Chapter 17 Test Bank
1. 1) Garrod hypothesized that ºinborn errors of metabolismº such as
alkaptonuria occur because
A) genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected
individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes.
B) enzymes are made of DNA, and affected individuals lack DNA
polymerase.
C) C) many metabolic enzymes use DNA as a cofactor, and affected
individuals have mutations that prevent their enzymes from interacting
efficiently with DNA.
D) D) certain metabolic reactions are carried out by ribozymes, and
affected individuals lack
key splicing factors.B) Error! Bookmark not defined.
C) 3
D) 3
E) metabolic enzymes require vitamin cofactors, and affected individuals
have
significant nutritional deficiencies.: genes dictate the production of specific
enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack
certain enzymes
2. 2) According to Beadle and Tatum¹s hypothesis, how many genes are
necessary for this pathway?
A) 0
E) It cannot be determined from the pathway.: 2
3. 3) A mutation results in a defective enzyme A. Which of the following would
be a consequence of that mutation?
A) an accumulation of A and no production of B and C
B) an accumulation of A and B and no production of C
C) an accumulation of B and no production of A and C
D) an accumulation of B and C and no production of A
E) an accumulation of C and no production of A and B: an accumulation of A
and no production of B and C
, Chapter 17 Test Bank
4. 4) If A, B, and C are all required for growth, a strain that is mutant for
the gene encoding enzyme A would be able to grow on which of the
following media?
A) minimal medium
B) minimal medium supplemented with nutrient ºAº only
C) C) minimal medium supplemented with nutrient ºBº only
D) minimal medium supplemented with nutrient ºCº only
E) minimal medium supplemented with nutrients ºAº and ºC:º minimal
medium supplemented with nutrient "B" only
5. 5) If A, B, and C are all required for growth, a strain mutant for the
gene encoding enzyme B would be capable of growing on which of the
following media?
A) minimal medium
B) minimal medium supplemented with ºAº only C) minimal
medium supplemented with ºBº only
D) minimal medium supplemented with ºCº only
E) minimal medium supplemented with nutrients ºAº and ºBº: minimal
medium supplemented with "C" only
6. 6) The nitrogenous base adenine is found in all members of which group?
A) proteins, triglycerides, and testosterone
B) proteins, ATP, and DNA
C) ATP, RNA, and DNA
D) alpha glucose, ATP, and DNA
E) proteins, carbohydrates, and ATP: ATP, RNA, and DNA
7. 7) Using RNA as a template for protein synthesis instead of
translating proteins directly from the DNA is advantageous for the cell
because
A) RNA is much more stable than DNA.
B) RNA acts as an expendable copy of the genetic material.
C) only one mRNA molecule can be transcribed from a single gene, lowering
the potential rate of gene expression.
D) tRNA, rRNA and others are not transcribed.
E) mRNA molecules are subject to mutation but DNA is not.: RNA acts as an
expendable copy of the genetic material
, Chapter 17 Test Bank
8. 8) If proteins were composed of only 12 different kinds of amino acids, what
would be the smallest possible codon size in a genetic system with four
different nucleotides?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 12: 2
9. 9) The enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase randomly assembles
nucleotides into a
polynucleotide polymer. You add polynucleotide phosphorylase to a
solution of adenosine
triphosphate and guanosine triphosphate. How many artificial mRNA 3
nucleotide codons would be possible?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 8
D) 16
E) 64: 8
10. 10) A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5¹ AGT
3¹. The corresponding
codon for the mRNA transcribed is
A) 3¹ UCA 5.¹
B) 3¹ UGA 5.¹
C) 5¹ TCA 3.¹ D) 3¹ACU 5.¹
E) either UCA or TCA, depending on wobble in the first base.: 3' UCA 5'
11. 11) A possible sequence of nucleotides in the template strand of DNA
that would code for the
polypeptide sequence phe-leu-ile-val would be
A) 5¹ TTG-CTA-CAG-TAG 3.¹
B) 3¹ AAC-GAC-GUC-AUA 5.¹
C) 5¹ AUG-CTG-CAG-TAT 3.¹
D) 3¹ AAA-AAT-ATA-ACA 5.¹
E) 3¹ AAA-GAA-TAA-CAA 5.¹: 3' AAA-GAA-TAA-CAA 5'
1. 1) Garrod hypothesized that ºinborn errors of metabolismº such as
alkaptonuria occur because
A) genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected
individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes.
B) enzymes are made of DNA, and affected individuals lack DNA
polymerase.
C) C) many metabolic enzymes use DNA as a cofactor, and affected
individuals have mutations that prevent their enzymes from interacting
efficiently with DNA.
D) D) certain metabolic reactions are carried out by ribozymes, and
affected individuals lack
key splicing factors.B) Error! Bookmark not defined.
C) 3
D) 3
E) metabolic enzymes require vitamin cofactors, and affected individuals
have
significant nutritional deficiencies.: genes dictate the production of specific
enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack
certain enzymes
2. 2) According to Beadle and Tatum¹s hypothesis, how many genes are
necessary for this pathway?
A) 0
E) It cannot be determined from the pathway.: 2
3. 3) A mutation results in a defective enzyme A. Which of the following would
be a consequence of that mutation?
A) an accumulation of A and no production of B and C
B) an accumulation of A and B and no production of C
C) an accumulation of B and no production of A and C
D) an accumulation of B and C and no production of A
E) an accumulation of C and no production of A and B: an accumulation of A
and no production of B and C
, Chapter 17 Test Bank
4. 4) If A, B, and C are all required for growth, a strain that is mutant for
the gene encoding enzyme A would be able to grow on which of the
following media?
A) minimal medium
B) minimal medium supplemented with nutrient ºAº only
C) C) minimal medium supplemented with nutrient ºBº only
D) minimal medium supplemented with nutrient ºCº only
E) minimal medium supplemented with nutrients ºAº and ºC:º minimal
medium supplemented with nutrient "B" only
5. 5) If A, B, and C are all required for growth, a strain mutant for the
gene encoding enzyme B would be capable of growing on which of the
following media?
A) minimal medium
B) minimal medium supplemented with ºAº only C) minimal
medium supplemented with ºBº only
D) minimal medium supplemented with ºCº only
E) minimal medium supplemented with nutrients ºAº and ºBº: minimal
medium supplemented with "C" only
6. 6) The nitrogenous base adenine is found in all members of which group?
A) proteins, triglycerides, and testosterone
B) proteins, ATP, and DNA
C) ATP, RNA, and DNA
D) alpha glucose, ATP, and DNA
E) proteins, carbohydrates, and ATP: ATP, RNA, and DNA
7. 7) Using RNA as a template for protein synthesis instead of
translating proteins directly from the DNA is advantageous for the cell
because
A) RNA is much more stable than DNA.
B) RNA acts as an expendable copy of the genetic material.
C) only one mRNA molecule can be transcribed from a single gene, lowering
the potential rate of gene expression.
D) tRNA, rRNA and others are not transcribed.
E) mRNA molecules are subject to mutation but DNA is not.: RNA acts as an
expendable copy of the genetic material
, Chapter 17 Test Bank
8. 8) If proteins were composed of only 12 different kinds of amino acids, what
would be the smallest possible codon size in a genetic system with four
different nucleotides?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 12: 2
9. 9) The enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase randomly assembles
nucleotides into a
polynucleotide polymer. You add polynucleotide phosphorylase to a
solution of adenosine
triphosphate and guanosine triphosphate. How many artificial mRNA 3
nucleotide codons would be possible?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 8
D) 16
E) 64: 8
10. 10) A particular triplet of bases in the template strand of DNA is 5¹ AGT
3¹. The corresponding
codon for the mRNA transcribed is
A) 3¹ UCA 5.¹
B) 3¹ UGA 5.¹
C) 5¹ TCA 3.¹ D) 3¹ACU 5.¹
E) either UCA or TCA, depending on wobble in the first base.: 3' UCA 5'
11. 11) A possible sequence of nucleotides in the template strand of DNA
that would code for the
polypeptide sequence phe-leu-ile-val would be
A) 5¹ TTG-CTA-CAG-TAG 3.¹
B) 3¹ AAC-GAC-GUC-AUA 5.¹
C) 5¹ AUG-CTG-CAG-TAT 3.¹
D) 3¹ AAA-AAT-ATA-ACA 5.¹
E) 3¹ AAA-GAA-TAA-CAA 5.¹: 3' AAA-GAA-TAA-CAA 5'
