ILTS HISTORY 246 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS COMPLETE

ILTS HISTORY 246 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS COMPLETE General Political Theory (4 major purposes of a govt) - Answer -ensuring national security -providing public services -ensuring social order -making decisions regarding the economy 4 main theories regarding origin of the state - Answer -evolutionary (from family structure to govt structure) -by force -divine right -social contract (allowing yourself to be governed in return for protection) greek philosophers who believed scientifically organized order in political matters would create stable/just societies - Answer Aristotle and Plato Thomas Aquinas - Answer -individuals have certain rights and duties that dictate the extent of government rule -modern constitutionalism Niccolo Machiavelli - Answer -author of The Prince -politics based on power -father of modern political science Thomas Hobbes - Answer -author of Leviathan (1651) -life is a quest for power, state must work to control this urge -people are unable to live in harmony without the intervention of a powerful government John Locke - Answer -author of Two Treatises of Government (1689) -opposed Hobbes view -"tabula rasa" theory that people's experiences shape them, not innate intuition -men are independent and equal -ideas are in US constitution David Hume and Jeremy Bentham - Answer -politics should maintain the "greatest happiness for the greatest number" -skepticism, don't believe things until proof can be observed John Stuart Mill - Answer -british philosopher and economist -progressive policies Johann Fichte and Georg Hegal - Answer -german philosophers -liberalism grounded largely in socialism and in a sense of nationalism