PHSC 210 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST EDITION GRADED A+
rocks
aggregates of one of more minerals
three categories of rock
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
Igneous
crystallize from liquid rock (granite)
Sedimentary
consist of small particles or pieces of other rock, like the particles of sand that make up sandstone
Metamorphic
rocks that become changed by heat or pressure
Weathering
Metamorphism
Recrystallization
how rocks change from type to type
Rock cycle
schematic drawing that shows how these processes change rocks from one type to another
Sediment
broken up pieces of loose rock and minerals, small in size (mud) or large like gravel
Lithification
this and hardening is how sediment becomes sedimentary rock
3 steps:
compaction
dewatering
cementation
Compaction
first step for lithification
reduces the amount of empty space between the grains and packs the grains closer together
Dewatering
, second step of lithification
water is squeezed out of the rock
hand in hand with compaction
Cementation
third step of lithification
cemented together
variety of substances can glue or cement the rocks together
regional metamorphic rocks
created by heat and pressure
most common type of metamorphic rock and includes slate
contact or thermal metamorphic rock
heat is the main cause of change
marble
hot liquid rock bakes or cooks rock that it comes into contact with, but cannot melt
dynamic metamorphism
metamorphis by pressure
happens only rarely at fault zones
mylonite
magma
if enough heat and pressure are present to melt the rock it's called this
lava
if magma erupts from a volcano
three types of igneous rocks
intrusive igneous
extrusive/volcanic igneous
Creation week rock
intrusive igneous rock
form when magma cools and crystallizes undergound
large crystals seen with naked eye >1 mm
extrusive or volcanic igneous rock
generally cools quickly above ground
crystals too small to be viewed with naked eye < 1 mm
Creation week rocks
rocks
aggregates of one of more minerals
three categories of rock
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
Igneous
crystallize from liquid rock (granite)
Sedimentary
consist of small particles or pieces of other rock, like the particles of sand that make up sandstone
Metamorphic
rocks that become changed by heat or pressure
Weathering
Metamorphism
Recrystallization
how rocks change from type to type
Rock cycle
schematic drawing that shows how these processes change rocks from one type to another
Sediment
broken up pieces of loose rock and minerals, small in size (mud) or large like gravel
Lithification
this and hardening is how sediment becomes sedimentary rock
3 steps:
compaction
dewatering
cementation
Compaction
first step for lithification
reduces the amount of empty space between the grains and packs the grains closer together
Dewatering
, second step of lithification
water is squeezed out of the rock
hand in hand with compaction
Cementation
third step of lithification
cemented together
variety of substances can glue or cement the rocks together
regional metamorphic rocks
created by heat and pressure
most common type of metamorphic rock and includes slate
contact or thermal metamorphic rock
heat is the main cause of change
marble
hot liquid rock bakes or cooks rock that it comes into contact with, but cannot melt
dynamic metamorphism
metamorphis by pressure
happens only rarely at fault zones
mylonite
magma
if enough heat and pressure are present to melt the rock it's called this
lava
if magma erupts from a volcano
three types of igneous rocks
intrusive igneous
extrusive/volcanic igneous
Creation week rock
intrusive igneous rock
form when magma cools and crystallizes undergound
large crystals seen with naked eye >1 mm
extrusive or volcanic igneous rock
generally cools quickly above ground
crystals too small to be viewed with naked eye < 1 mm
Creation week rocks
