PSYC 101 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE GRADED
A+
Population
the large group of interest to a researcher
Sample
the small set of individuals who participate in the study
Representative Sample
is a sample with the same characteristics as the population
Systematic
(Probability)
- sample is obtained by selecting every n"th" participant.
- selected from a list of total random population
- not really random or independent
Quota
(non)
- sample is obtained by identifying subgroups
- establish quotas for individuals to be selected through convenience from each group
The goal of research
is to generalize from a sample to the population
Correlation
measuring two variables for each individual to describe the pattern and strength of the
relationship between the variables.
Experiment
attempts to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between
two variables by manipulating one variable
Validity
is the degree to which your design tests what it was intended to test
Laboratory Observation
Affords greatest control over extraneous variables
Simulation
Attempt to recreate the real world in the laboratory
Reliability
Ability of a test to yield very similar scores for the same individual over repeated testings
Case Study
Detailed report on a test subject, usually from multiple sources
critical thinking
thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions rather it examines
assumptions discerns hidden values evaluates evidence and assesses conclusions
theory
explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and
predicts behaviors or events
hypothesis
a testable prediction often implied by a theory
survey
A+
Population
the large group of interest to a researcher
Sample
the small set of individuals who participate in the study
Representative Sample
is a sample with the same characteristics as the population
Systematic
(Probability)
- sample is obtained by selecting every n"th" participant.
- selected from a list of total random population
- not really random or independent
Quota
(non)
- sample is obtained by identifying subgroups
- establish quotas for individuals to be selected through convenience from each group
The goal of research
is to generalize from a sample to the population
Correlation
measuring two variables for each individual to describe the pattern and strength of the
relationship between the variables.
Experiment
attempts to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between
two variables by manipulating one variable
Validity
is the degree to which your design tests what it was intended to test
Laboratory Observation
Affords greatest control over extraneous variables
Simulation
Attempt to recreate the real world in the laboratory
Reliability
Ability of a test to yield very similar scores for the same individual over repeated testings
Case Study
Detailed report on a test subject, usually from multiple sources
critical thinking
thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions rather it examines
assumptions discerns hidden values evaluates evidence and assesses conclusions
theory
explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and
predicts behaviors or events
hypothesis
a testable prediction often implied by a theory
survey
