum (formerly perichondrium) begins to produce a thin layer of compact bone 3) A hyaline cartilage model of the future bone is formed 4) Cartilage in the midregion of the model becomes calcified 5) Spongy bone tissue develops at the primary ossification center 6) Secondary ossification centers produce spongy bone tissue of the epiphyses 7) Medullary cavity is formed 1,3,4,2,5,7,6 A ___ is a type of joint in which two bones are held together by a disc of fibrocartilage Symphysis Which of the following cell junctions anchor or connect adjacent cells to one another? Adherens junctions Desmosomes Gap junctions Tight junctions Which of the following is a false statement about epithelium? Epithelial tissue is a highly vascular tissue The tissue that contains erythrocytes, leukocytes, and plasma belongs to which tissue group? Connective tissue The ligamentum teres arises from The fovea capitus Which of the following are true of yellow marrow? It is located in the medullary cavities of long bones It is a site of energy storage in the form of triglycerides It becomes more abundant relative to red marrow with increasing age due to the conversion of red marrow to yellow marrow Fibrous connective tissue firmly holds the articular surfaces of bones together in: Fibrous joints Which skull bone contains the mandibular fossa, mastoid process, styloid process, and zygomatic process? Temporal Name the two most specific body cavities that would be sectioned if a transverse plane were passed through the umbilicus. Abdominal and Vertebral canal Most specifically, the heart is located in the Pericardial cavity The number of phalanges in one hand is: 14 The ability of skin to stretch and recoil is due to the presence of ___ in the ___. Elastic Fibers, dermis Which is the most common type of exocrine gland? Merocrine glands The four major families of tissues that make up the human body are muscular, nervous, epithelial, connective A tendon sheath is a modified Bursa The inguinal region is proximal to the popliteal region. The axillary region is inferior to the antecubital region. Regarding these two statements, The first is true, the second is false Which of the following is not considered an epidermal derivative? Lamellated corpuscles The nutrient artery of a long bone: divides into branches that supply the marrow and the inner portion of the diaphysis Calluses form in areas that are subject to friction The rotator cuff tendons enclose the shoulder joint on all sides except ___, which partially explains the nature of most shoulder dislocations. Inferiorly Which of the following is not true of periosteum? It covers and protects the articular cartilages Which feature goes with the elbow joint? radial annular ligament The matrix of loose connective tissue is produced by None of the above (mast cells, plasma cells, macrophages) The central canal of an osteon contains blood vessels and nerves Which type of joint has the most movement? Diarthrosis Which is not a feature of osteoarthritis? presence of autoantibodies Which of the following is true of the radius? None of the above (articulates with trochlear notch of humerus, medial bone of forearm, head articulates with distal end of ulna) The areas between neighboring osteons contain interstitial lamellae Which of the following statements about aging and joints is false? Articular cartilage thickens Which of the following statements about the dermis are true? The two regions include the superficial papillary region and the deeper reticular region Dermal papillae, which project superficially into the epidermis, commonly contain capillaries and corpuscles of touch (meissner corpuscles) Organs in the ventral body cavity are surrounded by double-layered membranes called ___. The layer closest to the organ is the ___ membrane, and that which lines the body wall is called the ___ membrane. The layers are separated by ___fluid. Serous; Visceral; Parietal; Serous Connective tissue and epithelial tissue are similar because They each perform a variety of functions Which of the following is not a tarsal bone? Hamate __ has a featureless matrix in which individual fibers can't be clearly seen Hyaline cartilage Orientation of which dermal fibers is responsible for "lines of cleavage" (tension lines) seen in the skin? Collagen In ___ connective tissue, the fibers are tightly packed and very little ground substance is present. Dense Distinguishing features of the cervical vertebrae include the ___ which provide a bony channel for blood vessels supplying the brain Transverse foramen The membrane covering the outer surface of the heart is a ___ membrane Serous ___ is a tissue which is easily stretched. It consists of several layers of cells which separate an open space from a basal or reticular lamina, and the surface cells are usually dome shaped if the tissue is not stretched at the time of fixation Transitional epithelium In the ___ of the epidermis, keratinocytes begin to accumulate keratohyalin, which is necessary for keratin production, and to degrade their nuclei and organelles in their final living actions Stratum granulosum An exocrine gland whose duct branches is ___ Compound An osteon is A structural unit of compact bone the papillary layer of the dermis contains ___ to sense gentle contact with objects in the environment. Meissner's corpuscles An exocrine gland whose secretory units are round is ___ Acinar ___ connective tissue is usually found under epithelia. It contains both elastic and collagen fibers and a large amount of ground substance. Areolar The epithelial membranes which line body cavities which are open to the exterior are called ___ membranes. Mucous The epidermis derives from which layer? Ectoderm A fibrous joint may be a: suture, gomphosis, syndesmosis The hair follicle is composed of cells from the ___ (which tissue layer in general?) but deep within the follicle, at the hair matrix, only cells of the ___ (which layer specifically) are present. Epidermis, papillary The patellar surface, with which the patella articulates, is located on the ___ end of the ___. Distal, femur An abnormal increase in the thoracic curvature of the vertebral column is called ___. Kyphosis Which feature goes with the humeroscapular joint? glenoid labrum ___ are fibrous proteins in connective tissue that branch and cross-connect to provide a flexible but form-holding framework in which cells reside Reticular Intervertebral articulation of lumbar vertebrae allows ___ (what motions) Flexion and extension Microvilli are most likely to be found in which type of tissue? Simple squamous epithelium The unstructured portion of the matrix that fills the space between cells in connective tissue is called the ______. ground substance The major matrix producing cells in bone are called Osteoblasts A synovial membrane contains: loose connective tissue If a joint is enclosed in a tough connective tissue capsule and if it contains a joint cavity, it is classified as: Synovial The spinous processes on ___ are short and flat, like an axe blade. Lumbar vertebrae The ___ region of the abdomen is inferior and right lateral to the umbilical region of the abdomen. Right iliac or inguinal A typical long bone has articular cartilage on the epiphysis __ is a very strong and resilient cartilage which is extremely flexible and will spring back to its original shape after bending Elastic cartilage ___ is the embryonic tissue type that gives rise to all connective tissue in the adult body Mesenchyme Which of the following is characteristic of spongy bone tissue, but not of compact bone tissue Trabeculae Connective tissue can be sub-classified as either ___ or ___. Loose; dense